Economia Aplicada
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/6
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Item The effects of human capital and private investment in technology on economic structure(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-09-04) Leite, Deyvid William; Cardoso, Leonardo Chaves Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5660203352037941It is well known that economic structure is linked to human capital, private investment in technology and income growth. Even though disentangling how this relationship happens is crucial for policy screening, this still needs a better understanding. We shed light on this debate by analyzing economic structure in two investigations. The first investigation is on the effect of human capital on economic structure. I exploit a significant expansion in the Brazilian federal network of technological and professional education since 2002 as an instrument for human capital. Data are on human capital for Brazilian micro-regions from 2003 to 2015. Results indicated that higher levels of economic structure are associated with a larger stock of human capital. The second investigation studies the effect of private investment in technology on economic struc- ture. A federal law fostering private investment in research and development is used as an instrument for investment in technology. Data are on investment in technology for Brazilian municipalities from 2002 to 2016. Results showed the federal law was effective and private investment in technology has a positive and significant effect on economic structure. We concluded human capital and investment in technology should be promoted due to their effect on economic structure. Keywords: Economic structure. Human capital. Technological education. Investment in technology. Economic complexity.Item Human capital, investment in technology, and economic complexity(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2019-02-28) Leite, Deyvid William; Cardoso, Leonardo Chaves Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5660203352037941This investigation aims to explain the relationship between productive structure, exported products, human capital, and investment in technology at national level. An export sophistication index is used as a proxy for productive structure. The sophistication of exports is called economic complexity and this is used as an adequate measure of per capita income growth. Our yearly based dataset included 98 countries from 1996 to 2015. The results indicate a positive impact of the quantity and the quality of human capital on economic complexity. PISA surveys, the qualitative measure of human capital, showed that the higher percentiles of PISA scores had larger and significant effects on complexity. The influence of human capital on economic complexity decreases as education rises, yielding larger effects in countries with a low level of human capital. Investment in technology and trade openness presented positive and significant effects on economic complexity. We concluded that investments in human capital and technology should be promoted, especially where human capital is low.