Eficiência de utilização de nutrientes por cultivares de cafeeiro
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2011-02-22
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Ciência Rural
Resumo
Elucidar as diferenças nas exigências nutricionais entre as cultivares é uma forma de obter maior produtividade e otimizar o uso de fertilizantes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência na produção de raiz e parte aérea por unidade absorvida de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu e Zn em quatro cultivares de cafeeiro arábico ('Acaiá IAC-474-19', 'Icatu Amarelo IAC-3282', 'Rubi Mg-1192' e 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC-99'). Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em condições de campo, no Campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, durante dois anos, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 4x3, constituído de quatro cultivares e três níveis de adubação (baixo, normal e alto), com quatro repetições. As plantas que constituíram o nível normal receberam adubação baseada na marcha de acúmulo de nutrientes em café arábica. Nos níveis de adubação baixo e alto, as plantas receberam, respectivamente, 0,4 e 1,4 vezes a recomendação de adubação feita para o nível normal. A eficiência de utilização de nutrientes para produção de raízes foi diferenciada entre as cultivares quando houve restrição na quantidade de adubos fornecidos (nível baixo), não havendo diferenças entre elas quando se empregou dose normal e alta de fertilizantes. A eficiência na produção de raízes por unidade de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S absorvidos foi maior na cultivar 'Acaiá IAC-474-19' e menor na 'Rubi Mg-1192'. Conclui-se que a eficiência de utilização de nutrientes para produção de raízes e uso de nutrientes pela parte aérea de cafeeiros foi diferenciada entre cultivares.
To elucidate the differences in the nutritional requirements among the cultivated varieties of plant species is a form of obtaining higher productivity and to optimize the fertilizer use. This work had as objective to evaluate the root and shoot production efficiency of four arabic coffee cultivars ('Acaiá IAC 474-19', 'Icatú Amarelo IAC-3282', 'Rubi Mg-1192' and 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99') per unit of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu and Zn absorbed. For this purpose an experiment was carried out in field conditions at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. The treatments were settled in a 4x3 factorial arrangement (four cultivars and three fertilization levels; low, normal and high) in randomized blocks with four replications. The plants of the normal fertilization level received fertilization based on previously determined coffee plant recruitment. The plants of the levels low and high received, respectively, 0.4 and 1.4 times the normal fertilization doses. The efficiency of production of roots was differentiated among them cultivate when there was restriction in the amount of supplied fertilizers (low level), did not have differences among them when normal and high dose of fertilizers was used. When cultivate in the low fertilization level 'Acaiá IAC 474-19' presented highest efficiency to the production of roots per unit of N, P, K, Ca Mg and S absorbed, while in the some condition 'Rubi Mg-1192' presented the smallest. It was concluded that efficiency of utilization of nutrients for root and shoot productions were differentiated among cultivars.
To elucidate the differences in the nutritional requirements among the cultivated varieties of plant species is a form of obtaining higher productivity and to optimize the fertilizer use. This work had as objective to evaluate the root and shoot production efficiency of four arabic coffee cultivars ('Acaiá IAC 474-19', 'Icatú Amarelo IAC-3282', 'Rubi Mg-1192' and 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99') per unit of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu and Zn absorbed. For this purpose an experiment was carried out in field conditions at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. The treatments were settled in a 4x3 factorial arrangement (four cultivars and three fertilization levels; low, normal and high) in randomized blocks with four replications. The plants of the normal fertilization level received fertilization based on previously determined coffee plant recruitment. The plants of the levels low and high received, respectively, 0.4 and 1.4 times the normal fertilization doses. The efficiency of production of roots was differentiated among them cultivate when there was restriction in the amount of supplied fertilizers (low level), did not have differences among them when normal and high dose of fertilizers was used. When cultivate in the low fertilization level 'Acaiá IAC 474-19' presented highest efficiency to the production of roots per unit of N, P, K, Ca Mg and S absorbed, while in the some condition 'Rubi Mg-1192' presented the smallest. It was concluded that efficiency of utilization of nutrients for root and shoot productions were differentiated among cultivars.
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Coffea arabica L., Nutrição mineral, Eficiência nutricional, Fertilizantes