Adaptação do método rápido de Scharer para detecção da atividade de fosfatase alcalina residual em queijo Minas Padrão de acordo com as exigências internacionais
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Data
2006-11-14
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Nos Estados Unidos, desde 2003, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) estabelece 350 mU/L como limite máximo da atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP) residual para produtos lácteos. Na Europa, o Comitê responsável pela segurança de leite e derivados, que já adotou este limite para leite, estuda a adoção para outros produtos lácteos. Já a Legislação Brasileira determina que, exclusivamente, o produto leite deve ser submetido a tratamento térmico que garanta a ALP negativa, não estabelecendo um limite quantitativo. Este estudo avaliou a sensibilidade e a linearidade de resposta dos métodos fluorimétrico e Scharer Rápido na determinação da atividade de ALP residual em queijo Minas Padrão. Adaptou-se uma metodologia analítica para detecção de atividade de ALP residual em queijo Minas Padrão, com sensibilidade na atividade de 350 mU/Kg correspondente ao método fluorimétrico, porém com custo inferior. Realizou-se uma pesquisa da atividade de ALP residual em amostras comerciais deste tipo de queijo. O método fluorimétrico apresentou-se adequado na determinação de atividade da ALP residual em queijo Minas Padrão de acordo com o limite estabelecido pela FDA. Já o método de Scharer Rápido detectou como positivas amostras com concentrações de leite cru adicionado ao leite pasteurizado superiores a 0,5% (atividade correspondente a 8.849±797 mU/Kg e 2 µg de fenol/g de queijo). A metodologia
adaptada apresentou excelente correlação com o método fluorimétrico em atividade próxima a 350 mU/Kg (correspondente a 0,010 % de adição de leite cru adicionado ao leite pasteurizado usado para fabricar o queijo). Quanto à pesquisa da atividade de ALP residual em amostras comerciais, verificou-se, através do método fluorimétrico, que
81,25 % das amostras investigadas possuíam atividades superiores a 350 mU/Kg. A metodologia adaptada constatou resultado igual ao do método fluorimétrico. Desse modo, para avaliar a eficiência da pasteurização do leite destinado à fabricação de queijo Minas Padrão, não é recomendável o uso do Método de Scharer Rápido. O método fluorimétrico é adequado para tal finalidade, sendo sugerida a sua oficialização no Brasil. Já a metodologia adaptada surge como uma alternativa eficiente e de custo acessível para determinação da atividade de ALP residual em queijo Minas Padrão, de acordo com o nível de exigência da FDA. Sugere-se, ainda, que no Brasil seja adotado um critério quantitativo referente à atividade de ALP residual em queijos.
In 2003, in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration established as legal limit the activity of 350 mU/Kg for milk products, and European legislations that adopted this limit for milk, study the change for other milk products. This research evaluated the sensibility and the linearity response of the fluorimetric and Rapid Scharer s methods in the determination of the of residual alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in Minas Padrão cheese. Another purpose was to develop an analytic methodology (Adapted Rapid Scharer s method) for detection of residual ALP activity in Minas Padrão cheese with sensibility corresponding of the fluorimetric method in the activity of 350 mU/Kg, however with smaller cost. Was appraised the residual ALP activity in commercial samples of this cheese type, verifying the acting of Adapted Rapid Scharer s method. The fluorimetric method presented appropriate in the determination of residual ALP activity in Minas Padrão cheese in agreement with the FDA limit. The same cannot be said for the Rapid Scharer s method, that detected as positive only samples with concentrations of raw milk added to the milk pasteurized larger to 0,5 % (activity corresponding to 8.849±797 mU/Kg and 2 µg of cheese fenol/g). The Adapted Rapid Scharer s method presented excellent correlation with the fluorimetric method in the strip of activity of 350 mU/Kg, and samples with approximate activity of 350 mU/Kg (corresponding to 0,010 %) were detected as positive. In commercial Minas Padrão cheese, was verified, by the fluorimetric method, that 81,25 % of the samples had larger activities to 350 mU/Kg. The same result was obtained by the Adapted Rapid Scharer s. Therefore, to evaluate the efficiency of the pasteurization of the milk destined to the production of Minas Padrão cheese isn t advisable the use of the Rapid Scharer s Method. The fluorimetric method is appropriate and is suggested your legalization in Brazil. The Adapted Rapid Scharer s appears as efficient alternative, of accessible cost, for determination of residual ALP activity in Minas Padrão cheese, in agreement with the level of international demand established for FDA. It s suggested that the quantitative criterion be adopted in Brazil.
In 2003, in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration established as legal limit the activity of 350 mU/Kg for milk products, and European legislations that adopted this limit for milk, study the change for other milk products. This research evaluated the sensibility and the linearity response of the fluorimetric and Rapid Scharer s methods in the determination of the of residual alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in Minas Padrão cheese. Another purpose was to develop an analytic methodology (Adapted Rapid Scharer s method) for detection of residual ALP activity in Minas Padrão cheese with sensibility corresponding of the fluorimetric method in the activity of 350 mU/Kg, however with smaller cost. Was appraised the residual ALP activity in commercial samples of this cheese type, verifying the acting of Adapted Rapid Scharer s method. The fluorimetric method presented appropriate in the determination of residual ALP activity in Minas Padrão cheese in agreement with the FDA limit. The same cannot be said for the Rapid Scharer s method, that detected as positive only samples with concentrations of raw milk added to the milk pasteurized larger to 0,5 % (activity corresponding to 8.849±797 mU/Kg and 2 µg of cheese fenol/g). The Adapted Rapid Scharer s method presented excellent correlation with the fluorimetric method in the strip of activity of 350 mU/Kg, and samples with approximate activity of 350 mU/Kg (corresponding to 0,010 %) were detected as positive. In commercial Minas Padrão cheese, was verified, by the fluorimetric method, that 81,25 % of the samples had larger activities to 350 mU/Kg. The same result was obtained by the Adapted Rapid Scharer s. Therefore, to evaluate the efficiency of the pasteurization of the milk destined to the production of Minas Padrão cheese isn t advisable the use of the Rapid Scharer s Method. The fluorimetric method is appropriate and is suggested your legalization in Brazil. The Adapted Rapid Scharer s appears as efficient alternative, of accessible cost, for determination of residual ALP activity in Minas Padrão cheese, in agreement with the level of international demand established for FDA. It s suggested that the quantitative criterion be adopted in Brazil.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fosfatase alcalina, Queijo Minas Padrão, Pasteurização, Alkaline Phosphatase, Minas Padrão Cheese, Pasteurization
Citação
MARTINS, Fabiana de Oliveira. Adaptation of the Rapid Scharer s Method for Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase in Minas Padrão Cheese in agreement with the International Demands. 2006. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência de Alimentos; Tecnologia de Alimentos; Engenharia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006.