Eficiência de fungicidas no controle da brusone em trigo
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Data
2014-11-03
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Summa Phytopathologica
Resumo
Causada pelo fungo Pyricularia grisea, a brusone do trigo constitui-se num dos principais entraves à expansão da produção tritícola no Brasil Central. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de fungicidas no controle da brusone em trigo. Foram utilizados três fungicidas, com princípios ativos distintos, combinados com quatro genótipos de trigo. Realizaram-se duas aplicações do produto comercial, sendo estas no estádio 45 e 65 da escala de Zadokset al. A inoculação artificial com os esporos de P. grisea ocorreu no estádio 58-60 da referida escala. Determinou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD), a severidade em folhas bandeira (SEVFB) e em espigas (SEVEsp) e quantificou-se a produção de grãos (PG).Ao final do trabalho, os diferentes parâmetros analisados foram submetidos à análise de correlação de Pearson.Os fungicidas epoxiconazol+piraclostrobina e tebuconazol+trifloxistrobina foram os que proporcionaram menor AACPD nos genótipos VI 03061, VI 07505 e BRS 254. Não houve diferença para SEVFB entre os genótipos na presença de fungicidas. As linhagens VI 98053 e VI 07505 apresentam menor SEVFB na ausência de fungicidas.O fungicida tebuconazole+trifloxistrobina proporcionou maior PG e menor SEVEsp. A severidade da doença em espigas foi maior do que em folhas bandeira. O controle da brusoneem trigo através da aplicação de fungicidas mostrou-se eficiente em folhas bandeira, mas não eficiente para o controle nas espigas.
Wheat blast, caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea, constitutes one of the major obstacles to the expansion of wheat production in Central Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of fungicides in the control of wheat blast. Three fungicides with different active ingredients and combined with four wheat genotypes were used. Two applications of the commercial product were performed in stages 45 and 65 of the scale of Zadoks et al. Artificial inoculation with P. grisea spores was done in stages 58-60 of the above-mentioned scale. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), the severity on flag leaves (SEVFL) and the severity on spikes (SEVEsp) were determined, and grain yield (GY) was quantified. At the end of the experiment, different analyzed parameters were subjected to Pearson's correlation analysis. The fungicides epoxiconazole+pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole+trifloxystrobin provided the lowest AUDPC for the genotypes VI 03061, VI 07505 and BRS 254. There was no difference for SEVFL among genotypes in the presence of fungicides. The genotypes VI 98053 and VI 07505 showed the lowest SEVFL in the absence of fungicide. Tebuconazole+trifloxystrobin provided higher GY and lower SEVEsp. The disease severity on the ears was greater than on flag leaves. Control of wheat blast by means of fungicide application was effective for flag leaves but not for ears.
Wheat blast, caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea, constitutes one of the major obstacles to the expansion of wheat production in Central Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of fungicides in the control of wheat blast. Three fungicides with different active ingredients and combined with four wheat genotypes were used. Two applications of the commercial product were performed in stages 45 and 65 of the scale of Zadoks et al. Artificial inoculation with P. grisea spores was done in stages 58-60 of the above-mentioned scale. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), the severity on flag leaves (SEVFL) and the severity on spikes (SEVEsp) were determined, and grain yield (GY) was quantified. At the end of the experiment, different analyzed parameters were subjected to Pearson's correlation analysis. The fungicides epoxiconazole+pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole+trifloxystrobin provided the lowest AUDPC for the genotypes VI 03061, VI 07505 and BRS 254. There was no difference for SEVFL among genotypes in the presence of fungicides. The genotypes VI 98053 and VI 07505 showed the lowest SEVFL in the absence of fungicide. Tebuconazole+trifloxystrobin provided higher GY and lower SEVEsp. The disease severity on the ears was greater than on flag leaves. Control of wheat blast by means of fungicide application was effective for flag leaves but not for ears.
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Palavras-chave
Triticum aestivum, Pyricularia grisea, Controle químico