Perfil da implantação de cisticercos de Taenia saginata em sítios musculares não usuais e sua importância para a Saúde Pública
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Data
2018-01
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Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira
Resumo
A cisticercose bovina é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial. No Brasil, o controle é realizado através do diagnóstico anatomopatológico durante a inspeção post-mortem nos matadouros. Objetivou-se neste estudo determinar a localização de cisticercos nos tecidos rotineiramente inspecionados e sobretudo nos tecidos não rotineiramente inspecionados, verificando a viabilidade dos cisticercos em bovinos infectados de forma experimental (grupo 1) e natural (grupo 2) com ovos de Taenia saginata. Em ambos os grupos foram analisados os tecidos rotineiramente inspecionados nas linhas de inspeção, de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos na legislação do Brasil. Adicionalmente, no grupo 1 foram selecionadas outras regiões anatômicas, representadas por quatro cortes comerciais (acém, alcatra, contrafilé, paleta), além do fígado, esôfago, diafragma e pilares. Com relação à frequência dos cisticercos no grupo 1, nos cortes comerciais, foram encontrados 8,2% de cisticercos no acém, 6,6% na paleta, 6,2% no contrafilé e 5,8% na alcatra. Outros tecidos não rotineiramente inspecionados para a exclusiva pesquisa por cisticercos que apresentaram lesões foram o diafragma, fígado e o esôfago, com 2,7%, 12,0% e 1,2% respectivamente. No grupo 1, os sítios rotineiramente inspecionados predominantes foram o coração (37,7%), músculos mastigatórios (17,1%) e língua (2,3%). No grupo 2 foram encontrados 61,8% dos cisticercos totais no coração, seguido dos músculos mastigatórios (38,2%) e fígado (10,2%). Com relação à viabilidade dos cisticercos no grupo 1, os viáveis predominaram na alcatra (80,0%), diafragma (71,4%) e esôfago (66,7%), já os cisticercos inviáveis predominaram nos músculos mastigatórios (77,3%), coração (76,3%), fígado (71,0%) e língua (50%). No grupo 2, o fígado apresentou 87,5% de cisticercos inviáveis, seguidos da língua (66,7%) e coração (63,2%), e nos tecidos mastigatórios foram encontrados 68,3% de cisticercos viáveis (68,3%). O alto percentual de cisticercos viáveis encontrado nos cortes comerciais, inclusive nos bovinos naturalmente infectados, representa um alerta para a Saúde Pública, pois, no Brasil, são frequentemente consumidos sem sofrer o devido tratamento térmico para inativação do cisticerco, aumentando consideravelmente a chance de infecção por teniose. Os resultados revelaram amplo perfil da manifestação anatomopatológica da cisticercose em diferentes tecidos de bovinos experimentalmente e naturalmente infectados, considerando-se tecidos musculares rotineiramente inspecionados ou não. Assim, o aprimoramento da inspeção sanitária das carcaças bovinas pode incrementar o controle do complexo teniose-cisticercose, diminuindo os riscos para a saúde pública.
Cysticercosis is a worldwide zoonosis, which demands proper control and monitoring during all beef production chain. In Brazil, the key point for controlling this zoonosis is the anatomopathological exam conducted in slaughterhouses during the post-morten inspection. This study aimed to describe the cysticerci location in tissues not usually examined during the inspection, and to check their viability in bovines infected with Taenia saginata eggs (group 1: experimental; group 2: natural). After slaughtering, animal from both groups were routinely examined for cysticercosis, according official Brazilian standards; group 1 animals were also examined in additional anatomic regions: end cuts (chuck, rump, strip loin, and shoulder), liver, esophagus, diaphragm and pillars. In group 1, cysticerci were identified in chuck (8.2%), shoulder (6.6%), strip loin (6.2%), and rump (5.8%), and also in tissues that are not usually considered during routine inspection, such as diaphragm (2.7%), liver (12.0%) and esophagus (1.2%). Still in group 1, the routine inspection identified cysticerci in hearth (37.7%), head muscles (17.1%), and tongue (2.3%). In group 2, cysticerci were identified in hearth (61.8%), head muscles (38.2%), and liver (10.2%). The viability of cysticerci were predominant in rump (80.0%), diaphragm (71.4%) and esophagus (66.7%) in animals from group 1, while non-viable cysticerci were more frequent in head muscles (77.3%), hearth (76.3%), liver (71.0%), and tongue (50.0%). In group 2, head muscles presented 68.3% of the viable cysticerci, while non-viable cysticerci were identified in liver (87.5%), tongue (66.7%), and hearth (63.2%). The high frequencies of viable cysticerci in end cuts available for consumers, including natural infected bovines, is a Public Health concern, once in Brazil these products were usually consumed without proper heat treatment, increasing the risks of T. saginata infection. The obtained results demonstrated the anatomopathological distribution of cysticercosis in different tissues in experimental and natural infected bovines, considering tissues that are routinely and not routinely examined during inspection. Then, the inspection procedures could be improved by adding such analysis in its routine procedures, in order to increase the proper control of the taeniasis-cysiticercosis complex and to decrease the Public Health risks.
Cysticercosis is a worldwide zoonosis, which demands proper control and monitoring during all beef production chain. In Brazil, the key point for controlling this zoonosis is the anatomopathological exam conducted in slaughterhouses during the post-morten inspection. This study aimed to describe the cysticerci location in tissues not usually examined during the inspection, and to check their viability in bovines infected with Taenia saginata eggs (group 1: experimental; group 2: natural). After slaughtering, animal from both groups were routinely examined for cysticercosis, according official Brazilian standards; group 1 animals were also examined in additional anatomic regions: end cuts (chuck, rump, strip loin, and shoulder), liver, esophagus, diaphragm and pillars. In group 1, cysticerci were identified in chuck (8.2%), shoulder (6.6%), strip loin (6.2%), and rump (5.8%), and also in tissues that are not usually considered during routine inspection, such as diaphragm (2.7%), liver (12.0%) and esophagus (1.2%). Still in group 1, the routine inspection identified cysticerci in hearth (37.7%), head muscles (17.1%), and tongue (2.3%). In group 2, cysticerci were identified in hearth (61.8%), head muscles (38.2%), and liver (10.2%). The viability of cysticerci were predominant in rump (80.0%), diaphragm (71.4%) and esophagus (66.7%) in animals from group 1, while non-viable cysticerci were more frequent in head muscles (77.3%), hearth (76.3%), liver (71.0%), and tongue (50.0%). In group 2, head muscles presented 68.3% of the viable cysticerci, while non-viable cysticerci were identified in liver (87.5%), tongue (66.7%), and hearth (63.2%). The high frequencies of viable cysticerci in end cuts available for consumers, including natural infected bovines, is a Public Health concern, once in Brazil these products were usually consumed without proper heat treatment, increasing the risks of T. saginata infection. The obtained results demonstrated the anatomopathological distribution of cysticercosis in different tissues in experimental and natural infected bovines, considering tissues that are routinely and not routinely examined during inspection. Then, the inspection procedures could be improved by adding such analysis in its routine procedures, in order to increase the proper control of the taeniasis-cysiticercosis complex and to decrease the Public Health risks.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cisticercose bovina, Prevenção, Inspeção rotineira, Cisticerco, Taenia saginata, Saúde pública, Parasitoses, Bovine cysticercosis, Prevention, Routine inspection, Taenia saginata