Padrão alimentar, adiposidade corporal e sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama em quimioterapia
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre o padrão alimentar, a adiposidade corporal e a sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama em quimioterapia no Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé-MG (Fundação Cristiano Varella). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo com análise transversal e longitudinal, envolvendo 214 mulheres com câncer de mama em quimioterapia, entre dezembro de 2021 e junho de 2022. Por meio de um questionário semiestruturado foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas, histórico clínico do câncer, efeitos adversos do tratamento e hábitos de vida. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio de dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas, sendo o primeiro aplicado na coleta de dados e o segundo, cerca de 30 dias depois, via chamada telefônica. As medidas antropométricas foram coletadas seguindo protocolos específicos para aferição do peso, altura, Perímetro da Cintura (PC) e perímetro do quadril. Os padrões alimentares foram identificados pela Análise de Componentes Principais, enquanto a adiposidade central foi avaliada pelos seguintes indicadores: PC, Relação Cintura Quadril (RCQ), Relação Cintura Estatura (RCE) e Índice de Conicidade (IC). A distribuição das variáveis foi analisada por estatística descritiva, incluindo medidas de tendência central e de dispersão, de coeficientes de assimetria e curtose, análise gráfica (histogramas e box plot) e teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk. Os dados vitais foram acompanhados por 32 meses após a coleta, por chamada telefônica, consulta ao prontuário e ao registro nacional de óbitos. A regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para avaliar a associação entre os tercis dos padrões alimentares e as categorias dos indicadores de adiposidade central, com estimativas da Razão de Prevalência (RP) e dos respectivos Intervalos de Confiança (IC95%). A sobrevida global (SG) foi analisada pelo método de Kaplan-Meier com teste de Log-Rank, além de modelos de regressão de Cox com variância robusta para avaliar a associação entre aos tercis de cada padrão alimentar e a SG, sendo estimadas taxas de risco (Hazard Ratios - HR) e os respectivos IC95%. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software STATA® (versão 14.0), ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A média de idade das participantes foi de 53,9±12,0 e a maioria apresentou valores elevados dos indicadores de adiposidade central (PC, RCQ, RCE e IC). Os três padrões alimentares identificados explicaram 41,6% da variância dos dados, sendo eles: “Lanche”, “Tradicional” e “Misto”. A maior adesão aos padrões “Lanche” e "Misto" foi associada a uma menor prevalência de adiposidade central, enquanto a adesão moderada ao padrão “Tradicional” foi associada a maior prevalência de adiposidade central, segundo PC, RCQ e IC. A taxa de sobrevida das mulheres foi aproximadamente 80,1%, após cinco anos de diagnóstico. A alta adesão ao padrão "Tradicional" aumentou significativamente o risco de mortalidade por todas as causas, enquanto a adesão moderada ao padrão "Misto" reduziu esse risco. O padrão “Lanche” não apresentou associação significativa com a SG. Conclusões: Os resultados indicam que a composição da dieta durante a quimioterapia impacta os indicadores de adiposidade central e pode influenciar a sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama. Assim, avaliar a relação entre o padrão alimentar ao longo do tratamento pode fortalecer a base de evidências para intervenções nutricionais mais eficazes. Essas intervenções devem ser focadas na qualidade alimentar para prevenir o acúmulo de gordura abdominal e contribuir para um melhor prognóstico da doença. Palavras-chave: Câncer de mama; Quimioterapia; Padrão alimentar; Adiposidade central; Sobrevida Global
Objective: To investigate the association between dietary patterns, body adiposity, and survival in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy at the Muriaé Cancer Hospital-MG (Fundação Cristiano Varella). Methods: This cross-sectional and longitudinal study included 214 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy between December 2021 and June 2022. Sociodemographic information, cancer history, treatment-related adverse effects, and lifestyle habits were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Food intake was assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls: the first administered in person during data collection and the second approximately 30 days later via telephone. Anthropometric measurements were obtained following standardized protocols for weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference. Dietary patterns were identified using Principal Component Analysis, while central adiposity was assessed by WC, Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), and Conicity Index (CI). Variable distribution was analyzed through descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and dispersion, skewness and kurtosis, graphical analysis (histograms and box plots), and the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Vital status was monitored for 32 months after data collection through telephone follow-up, medical records, and the national death registry. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess the association between dietary pattern tertiles and categories of central adiposity indicators, with estimates of Prevalence Ratios (PR) and corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan- Meier method and Log-Rank test, in addition to Cox regression models with robust variance to evaluate the association between dietary pattern tertiles and OS, estimating Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% CI. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA® software (version 14.0), adopting a 5% significance level. Results: The mean age of participants was 53.9 ± 12.0 years, and most showed elevated values for central adiposity indicators (WC, WHR, WHtR, and CI). Three dietary patterns were identified, explaining 41.6% of the total variance: “Snack,” “Traditional,” and “Mixed.” Greater adherence to the “Snack” and “Mixed” patterns was associated with a lower prevalence of central adiposity, whereas moderate adherence to the “Traditional” pattern was linked to a higher prevalence, based on WC, WHR, and CI. The five-year survival rate was approximately 80.1%. High adherence to the “Traditional” pattern significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality, while moderate adherence to the “Mixed” pattern was associated with reduced risk. No significant association was observed between the “Snack” pattern and OS. Conclusions: These findings suggest that dietary composition during chemotherapy affects central adiposity and may influence survival outcomes in women with breast cancer. Monitoring dietary patterns throughout treatment may strengthen the evidence for implementing effective nutritional strategies. Such interventions should emphasize diet quality to prevent abdominal fat accumulation and improve disease prognosis. Keywords: Breast cancer; Chemotherapy; Dietary pattern; Central adiposity; Overall Survival
Objective: To investigate the association between dietary patterns, body adiposity, and survival in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy at the Muriaé Cancer Hospital-MG (Fundação Cristiano Varella). Methods: This cross-sectional and longitudinal study included 214 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy between December 2021 and June 2022. Sociodemographic information, cancer history, treatment-related adverse effects, and lifestyle habits were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Food intake was assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls: the first administered in person during data collection and the second approximately 30 days later via telephone. Anthropometric measurements were obtained following standardized protocols for weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference. Dietary patterns were identified using Principal Component Analysis, while central adiposity was assessed by WC, Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), and Conicity Index (CI). Variable distribution was analyzed through descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and dispersion, skewness and kurtosis, graphical analysis (histograms and box plots), and the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Vital status was monitored for 32 months after data collection through telephone follow-up, medical records, and the national death registry. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess the association between dietary pattern tertiles and categories of central adiposity indicators, with estimates of Prevalence Ratios (PR) and corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan- Meier method and Log-Rank test, in addition to Cox regression models with robust variance to evaluate the association between dietary pattern tertiles and OS, estimating Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% CI. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA® software (version 14.0), adopting a 5% significance level. Results: The mean age of participants was 53.9 ± 12.0 years, and most showed elevated values for central adiposity indicators (WC, WHR, WHtR, and CI). Three dietary patterns were identified, explaining 41.6% of the total variance: “Snack,” “Traditional,” and “Mixed.” Greater adherence to the “Snack” and “Mixed” patterns was associated with a lower prevalence of central adiposity, whereas moderate adherence to the “Traditional” pattern was linked to a higher prevalence, based on WC, WHR, and CI. The five-year survival rate was approximately 80.1%. High adherence to the “Traditional” pattern significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality, while moderate adherence to the “Mixed” pattern was associated with reduced risk. No significant association was observed between the “Snack” pattern and OS. Conclusions: These findings suggest that dietary composition during chemotherapy affects central adiposity and may influence survival outcomes in women with breast cancer. Monitoring dietary patterns throughout treatment may strengthen the evidence for implementing effective nutritional strategies. Such interventions should emphasize diet quality to prevent abdominal fat accumulation and improve disease prognosis. Keywords: Breast cancer; Chemotherapy; Dietary pattern; Central adiposity; Overall Survival
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BRASIL, Maria Letícia Curti. Padrão alimentar, adiposidade corporal e sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama em quimioterapia. 2025. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Nutrição) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
