A representação de interesses na construção sociopolítica do setor de energia eólica no Brasil
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Data
2019-02-05
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a organização política do mercado de energia eólica no Brasil. A pesquisa se concentrou na hipótese de que os grupos de interesses posicionados no mercado de energia eólica brasileiro buscam diversas formas de representação política e agem estrategicamente para pautar a agenda governamental em diferentes níveis. No esforço de influenciar a tomada de decisão dos agentes públicos, os grupos de interesse constroem estruturas de relações sociais e utilizam recursos financeiros, informacionais e organizacionais ao ponto de formarem um subsistema político que atrela interesses públicos e privados. Nesse sentido, o percurso da pesquisa contou com a investigação das interações entre grupos econômicos e políticos em múltiplas arenas de interesse como: a arena de disputa eleitoral; a esfera legislativa, onde executivo e legislativo atuam como entes reguladores da operação do setor de eólica por meio de leis; as audiências públicas da Comissão de Minas e Energia na Câmara dos Deputados, arena onde políticas públicas do setor são discutidas; as audiências públicas da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica, arena onde a regulação do setor energético é executada e onde os grupos de interesse buscam influenciar diretamente. Conclui-se, com a síntese do trabalho, que o subsistema político em torno das políticas públicas da energia eólica é um campo que surgiu a partir de interesses econômicos já estabelecidos, e que as arenas políticas apresentaram diferentes permeabilidades ao interesses privados, ora pendendo para uma relação clientelista, ora declinando para o insulamento burocrático, padrão de interação que rememora uma forma particular de relação entre Estado e sociedade fomentada historicamente pelas instituições políticas e econômicas brasileiras.
The present dissertation aims to analyze the political organization of wind energy sector in Brazil. The research focused on hypothesis that the interest groups positioned in the Brazilian wind energy market seek diverse forms of political representation and act strategically to guide the governmental agenda at different levels. In the effort to influence the decision making of public agents, interest groups build structures of social relations and use financial, informational and organizational resources to form a political subsystem that binds public and private interests. In this sense, the course of research counted on the investigation of interactions between economic and political groups in multiple arenas of interest as: the arena of electoral dispute; the legislative sphere, where executive and legislative influence the operation of the wind sector by means of laws; the public hearings of Committee on Mines and Energy in the Chamber of Deputies, an arena where public sector policies are discussed; the public hearings of the National Electric Energy Agency, an arena where energy sector regulation is carried out and where interest groups seek to influence directly. It is concluded, with the synthesis of the work, that the political subsystem around the public policies of the wind energy is a field that arose from already established economic interests, and that the political arenas presented different permeabilities to private interests, sometimes hanging to a clientelist relationship, sometimes declining to the bureaucratic insulation, a pattern of interaction that recalls a particular form of relationship between State and society fostered historically by Brazilian political and economic institutions.
The present dissertation aims to analyze the political organization of wind energy sector in Brazil. The research focused on hypothesis that the interest groups positioned in the Brazilian wind energy market seek diverse forms of political representation and act strategically to guide the governmental agenda at different levels. In the effort to influence the decision making of public agents, interest groups build structures of social relations and use financial, informational and organizational resources to form a political subsystem that binds public and private interests. In this sense, the course of research counted on the investigation of interactions between economic and political groups in multiple arenas of interest as: the arena of electoral dispute; the legislative sphere, where executive and legislative influence the operation of the wind sector by means of laws; the public hearings of Committee on Mines and Energy in the Chamber of Deputies, an arena where public sector policies are discussed; the public hearings of the National Electric Energy Agency, an arena where energy sector regulation is carried out and where interest groups seek to influence directly. It is concluded, with the synthesis of the work, that the political subsystem around the public policies of the wind energy is a field that arose from already established economic interests, and that the political arenas presented different permeabilities to private interests, sometimes hanging to a clientelist relationship, sometimes declining to the bureaucratic insulation, a pattern of interaction that recalls a particular form of relationship between State and society fostered historically by Brazilian political and economic institutions.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lobby - Brasil, Grupos de pressão - Brasil, Energia eólica - Brasil, Política Pública - Brasil, Audiências públicas
Citação
SOARES, Ítalo Nogueira. A representação de interesses na construção sociopolítica do setor de energia eólica no Brasil. 2019. 167 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Administração) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2019.