Determinação de limites superiores da zona de conforto térmico para codornas de corte aclimatizadas no Brasil de 22 a 35 dias de idade
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2014-04
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Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal
Resumo
Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa determinar as faixas de conforto térmico, avaliadas em termos de temperatura e Índices de Temperatura de Globo Negro e Umidade (ITGU), adequadas à criação de codornas de corte na fase final de criação. Foram alojadas 300 codornas de corte, em diferentes ambientes térmicos. Cada grupo de 60 aves foi distribuído, aleatoriamente, em 03 câmaras climáticas, sendo 10 aves por unidade experimental (gaiola), totalizando 15 tratamentos. Os tratamentos foram: CP - Conforto Preconizado (temperaturas de 26 e 25 oC, respectivamente, para quarta e quinta semana de criação); QM - Calor Moderado (30 oC para a quarta e quinta semana de criação) e QS - Calor Severo (33 oC para a quarta e quinta semana de criação). Durante a quarta semana de criação das codornas (22 a 28 dias), o melhor valor de ITGU foi de 75,8 ± 0,9 e para a quinta semana de criação (29 a 35 dias) ITGU de 75,3 ± 0,7 (indicativos de conforto térmico para esta idade). Verificou-se que: codornas mantidas em estresse térmico (seja por frio ou calor) durante a fase inicial de criação não se recuperam ao final do ciclo de vida; mesmo quando criadas em condições de conforto térmico na fase inicial, após este período, quando mantidas em temperaturas de estresse seja por calor moderado ou severo crônicos, não conseguem se manter com a performance normal, demonstrando a necessidade de se garantir que o ambiente térmico dos aviários seja mantido adequado de acordo com as exigências para cada idade das codornas.
The objective of this research was to determine the temperature comfort, evaluated in terms of temperature and indices Black Globe Temperature and Humidity (BGTH), appropriate to the creation of quails in the final phase. Were housed 300 quails in different thermal environments. Each group of 60 birds were distributed randomly into 03 chambers, with 10 birds per pen (cage), totaling 15 treatments. The treatments were: CP - Comfort Pressed (temperatures of 26 and 25 oC, respectively, for fourth and fifth week of creation); MH - Moderate heat (30 ºC for the fourth and fifth week of creation) and HS - Heat Severus (33 oC for the fourth and fifth week of creation). During the fourth week of creation quail (22-28 days), the best value of BGTH was 75.8 ± 0.9 and for the fifth week of creation (29-35 days) BGTH 75.3 ± 0, 7 (indicative of thermal comfort for this age). It was found that: quail maintained in thermal stress (either hot or cold) during the initial phase can not recover the end of the life cycle, even when reared under conditions of thermal comfort in the initial stage after this period, while kept at temperatures of heat stress is moderate or severe chronic, can not keep up with the normal performance, demonstrating the need to ensure that the thermal environment of poultry is kept in accordance with the appropriate requirements for each age of the quail.
The objective of this research was to determine the temperature comfort, evaluated in terms of temperature and indices Black Globe Temperature and Humidity (BGTH), appropriate to the creation of quails in the final phase. Were housed 300 quails in different thermal environments. Each group of 60 birds were distributed randomly into 03 chambers, with 10 birds per pen (cage), totaling 15 treatments. The treatments were: CP - Comfort Pressed (temperatures of 26 and 25 oC, respectively, for fourth and fifth week of creation); MH - Moderate heat (30 ºC for the fourth and fifth week of creation) and HS - Heat Severus (33 oC for the fourth and fifth week of creation). During the fourth week of creation quail (22-28 days), the best value of BGTH was 75.8 ± 0.9 and for the fifth week of creation (29-35 days) BGTH 75.3 ± 0, 7 (indicative of thermal comfort for this age). It was found that: quail maintained in thermal stress (either hot or cold) during the initial phase can not recover the end of the life cycle, even when reared under conditions of thermal comfort in the initial stage after this period, while kept at temperatures of heat stress is moderate or severe chronic, can not keep up with the normal performance, demonstrating the need to ensure that the thermal environment of poultry is kept in accordance with the appropriate requirements for each age of the quail.
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Ambiência, Coturnix, Desempenho, Carcass, Environment