Carga endossimbionte e personalidade do caruncho do milho (Sitophilus zeamais)
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O conjunto integrado de tendências comportamentais do indivíduo, ou sua personalidade, é potencialmente influenciado por contextos ecológicos como a presença de endossimbiontes. Tal associação e interdependência foram supostamente selecionadas ao acaso por meio de compensações ecológicas com custos e benefícios díspares. Apesar de sua relevância, o tema tem sido negligenciado em espécies de insetos-praga, como o gorgulho do milho, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Assim o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a personalidade em indivíduos de S. zeamais sob diferentes cargas dos endosimbiontes Sodalis pierantonius (ou SPE ‘‘Sitophilus Primary Endosymbiont’’) e Wolbachia, correlacionando os traços de personalidade do gorgulho com seu desempenho reprodutivo. Para isso, fêmeas individualizadas com idade padronizada foram submetidas a bioensaios comportamentais antes e após a administração oral dos antibióticos ciprofloxacino e tetraciclina (5μl, 25 mg/ml). A progênie de cada fêmea foi obtida e submetida individualmente aos mesmos bioensaios após três dias de emergência. Em seguida foi realizada a extração de DNA de cada indivíduo e posteriormente a carga endossimbionte foi quantificada através de PCR em tempo real (qPCR). Independente do antibiótico utilizado, a personalidade das progenitoras foi mantida após a supressão endossimbionte (P < 0,001), no entanto, não foi carreada à próxima geração (P = 0,41). Somente a redução da carga do endossimbionte S. pierantonius foi herdada pela progênie (P = 0,02). Além disso, somente a personalidade contribuiu na determinação da fertilidade (P < 0,001).
The integrated set of behavioral tendencies of the individual, or its personality, is potentially influenced by ecological contexts such as the presence of endosymbionts. Such association and interdependence were likely selected randomly through ecological compensations with disparate costs and benefits. Despite its relevance, the subject has so far been neglected in insect pest species such as the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the personality in individuals of S. zeamais under different loads of the endosymbionts Sodalis pierantonius (or SPE ‘‘Sitophilus Primary Endosymbiont’’) and Wolbachia, correlating the weevil personality traits with reproductive performance. Thus, individualized females with standardized age were subjected to behavioral bioassays before and after oral administration of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and tetracycline (5μl, 25 mg/ml). The progeny of each female was obtained and individually subjected to the same bioassays three days after emergence. Finally, DNA was extracted from each individual and the endosymbiont load was quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Regardless the antibiotic used, the personality of the progenitors was maintained after endosymbiont suppression (P < 0.001). However, the personality traits were not carried to the next generation (P = 0.41). Only the reduction of the endosymbiont S. pierantonius was inherited by the progeny (P = 0.02). In addition, just personality contributed to the insect fertility (P < 0.001).
The integrated set of behavioral tendencies of the individual, or its personality, is potentially influenced by ecological contexts such as the presence of endosymbionts. Such association and interdependence were likely selected randomly through ecological compensations with disparate costs and benefits. Despite its relevance, the subject has so far been neglected in insect pest species such as the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the personality in individuals of S. zeamais under different loads of the endosymbionts Sodalis pierantonius (or SPE ‘‘Sitophilus Primary Endosymbiont’’) and Wolbachia, correlating the weevil personality traits with reproductive performance. Thus, individualized females with standardized age were subjected to behavioral bioassays before and after oral administration of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and tetracycline (5μl, 25 mg/ml). The progeny of each female was obtained and individually subjected to the same bioassays three days after emergence. Finally, DNA was extracted from each individual and the endosymbiont load was quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Regardless the antibiotic used, the personality of the progenitors was maintained after endosymbiont suppression (P < 0.001). However, the personality traits were not carried to the next generation (P = 0.41). Only the reduction of the endosymbiont S. pierantonius was inherited by the progeny (P = 0.02). In addition, just personality contributed to the insect fertility (P < 0.001).
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VIEIRA, Juliana Lívia. Carga endossimbionte e personalidade do caruncho do milho (Sitophilus zeamais). 2017. 31 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2017.
