Avaliação dos alertas de salmonela sobre o comércio internacional brasileiro
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Revista de Economia e Agronegócio (REA)
Abstract
Este estudo examinou a influência das notificações sanitárias e fitossanitárias (SPS) com conteúdo salmonela sobre as exportações agrícolas brasileiras, entre 2000 e 2020. Tais medidas podem apresentar resultados negativos, ao se relacionar com os altos custos de conformidade enfrentados pelo exportador, para garantir que sua produção garanta a segurança ao consumidor; ou positivos, ao reduzir as assimetrias de informação e ampliar os envios para os parceiros comerciais. O efeito predominante, positivo ou negativo, é uma questão empírica. Foi realizado, primeiro, uma análise descritiva para caracterizar as medidas SPS com conteúdo salmonela. Posteriormente, procedeu-se à análise econométrica a partir do modelo gravitacional. Constatou-se que os países desenvolvidos são aqueles que mais emitem notificações, e que grande parte das medidas ocorreram para produtos vegetais, o que não era esperado, dada a recorrente associação da salmonela aos produtos de origem animal. Pela análise econométrica, obteve-se o resultado de que as notificações SPS afetam as exportações brasileiras de forma negativa. Ou seja, a incidência de medida SPS relativa à salmonela tende a reduzir as exportações de bens agrícolas brasileiras.
This study examined the influence of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) notifications with salmonella content on Brazilian agricultural exports between 2000 and 2020. Such measures can present negative results, as they are related to the high compliance costs faced by the exporter, to ensure that its production guarantees consumer safety; or positive, by reducing information asymmetries and expanding shipments to commercial partners. The predominant effect, positive or negative, is an empirical question. First, a descriptive analysis was carried out to characterize the SPS measurements with salmonella content. Subsequently, an econometric analysis was carried out using the gravity model. It was found that developed countries are those that issue the most notifications, and that most of the measures occurred for plant products, which was not expected, given the recurrent association of salmonella with products of animal origin. Through econometric analysis, the result was obtained that SPS notifications negatively affect Brazilian exports. In other words, the incidence of the SPS measure relating to salmonella tends to reduce exports of Brazilian agricultural goods.
This study examined the influence of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) notifications with salmonella content on Brazilian agricultural exports between 2000 and 2020. Such measures can present negative results, as they are related to the high compliance costs faced by the exporter, to ensure that its production guarantees consumer safety; or positive, by reducing information asymmetries and expanding shipments to commercial partners. The predominant effect, positive or negative, is an empirical question. First, a descriptive analysis was carried out to characterize the SPS measurements with salmonella content. Subsequently, an econometric analysis was carried out using the gravity model. It was found that developed countries are those that issue the most notifications, and that most of the measures occurred for plant products, which was not expected, given the recurrent association of salmonella with products of animal origin. Through econometric analysis, the result was obtained that SPS notifications negatively affect Brazilian exports. In other words, the incidence of the SPS measure relating to salmonella tends to reduce exports of Brazilian agricultural goods.
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MACHADO, Gabriel Heibel; MARTINS, Michelle Márcia Viana; PINTO, Victor Henrique Lana. Avaliação dos alertas de salmonela sobre o comércio internacional brasileiro. Revista de Economia e Agronegócio, Viçosa, v. 22, n. 1, p. 01-30, 2024.
