Efeitos do treinamento resistido prévio à indução da dor crônica em biomarcadores centrais e periféricos em um modelo experimental de fibromialgia
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2024-06-28
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do treinamento resistido (TR) prévio à indução da dor crônica por meio de biomarcadores centrais e periféricos em um modelo experimental de fibromialgia. Para tal, foram utilizadas ratas Wistar com 12 meses de idade, alocadas em 4 grupos diferentes, com 8 animais em cada. Os grupos foram divididos em Não Treinado Salina Neutra (NTN), Não Treinado Salina Ácida (NTA), Treinamento Resistido Salina Neutra (TRN) e Treinamento Resistido Salina Ácida (TRA). Os animais TRN e TRA foram submetidos a um protocolo de TR com escaladas em escada vertical, 3 vezes por semana, durante 14 semanas, com carga de 75% da Carga Máxima Suportada (CMS). Para avaliar o desempenho físico dos animais, foram realizados 2 testes de CMS, o primeiro antes do início do protocolo de TR, e o outro antes da indução da hiperalgesia. Para o desenvolvimento da dor crônica semelhante à da fibromialgia, foram aplicados, após 10 semanas de TR, 100µl de salina ácida estéril (pH 4,0) no músculo gastrocnêmio esquerdo dos animais dos grupos NTA e TRA; nos grupos NTN e TRN foi realizado o mesmo procedimento, porém com solução salina neutra, pH de 7,4. A hiperalgesia mecânica foi avaliada utilizando-se o estesiômetro eletrônico (Von Frey digital) em 5 momentos: linha de base, pré injeção salina, 2, 10 e 18 dias pós injeção salina. A Interleucina 6 (IL-6), Interleucina 10 (IL-10) e Substância P (SP) no plasma foram analisadas em 2 momentos, o primeiro após 10 semanas do protocolo de TR e o segundo no momento da eutanásia dos animais. Foram analisadas, também, a IL-6 e a IL-10 no tecido muscular (gastrocnêmio) e a serotonina no tálamo dos animais. Todas as análises foram realizadas por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA). Os dados foram estudados por meio da análise de variância ANOVA Two-way, seguida pelo teste de post-hoc de Tukey. O tamanho do efeito (effect size – ES) foi calculado utilizando-se o índice d de Cohen (1988). Para verificar a correlação dos resultados, foi aplicado o Teste de Correlação de Pearson. Os dados foram apresentados como média ± DP e o valor de p ˂ 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significante. Os resultados mostraram que os animais que realizaram o TR apresentaram melhor desempenho no teste físico de CMS (p ˂ 0,05) em comparação aos animais que não treinaram. Nos 2 momentos em que a hiperalgesia mecânica foi avaliada antes da aplicação da salina ácida, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p ˃ 0,05). Após a indução da hiperalgesia observou-se que os animais que realizaram o TR prévio apresentaram menor hiperalgesia mecânica que o grupo NTA (p ˂ 0,05). Nas análises sanguíneas de IL-6, IL-10 e SP, não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos experimentais (p ˃ 0,05). Nas análises musculares, observou-se um aumento significativo (p ˂ 0,05) na concentração de IL-6 no grupo NTA em relação ao NTN e TRA. O resultado foi semelhante para IL-10, em que o grupo NTA apresentou maior concentração deste marcador em relação aos grupos NTN e TRA (p ˂ 0,05). A concentração de serotonina no tálamo dos animais foi estatisticamente maior (p ˂ 0,05) nos grupos que realizaram o TR prévio em comparação aos grupos não treinados. Concluiu-se que o TR prévio utilizando a escada vertical foi capaz de minimizar a hiperalgesia mecânica experimentada pelas ratas após a aplicação de salina ácida, por meio da modulação de biomarcadores centrais (via serotoninérgica) e periféricos (liberação de IL-6 e IL-10 no músculo esquelético). Palavras-Chave: Exercício físico. Dor crônica. Fibromialgia. Citocinas. Serotonina.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) prior to chronic pain induction through central and peripheral biomarkers in an experimental model. of fibromyalgia. For such, was used Wistar mice with 12 months old, allocated in 4 different groups with 8 animals each. The groups were divided in Untrained Neutral Saline (UNS), Untrained Acid Saline (UAS), Resisted Training Neutral Saline (RTN) and Resisted Training Acid Saline (RTA). The animals RTN and RTA were submitted to a RT protocol with climbing in vertical ladders, 3 times a week, during 14 weeks, with a load of 75% of maximum load tests supported (MLS). To evaluate the physical performance of the animals, it was made 2 MLS tests, being the first before the beginning of the RT protocol, and the other before the hyperalgesia induction. For the development of chronic pain similar to fibromyalgia, after 10 weeks of RT, 100µl of sterile acid saline (pH 4.0) were applied to the left gastrocnemius muscle of the animals from the groups UAS and RTA; In the groups UNS and RTN was realized the same procedure, but with neutral saline solution, pH 7.4. The mechanical hyperalgesia was evaluated using the electronic esthesiometer (Von Frey digital) at 5 moments: baseline, pre saline injection, 2, 10 and 18 days post saline injection. The Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and P Substance (PS) in plasma were analyzed in 2 moments, the first after 10 weeks of RT protocol and the second in euthanasia of the animals. It was analyzed also, the IL-6 and IL-10 in muscle tissue (gastrocnemius) and the serotonin in animals ‘thalamus. All of the analysis was made through enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The data were studied through variance analysis ANOVA Two-way, followed by the post-hoc test of Tukey. The size of effect (effect size-ES) was calculated suing the Cohen’s index (1988). To check the correlation of the results, it was applied the Correlation Test of Pearson. The data was presented as average ± DP and the value of p <0,05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that the animals that made the RT, presented a better performance in MLS physical test (p<0,05) compared to the animals that did not trained. In the 2 moments that the hyperalgesia was evaluated before the application of acid saline, it was not noticed significative differences between the groups (P>0,05). After the inductions of hyperalgesia, it was observed that the animals that made de previous RT showed less mechanical hyperalgesia than the UAS group(p<0,05). In the blood analysis of IL-6, IL-10 and PS, there were no significative differences between the experimental groups (p>0,05). In the muscle analysis, it was observed a significative increase (p<0,05) in concentration of IL-6 on UAS group in relation to UNS and RTA. The result was similar for IL-10, in which the UAS group presented a higher concentration of this marker in relation to UNS and RTA groups (p<0,05). The concentration of serotonin on animals ‘thalamus was statistically higher (p<0,05) in the groups that made the previous RT compared to the untrained groups. We conclude that the previous RT using the vertical climbing was able to minimize the mechanical hyperalgesia experienced by the rats after the application of acid saline, through the modulation of central (serotonergic pathway) and peripheral (release of IL-6 and IL-10 in skeletal muscle) biomarkers. Keywords: Physical Exercise. Chronic Pain. Fibromyalgia. Cytokines. Serotonin.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) prior to chronic pain induction through central and peripheral biomarkers in an experimental model. of fibromyalgia. For such, was used Wistar mice with 12 months old, allocated in 4 different groups with 8 animals each. The groups were divided in Untrained Neutral Saline (UNS), Untrained Acid Saline (UAS), Resisted Training Neutral Saline (RTN) and Resisted Training Acid Saline (RTA). The animals RTN and RTA were submitted to a RT protocol with climbing in vertical ladders, 3 times a week, during 14 weeks, with a load of 75% of maximum load tests supported (MLS). To evaluate the physical performance of the animals, it was made 2 MLS tests, being the first before the beginning of the RT protocol, and the other before the hyperalgesia induction. For the development of chronic pain similar to fibromyalgia, after 10 weeks of RT, 100µl of sterile acid saline (pH 4.0) were applied to the left gastrocnemius muscle of the animals from the groups UAS and RTA; In the groups UNS and RTN was realized the same procedure, but with neutral saline solution, pH 7.4. The mechanical hyperalgesia was evaluated using the electronic esthesiometer (Von Frey digital) at 5 moments: baseline, pre saline injection, 2, 10 and 18 days post saline injection. The Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and P Substance (PS) in plasma were analyzed in 2 moments, the first after 10 weeks of RT protocol and the second in euthanasia of the animals. It was analyzed also, the IL-6 and IL-10 in muscle tissue (gastrocnemius) and the serotonin in animals ‘thalamus. All of the analysis was made through enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The data were studied through variance analysis ANOVA Two-way, followed by the post-hoc test of Tukey. The size of effect (effect size-ES) was calculated suing the Cohen’s index (1988). To check the correlation of the results, it was applied the Correlation Test of Pearson. The data was presented as average ± DP and the value of p <0,05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that the animals that made the RT, presented a better performance in MLS physical test (p<0,05) compared to the animals that did not trained. In the 2 moments that the hyperalgesia was evaluated before the application of acid saline, it was not noticed significative differences between the groups (P>0,05). After the inductions of hyperalgesia, it was observed that the animals that made de previous RT showed less mechanical hyperalgesia than the UAS group(p<0,05). In the blood analysis of IL-6, IL-10 and PS, there were no significative differences between the experimental groups (p>0,05). In the muscle analysis, it was observed a significative increase (p<0,05) in concentration of IL-6 on UAS group in relation to UNS and RTA. The result was similar for IL-10, in which the UAS group presented a higher concentration of this marker in relation to UNS and RTA groups (p<0,05). The concentration of serotonin on animals ‘thalamus was statistically higher (p<0,05) in the groups that made the previous RT compared to the untrained groups. We conclude that the previous RT using the vertical climbing was able to minimize the mechanical hyperalgesia experienced by the rats after the application of acid saline, through the modulation of central (serotonergic pathway) and peripheral (release of IL-6 and IL-10 in skeletal muscle) biomarkers. Keywords: Physical Exercise. Chronic Pain. Fibromyalgia. Cytokines. Serotonin.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Exercícios físicos - Aspectos da saúde, Dor crônica, Fibromialgia, Citocinas, Serotonina
Citação
CHIAPETA, Andrês Valente. Efeitos do treinamento resistido prévio à indução da dor crônica em biomarcadores centrais e periféricos em um modelo experimental de fibromialgia. 2024. 89 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação Física) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.