Alterações no intestino médio de larvas de mosquitos Toxorhynchites violaceus e Lutzia bigoti após ingestão de Aedes aegypti
Loading...
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) são vetores de patógenos para humanos e vertebrados de importância veterinária. Larvas predadoras dos gêneros Toxorhynchites e Lutzia alimentam-se de formas imaturas de invertebrados, incluindo mosquitos, oferecendo uma oportunidade única para estudar adaptações digestivas. Neste estudo, analisamos e comparamos a morfologia do intestino médio (IM) de Toxorhynchites violaceus e Lutzia bigoti após a ingestão de larvas de Aedes aegypti, bem como o tempo de retenção do bolo alimentar. Larvas do quarto ínstar de T. violaceus e L. bigoti foram mantidas em jejum por 24 horas e, posteriormente, alimentadas individualmente com larvas de A. aegypti, sendo fornecido uma presa por predador. Os indivíduos foram dissecados em diferentes tempos pós-ingestão (uma, três, cinco, 16 e 24 horas), com um grupo controle em zero horas. O IM foi examinado por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e óptica, utilizando colorações, marcações e impregnações específicas para evidenciar proteínas, lipídios e núcleos. O IM de ambas as espécies apresenta a organização tubular típica dos culicídeos, composto por cecos gástricos (CG), porção anterior e posterior. Os CG de T. violaceus são alongados e cilíndricos, com lúmen escuro e grânulos pigmentados, enquanto os de L. bigoti são digitiformes, com projeções celulares e fibras musculares. A cárdia de T. violaceus é mais desenvolvida, sugerindo maior capacidade de regulação do bolo alimentar e produção de matriz peritrófica. O epitélio do IM anterior em T. violaceus varia de cúbico a colunar, com acúmulo de gotículas lipídicas, principalmente entre uma e 16 horas pós-ingestão. Em L. bigoti, o epitélio é pavimentoso ou cúbico, com gotículas lipídicas discretas apenas após uma hora. A retenção alimentar foi mais prolongada em T. violaceus, com núcleos celulares da presa detectados até uma hora, enquanto em L. bigoti não foram observados núcleos em nenhum tempo. No IM posterior, L. bigoti apresenta uma dilatação mais acentuada, mas em ambas as espécies o epitélio é colunar com borda em escova espessa. A digestão do bolo alimentar induz alterações estruturais no IM, revelando estratégias digestivas e adaptações fisiológicas distintas entre T. violaceus e L. bigoti. Palavras-chave: Aedes aegypti; Toxorhynchites; Lutzia; ceco gástrico; intestino médio
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors of pathogens to humans and vertebrates of veterinary importance. Predatory larvae of the genera Toxorhynchites and Lutzia feed on immature forms of invertebrates, including mosquitoes, providing a unique opportunity to study digestive adaptations. In this study, we analyzed and compared the morphology of the midgut (MG) of Toxorhynchites violaceus and Lutzia bigoti after ingestion of Aedes aegypti larvae, as well as the food retention time. Fourth- instar larvae of T. violaceus and L. bigoti were fasted for 24 hours and subsequently fed individually with A. aegypti larvae, providing one prey per predator. Individuals were dissected at different post-ingestion times (one, three, five, 16, and 24 hours), with a control group at zero hours. The MG was examined using scanning and light microscopy, employing specific stains, markers, and impregnations to reveal proteins, lipids, and nuclei. The MG of both species exhibits the typical tubular organization of culicids, composed of gastric ceca (GC), anterior, and posterior regions. The GC of T. violaceus are elongated and cylindrical, with a dark lumen and pigmented granules, whereas those of L. bigoti are digitiform, with cellular projections and muscle fibers. The cardia of T. violaceus is more developed, suggesting greater capacity to regulate the food bolus and produce a peritrophic matrix. The anterior MG epithelium of T. violaceus ranges from cuboidal to columnar, with accumulation of lipid droplets, mainly between one and 16 hours post-ingestion. In L. bigoti, the epithelium is squamous to cuboidal, with discrete lipid droplets observed only after 1 hour. Food retention was prolonged in T. violaceus, with prey cell nuclei detected up to 1 hour, while in L. bigoti nuclei were not observed at any time. In the posterior MG, L. bigoti exhibits a more pronounced dilation, but in both species the epithelium is columnar with a thick brush border. Digestion of the food bolus induces structural changes in the MG, revealing distinct digestive strategies and physiological adaptations between T. violaceus and L. bigoti. Keywords: Aedes aegypti; Toxorhynchites; Lutzia; gastric caeca; midgut
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors of pathogens to humans and vertebrates of veterinary importance. Predatory larvae of the genera Toxorhynchites and Lutzia feed on immature forms of invertebrates, including mosquitoes, providing a unique opportunity to study digestive adaptations. In this study, we analyzed and compared the morphology of the midgut (MG) of Toxorhynchites violaceus and Lutzia bigoti after ingestion of Aedes aegypti larvae, as well as the food retention time. Fourth- instar larvae of T. violaceus and L. bigoti were fasted for 24 hours and subsequently fed individually with A. aegypti larvae, providing one prey per predator. Individuals were dissected at different post-ingestion times (one, three, five, 16, and 24 hours), with a control group at zero hours. The MG was examined using scanning and light microscopy, employing specific stains, markers, and impregnations to reveal proteins, lipids, and nuclei. The MG of both species exhibits the typical tubular organization of culicids, composed of gastric ceca (GC), anterior, and posterior regions. The GC of T. violaceus are elongated and cylindrical, with a dark lumen and pigmented granules, whereas those of L. bigoti are digitiform, with cellular projections and muscle fibers. The cardia of T. violaceus is more developed, suggesting greater capacity to regulate the food bolus and produce a peritrophic matrix. The anterior MG epithelium of T. violaceus ranges from cuboidal to columnar, with accumulation of lipid droplets, mainly between one and 16 hours post-ingestion. In L. bigoti, the epithelium is squamous to cuboidal, with discrete lipid droplets observed only after 1 hour. Food retention was prolonged in T. violaceus, with prey cell nuclei detected up to 1 hour, while in L. bigoti nuclei were not observed at any time. In the posterior MG, L. bigoti exhibits a more pronounced dilation, but in both species the epithelium is columnar with a thick brush border. Digestion of the food bolus induces structural changes in the MG, revealing distinct digestive strategies and physiological adaptations between T. violaceus and L. bigoti. Keywords: Aedes aegypti; Toxorhynchites; Lutzia; gastric caeca; midgut
Description
Citation
CRUZ, João Paulo Pimentel de Oliveira. Alterações no intestino médio de larvas de mosquitos Toxorhynchites violaceus e Lutzia bigoti após ingestão de Aedes aegypti. 2025. 51 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia Celular e Estrutural) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
