Efetividade de manejo das RPPNS, localizadas na área de proteção ambiental de Macaé de Cima, Nova Friburgo, RJ
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O processo de expansão das ocupações humanas no Brasil foi acentuado ao decorrer dos anos, causando graves interferências no meio ambiente, as quais podem ser observadas em áreas protegidas. No Brasil, o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (SNUC), é o instrumento que estabelece a criação, implantação e gestão das unidades de conservação (UCs). A efetividade de gestão dessas áreas protegidas, tem um papel importante no alcance dos objetivos, pois permite identificar as principais tendências e aspectos que necessitam ser considerados para melhorar a gestão e o manejo. Entre as categorias de UCs estabelecidas pelo SNUC, destaca-se a Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN), que é a única de domínio privado, e tem apresentado significativo crescimento ao longo dos anos. Nova Friburgo é o município com mais RPPNs no estado do Rio de Janeiro, e grande parte dessas reservas estão localizadas dentro de outra Uc, a Área de Proteção Ambiental de Macaé de Cima (APAMC), que tem grande importância na preservação da biodiversidade. Neste contexto, objetivou-se caracterizar e avaliar a gestão e manejo das RPPNs localizadas na APAMC, de forma a gerar subsídios para o planejamento de estratégias de conservação. O estudo foi conduzido em 11 das 15 RPPNs localizadas dentro dos limites da APAMC. Utilizou- se indicadores, subdivididos em âmbitos e variáveis, para avaliação da efetividade de manejo. Os indicadores foram selecionados previamente, e então construídos cenários ótimos para cada um, e esses foram associados a uma escala padrão. A efetividade de manejo foi obtida mediante a integração e comparação em uma matriz de dupla entrada, dos resultados quantitativos. Como resultados, constatou-se que a maioria dos proprietários destinou mais de 40% de sua propriedade para a criação da RPPN. Apenas 9,1% das reservas conseguiram obter o nível mediano de classificação, 54,5% foram classificadas como nível inferior, e outras 36,4% obtiveram nível muito inferior. O sistema geral das UCs avaliadas foi classificado como em nível de fragilidades. As principais motivações para criação apontadas pelos proprietários foram à conservação ou a satisfação pessoal. Os principais objetivos de manejo primários citados foram, a conservação de espécies ou ecossistemas, conservação dos rios e bacias hidrográficas, promoção da pesquisa científica, e conservação da beleza cênica. Concluiu-se com este estudo que há um potencial para aumento da conservação por meio das RPPNs, visto que a maioria dos proprietários está protegendo mais do que a porcentagem exigida por lei; a efetividade de gestão das RPPNs avaliadas ainda apresenta um nível abaixo do ideal para atender os objetivos de manejo e garantir a continuidade das UCs; o baixo número de pesquisas científicas e projetos sendo desenvolvidos nas áreas, é uma grande lacuna, e o incentivo dessas atividades poderia contribuir muito com o manejo das reservas. As principais motivações para a criação e objetivos de manejo das RPPNs estão ligadas à conservação ou a motivações pessoais, o que demonstra o perfil conservacionistas dos proprietários de RPPNs na região da APA Macaé de Cima. Palavras-chave: Áreas Protegidas. Reservas Privadas. Eficácia de Gestão. Mata Atlântica.
The process of expansion of human occupations in Brazil has been accentuated over the years, causing serious interference in the environment, which can be observed in protected areas. In Brazil, the National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC) is the instrument that establishes the creation, implementation and management of conservation units (UCs). The management effectiveness of these protected areas plays an important role in achieving the objectives, as it allows identifying the main trends and aspects that need to be considered to improve management. Among the categories of UCs established by the SNUC, the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) stands out, which is the only one in the private domain, and has shown significant growth over the years. Nova Friburgo is the municipality with the most RPPNs in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and most of these reserves are located within another UC, the Macaé de Cima Environmental Protection Area (APAMC), which is of great importance in preserving biodiversity. In this context, the objective was to characterize and evaluate the management of the RPPNs located in the APAMC, in order to generate subsidies for the planning of conservation strategies. The study was conducted in 11 of the 15 RPPNs located within the boundaries of the APAMC. Indicators, subdivided into scopes and variables, were used to assess management effectiveness. The indicators were previously selected, and then optimal scenarios were built for each one, and these were associated with a standard scale. Management effectiveness was obtained by integrating and comparing the quantitative results in a double-entry matrix. As a result, it was found that most of the owners allocated more than 40% of their property to the creation of the RPPN. Only 9.1% of the reserves managed to obtain the median level of classification, 54.5% were classified as inferior, and another 36.4% obtained a much lower level. The general system of the UCs evaluated was classified as at the level of weaknesses. The main motivations for creation pointed out by the owners were conservation or personal satisfaction. The main primary management objectives cited were the conservation of species or ecosystems, conservation of rivers and watersheds, promotion of scientific research, and conservation of scenic beauty. It was concluded from this study that there is potential for increased conservation through RPPNs, as most landowners are protecting more than the percentage required by law; the management effectiveness of the evaluated RPPNs is still below the ideal level to meet the management objectives and guarantee the continuity of the UCs; the low number of scientific research and projects being developed in the areas is a big gap, and the encouragement of these activities could contribute a lot to the management of the reserves. The main motivations for the creation and management objectives of RPPNs are linked to conservation or personal motivations, which demonstrates the conservationist profile of RPPN owners in the Macaé de Cima APA region. Keywords: Protected Areas. Private Reserves. Management Effectiveness. Atlantic forest.
The process of expansion of human occupations in Brazil has been accentuated over the years, causing serious interference in the environment, which can be observed in protected areas. In Brazil, the National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC) is the instrument that establishes the creation, implementation and management of conservation units (UCs). The management effectiveness of these protected areas plays an important role in achieving the objectives, as it allows identifying the main trends and aspects that need to be considered to improve management. Among the categories of UCs established by the SNUC, the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) stands out, which is the only one in the private domain, and has shown significant growth over the years. Nova Friburgo is the municipality with the most RPPNs in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and most of these reserves are located within another UC, the Macaé de Cima Environmental Protection Area (APAMC), which is of great importance in preserving biodiversity. In this context, the objective was to characterize and evaluate the management of the RPPNs located in the APAMC, in order to generate subsidies for the planning of conservation strategies. The study was conducted in 11 of the 15 RPPNs located within the boundaries of the APAMC. Indicators, subdivided into scopes and variables, were used to assess management effectiveness. The indicators were previously selected, and then optimal scenarios were built for each one, and these were associated with a standard scale. Management effectiveness was obtained by integrating and comparing the quantitative results in a double-entry matrix. As a result, it was found that most of the owners allocated more than 40% of their property to the creation of the RPPN. Only 9.1% of the reserves managed to obtain the median level of classification, 54.5% were classified as inferior, and another 36.4% obtained a much lower level. The general system of the UCs evaluated was classified as at the level of weaknesses. The main motivations for creation pointed out by the owners were conservation or personal satisfaction. The main primary management objectives cited were the conservation of species or ecosystems, conservation of rivers and watersheds, promotion of scientific research, and conservation of scenic beauty. It was concluded from this study that there is potential for increased conservation through RPPNs, as most landowners are protecting more than the percentage required by law; the management effectiveness of the evaluated RPPNs is still below the ideal level to meet the management objectives and guarantee the continuity of the UCs; the low number of scientific research and projects being developed in the areas is a big gap, and the encouragement of these activities could contribute a lot to the management of the reserves. The main motivations for the creation and management objectives of RPPNs are linked to conservation or personal motivations, which demonstrates the conservationist profile of RPPN owners in the Macaé de Cima APA region. Keywords: Protected Areas. Private Reserves. Management Effectiveness. Atlantic forest.
Description
Citation
OLIVEIRA, Larissa Pires de. Efetividade de manejo das RPPNS, localizadas na área de proteção ambiental de Macaé de Cima, Nova Friburgo, RJ. 2021. 91 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.
