Parâmetros enzimáticos e de tecidos de codornas alimentadas com dietas contendo diferentes relações de treonina com lisina
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2009-11-25
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O trabalho consistiu de duas fases, na primeira, objetivou-se determinar o efeito da idade sobre o perfil da aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e sobre a biometria do fígado de codornas poedeiras (Coturnix coturnix japonica) de 1 a 25 dias de idade. Na segunda fase, objetivou-se determinar o efeito da idade e o efeito da variação da relação treonina digestível:lisina digestível da dieta sobre a atividade da aspartato aminotransferase e alanina aminotransferase no fígado e no soro sanguíneo, sobre a biometria do fígado, as proteínas totais no fígado e soro e a albumina e globulinas no soro. Para a fase inicial, o delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com seis idades e cinco repetições, sendo cada animal uma unidade experimental. Aos 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 dias de idade cinco animais foram sacrificados e os fígados coletados, pesados, congelados em nitrogênio líquido e armazenados a -20ºC. Para a segunda fase, foram utilizadas 60 codornas de 57 dias de idade, distribuídas em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com relações treonina digestível: lisina digestível de 0,65, 0,75 e 0,85. Ao término de cada período experimental, foi selecionada uma ave ao acaso de cada repetição e sacrificada por deslocamento cervical. Os sangues e os fígados coletados foram imediatamente pesados. Aproximadamente 100 mg de cada fígado foi adicionado a 10 mL de água destilada e deionizada gelada e homogeneizado com a utilização de agitador Potter-Ev. As amostras foram então centrifugadas a 7500 x g por 10 minutos e o sobrenadante utilizado para as determinações das atividades das enzimas hepáticas alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e aspartato aminotransferase (AST). Para a obtenção do soro, o sangue, depois de coletado, foi deixado em repouso à temperatura ambiente, durante 15 minutos. Em seguida as amostras foram centrifugadas a 7500 x g, durante 10 minutos, sendo utilizado para a determinação das atividades enzimáticas de AST e ALT. As proteínas totais do fígado e soro foram determinadas pelo método espectrofotométrico de Lowry, sendo analisadas a 700 nm. Para a primeira fase o peso do fígado apresentou crescimento linear em função da idade e não aumentou na mesma proporção que o peso corporal das codornas nomesmo período de crescimento. As atividades totais da AST e ALTapresentaram crescimento linear em função da idade. A enzima AST apresentou maior atividade total em relação à enzima ALT. No primeiro dia de vida as enzimas AST e ALT já apresentaram atividades específicas consideráveis em relação às outras idades. A atividade por grama de fígado em função da idade de AST foi bem maior que a ALT em todas as idades. A atividade da enzima ALT por grama de peso corporal apresentou decréscimo linear em função da idade. Para a segunda fase, a variação da relação Thr:Lys na dieta interferiram na quantidade de proteínas totais, albumina e globulinas no soro. A relação de 0,85 treonina digestível:lisina digestível foi a que proporcionou melhor resultado para os níveis de albumina. Para a atividade de AST e ALT no soro, a relação de treonina digestível: lisina digestível de 0,75 foi a que produziu menor atividade para ambas as enzimas no soro, sendo a relação Thr:Lys recomendada. A AST no fígado, apresentou maior atividade na relação 0,75 caracterizando um ajuste metabólico.
The work was consisted of two experiments. In the first, it was aimed to determine the effect of the age on the profile of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and in the liver biometry of laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) from 1 to 25 days of age. In the second experiment, it was aimed to determine the effect of age and the variation of the diatery digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios in activity of liver and serum AST and ALT, liver biometry, liver and serum total proteins and serum albumin and globulins. For the initial experiment, the experimental designed was completely randomized, with six ages and five replicates, being each animal an experimental unit. At 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days of age five animals were sacrificed and livers were collected, weighted, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored to -20ºC. For the secondexperiment, 60 quails of 57 days old were used and distributed in split splots. The digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios were 0.65, 0.75 and 0.85. At the end of each experimental period, one bird of each replicate was selected and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood and liver were immediately weighted. To approximately 100 mg of the liver were added 10 mL of distillated and deionizated cold water and homogenized with Potter-Ev mixer. The samples were centrifuged 7500 x g for 10 minutes and the supernatant used for determinations of the activities of hepatic ALT and AST. The serum was obtained after blood clotting at room temperature for 15 minutes. After the samples were centrifuged 7500 x g, for 10 minutes, and the supernatant used to determine the activities of AST and ALT. The liver and serum total proteins were determine by the Lowry method at 700 nm. For the first experiment the weight of the liver presented linear growth in function of age and it not increase in the same proportion of corporal weight in the same growth period. The total activities of AST and ALT presented linear growth in function of x the age. AST presented higher total activity in relation to the ALT. At the first day of age AST and ALT presented considerable specific activities in relation older ages. AST activity per gram of liver in function of the age was much higher than ALT in all ages. ALT per gram of corporal weight presented linear decrease in function of age. For the second experiment, the variation of the digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios in the diet interfered in the amount of serum total proteins, albumin and globulins. Digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratio 0.85 provided better result for albumin levels. For serum AST and ALT activities, the 0.75 digestible threonine: digestible lysine ratios produced smaller activity for both enzymes. Liver AST, presented higher activity 0.75 ratio characterizing a metabolic adjustment. In conclusion the ratio recommended was 0.75.
The work was consisted of two experiments. In the first, it was aimed to determine the effect of the age on the profile of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and in the liver biometry of laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) from 1 to 25 days of age. In the second experiment, it was aimed to determine the effect of age and the variation of the diatery digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios in activity of liver and serum AST and ALT, liver biometry, liver and serum total proteins and serum albumin and globulins. For the initial experiment, the experimental designed was completely randomized, with six ages and five replicates, being each animal an experimental unit. At 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days of age five animals were sacrificed and livers were collected, weighted, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored to -20ºC. For the secondexperiment, 60 quails of 57 days old were used and distributed in split splots. The digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios were 0.65, 0.75 and 0.85. At the end of each experimental period, one bird of each replicate was selected and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood and liver were immediately weighted. To approximately 100 mg of the liver were added 10 mL of distillated and deionizated cold water and homogenized with Potter-Ev mixer. The samples were centrifuged 7500 x g for 10 minutes and the supernatant used for determinations of the activities of hepatic ALT and AST. The serum was obtained after blood clotting at room temperature for 15 minutes. After the samples were centrifuged 7500 x g, for 10 minutes, and the supernatant used to determine the activities of AST and ALT. The liver and serum total proteins were determine by the Lowry method at 700 nm. For the first experiment the weight of the liver presented linear growth in function of age and it not increase in the same proportion of corporal weight in the same growth period. The total activities of AST and ALT presented linear growth in function of x the age. AST presented higher total activity in relation to the ALT. At the first day of age AST and ALT presented considerable specific activities in relation older ages. AST activity per gram of liver in function of the age was much higher than ALT in all ages. ALT per gram of corporal weight presented linear decrease in function of age. For the second experiment, the variation of the digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios in the diet interfered in the amount of serum total proteins, albumin and globulins. Digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratio 0.85 provided better result for albumin levels. For serum AST and ALT activities, the 0.75 digestible threonine: digestible lysine ratios produced smaller activity for both enzymes. Liver AST, presented higher activity 0.75 ratio characterizing a metabolic adjustment. In conclusion the ratio recommended was 0.75.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dieta, Codorna, Treonina, Diet, Quails, Threonine
Citação
BARBOSA, Anderson de Almeida. Enzimatic and tissue parameters of quails fed with
diets containing different threonine with lysine ratios. 2009. 97 f. Tese (Doutorado em Bioquímica e Biologia molecular de plantas; Bioquímica e Biologia molecular animal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2009.