Recuperação energética de resíduos de painéis MDF (medium density fiberboard) por meio da torrefação e briquetagem
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Os painéis MDF (medium density fiberboard) são os mais produzidos e utilizados no Brasil, sendo esse, o maior responsável pela geração de resíduos nas indústrias de móveis. Tratamentos térmicos aliados a briquetagem podem viabilizar a utilização dos resíduos, visto que se tem um aumento significativo na densidade energética e redução volumétrica. Esse estudo teve como objetivo principal, produzir briquetes a partir de resíduos de painéis MDF revestidos e não revestidos torreficados para geração de energia. Os resíduos de painéis de MDF, com e sem revestimento de adesivo melamínico (BP), foram torrificados em um reator semicontínuo à temperatura de 300 °C por 20, 30 e 40 minutos. Os resíduos foram caracterizados quanto às propriedades físicas e químicas antes e após os tratamentos térmicos. O material foi briquetado e determinada a carga de ruptura, densidade aparente, perfil densitométrico por imagens de raios x, teor de umidade e combustibilidade. Os briquetes de MDF torrificados com tempo de residência de 40 minutos obtiveram melhores propriedades energéticas. Não foram detectadas quantidades significativas de metais pesados. Os briquetes produzidos com resíduos de MDF cru e revestidos torrificados por 40 minutos tiveram umidade de equilíbrio de 6,34%, carga de ruptura de 168 Kgf, densidade aparente de 1,030 g.cm -3 e 4,36 Gcal.m -3 de densidade energética. A densitometria de raios X foi eficaz pra avaliar a variabilidade de densidade aparente dos briquetes em imagens em 2D e 3D. A combustibilidade dos briquetes verificou temperaturas de pico de 583 e 605 ºC para os briquetes de MDF revestidos e não revestidos torrificados por 40 minutos. A partir deste estudo, conclui-se que os briquetes produzidos a partir de resíduos de MDF revestidos torrificados são uma alternativa do ponto de vista tecnológico para o aproveitamento de resíduos de MDF da indústria moveleira para recuperação energética. Palavras-chave: Aproveitamento energético. Densificação de biomassa. Resíduo moveleiro. Energia renovável.
MDF panels are the most sought after and used in Brazil, being this one the most responsible for the generation of waste in the furniture industries. Thermal treatments combined with briquetting can enable the use of waste, since there is a significant increase in energy density and volumetric reduction. The main objective of this study was to produce briquettes from the residues of coated and uncoated MDF panels, torrefied for power generation. The residues of MDF panels, with and without melamine adhesive (BP) coating, were torrefied in a semi-continuous reactor at a temperature of 300 °C for 20, 30 and 40 minutes. The residues were characterized for physical properties and products before and after heat treatments. The material was briquetted and provided the breaking load, bulk density, densitometric profile of the briquettes by X-ray images, moisture content and combustibility. Torrefied MDF briquettes with a residence time of 40 minutes were the ones with the best energy properties. Important amounts of heavy metals were not detected. The briquettes obtained with raw and coated MDF panel waste, torrefied for 40 minutes had equilibrium moisture content of 6.34%, breaking load of 168 Kgf, bulk density of 1,030 g.cm-3 and 4.36 Gcal.m-3 of energy density. Ray densitometry was effective to assess the variability of apparent density of briquettes in 2D and 3D images. The combustibility of the briquettes alters the firing profile and the peak temperature is verified at 583 and 605 ºC for coated and uncoated MDF briquettes torrefied for 40 minutes. From the study, it is concluded that the briquettes obtained from toasted coated MDF waste are an alternative from a technological point of view for the use of MDF waste from the furniture industry for energy recovery. Keywords: Energy utilization. Biomass densification. Furniture waste. Renewable energy.
MDF panels are the most sought after and used in Brazil, being this one the most responsible for the generation of waste in the furniture industries. Thermal treatments combined with briquetting can enable the use of waste, since there is a significant increase in energy density and volumetric reduction. The main objective of this study was to produce briquettes from the residues of coated and uncoated MDF panels, torrefied for power generation. The residues of MDF panels, with and without melamine adhesive (BP) coating, were torrefied in a semi-continuous reactor at a temperature of 300 °C for 20, 30 and 40 minutes. The residues were characterized for physical properties and products before and after heat treatments. The material was briquetted and provided the breaking load, bulk density, densitometric profile of the briquettes by X-ray images, moisture content and combustibility. Torrefied MDF briquettes with a residence time of 40 minutes were the ones with the best energy properties. Important amounts of heavy metals were not detected. The briquettes obtained with raw and coated MDF panel waste, torrefied for 40 minutes had equilibrium moisture content of 6.34%, breaking load of 168 Kgf, bulk density of 1,030 g.cm-3 and 4.36 Gcal.m-3 of energy density. Ray densitometry was effective to assess the variability of apparent density of briquettes in 2D and 3D images. The combustibility of the briquettes alters the firing profile and the peak temperature is verified at 583 and 605 ºC for coated and uncoated MDF briquettes torrefied for 40 minutes. From the study, it is concluded that the briquettes obtained from toasted coated MDF waste are an alternative from a technological point of view for the use of MDF waste from the furniture industry for energy recovery. Keywords: Energy utilization. Biomass densification. Furniture waste. Renewable energy.
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PORTILHO, Gabriel Reis. Recuperação energética de resíduos de painéis MDF (medium density fiberboard) por meio da torrefação e briquetagem. 2021. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.
