Morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino e espermatozoides de três espécies de percevejos da tribo Eccritotarsini (Heteroptera: Miridae)
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Miridae é a maior e mais diversa família dentro de Heteroptera, com mais de 11.000 espécies. Contudo, há questões referentes à sistemática e filogenética que permanecem incertas para a família, com destaque para as tribos da subfamília Bryocorinae. A organização do sistema reprodutor e a ultraestrutura de espermatozoides apresentam um conjunto de caracteres exclusivos, comumente utilizados na sistemática de grupos animais, incluindo os insetos. Com o intuito de contribuir com mais caracteres que possam auxiliar na análise sistemática de Bryocorinae, descrevemos a morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino e espermatozoides de três espécies Eccritotarsini (Miridae: Bryocorinae), Pycnoderes incurvus, Sixeonotus brasiliensis e Bothrophorella nigra. Para isso, seis machos foram dissecados e os sistemas reprodutores foram fotografados e medidos. Em seguida, o material foi processado para as microscopias de luz e eletrônica de transmissão (MET). O sistema reprodutor masculino dessas três espécies segue o padrão organizacional observado em outros Miridae, no entanto, elas exibiram apenas um folículo testicular, e em B. nigra, mostrou redução de um dos pares de glândulas acessórias laterais. Os espermatozoides apresentaram a região anterior da cabeça espiralada para as três espécies, característica ainda não registrada para Heteroptera. A ultraestrutura dos espermatozoides de P. incurvus se mostrou semelhante àquela observada em outros Miridae. O acrossomo exibiu formato de gota em corte transversal, contudo ele foi revestido por um material eletrondenso só observado em P. incurvus e Collaria oleosa (Mirinae: Miridae). A presença de um adjunto de centríolo longo e cilíndrico formando uma ponte entre o núcleo e os componentes flagelares, até o momento, é característico de Miridae. O flagelo com um axonema de 9+9+2 microtúbulos e dois derivados mitocondriais simétricos, com duas inclusões paracristalinas cada, abraçando e conectado ao axonema por duas pontes, têm sido consideradas características de Heteroptera, apoiando a monofilia da subordem. Palavras-chave: Microscopia. Cimicomorpha. Bryocorinae. Sistemática. Testículos. Ultraestrutura.
Miridae is the largest and most diverse family of Heteroptera, with over 11,000 species. However, there are questions regarding systematics and phylogenetics that remain uncertain for this family, especially for tribes of Bryocorinae subfamily. The reproductive system organization and sperm ultrastructure have a unique set of characters commonly used in the systematics of animal groups, including insects. In order to contribute more characters that may assist in the systematic analysis of Bryocorinae, we described the male reproductive system morphology and sperm of three species Eccritotarsini (Miridae: Bryocorinae), Pycnoderes incurvus, Sixeonotus brasiliensis and Bothrophorella nigra. For this, six males were dissected and the reproductive systems were photographed and measured. Then the material was processed for light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The male reproductive system of these three species followed the organizational pattern observed in other Miridae, however, they exhibited only one testicular follicle, and in B. nigra showed reduction of one pair of lateral accessory glands. The sperm presented the anterior head region spiral-like for the three species, a characteristic not yet registered for Heteroptera. The ultrastructure of P. incurvus sperm was similar to that observed in other Miridae. The acrosome exhibited a cross-sectional droplet shape, however it was coated with an electrondense material only observed in P. incurvus and Collaria oleosa (Mirinae: Miridae). The presence of a long, cylindrical centriole adjunct forming a bridge between the nucleus and the flagellar components is so far characteristic of Miridae. The flagella with an axoneme of 9 + 9 + 2 microtubules and two symmetrical mitochondrial derivatives, with two paracrystalline inclusions each, embracing and connected to the axoneme by two bridges, have been considered Heteroptera characteristics, supporting the suborder as monophyletic. Keywords: Cimicomorpha. Bryocorinae. Systematic Testicles. Ultrastructure. Microscopy.
Miridae is the largest and most diverse family of Heteroptera, with over 11,000 species. However, there are questions regarding systematics and phylogenetics that remain uncertain for this family, especially for tribes of Bryocorinae subfamily. The reproductive system organization and sperm ultrastructure have a unique set of characters commonly used in the systematics of animal groups, including insects. In order to contribute more characters that may assist in the systematic analysis of Bryocorinae, we described the male reproductive system morphology and sperm of three species Eccritotarsini (Miridae: Bryocorinae), Pycnoderes incurvus, Sixeonotus brasiliensis and Bothrophorella nigra. For this, six males were dissected and the reproductive systems were photographed and measured. Then the material was processed for light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The male reproductive system of these three species followed the organizational pattern observed in other Miridae, however, they exhibited only one testicular follicle, and in B. nigra showed reduction of one pair of lateral accessory glands. The sperm presented the anterior head region spiral-like for the three species, a characteristic not yet registered for Heteroptera. The ultrastructure of P. incurvus sperm was similar to that observed in other Miridae. The acrosome exhibited a cross-sectional droplet shape, however it was coated with an electrondense material only observed in P. incurvus and Collaria oleosa (Mirinae: Miridae). The presence of a long, cylindrical centriole adjunct forming a bridge between the nucleus and the flagellar components is so far characteristic of Miridae. The flagella with an axoneme of 9 + 9 + 2 microtubules and two symmetrical mitochondrial derivatives, with two paracrystalline inclusions each, embracing and connected to the axoneme by two bridges, have been considered Heteroptera characteristics, supporting the suborder as monophyletic. Keywords: Cimicomorpha. Bryocorinae. Systematic Testicles. Ultrastructure. Microscopy.
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REZENDE, Paulo Henrique Morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino e espermatozoides de três espécies de percevejos da tribo Eccritotarsini (Heteroptera: Miridae). 2019. 35 f. Dissertação/ (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2019.
