Diagnóstico de artrópodes-pragas e inimigos naturais em viveiros de cacau, café e citros em Rolim de Moura, Rondônia
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2023-11-29
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Os cultivos de cacau, café e citros têm importância econômica e social para o estado de Rondônia. Mudas destas culturas são propagadas em viveiros, onde a ocorrência de pragas pode causar danos que afetam o desenvolvimento e a qualidade das mudas e além disso, apresentar um risco de dispersão de pragas exóticas e quarentenárias para os cultivos. Por isso, a Agência Defesa Sanitária Agrosilvopastoril do Estado de Rondônia (IDARON) executa programas de monitoramento e controle de pragas quarentenárias e regula a produção e o trânsito de mudas e partes vegetais no Estado. Com o objetivo de detectar a ocorrência de artrópodes (pragas e inimigos naturais) em mudas de cacau, café e citros em viveiros no município de Rolim Moura, Rondônia, foram realizadas coletas mensais em três viveiros, de maio de 2022 a abril de 2023. Quarenta folhas de 20 plantas de cada lote de mudas foram coletadas, observadas em estéreo-microscópio e lavadas para retirada dos artrópodes que foram identificados. 772 artrópodes (ácaros e insetos) foram coletados, sendo, fitófagos, predadores e onívoros, pertencentes a quatro ordens e 11 famílias. Os artrópodes de maior abundância foram os ácaros da família Eriophyidae (40%), que ocorrem em citros; os ácaros Tetranychidae (23%), que ocorreram nas três culturas; e os ácaros predadores Phytoseiidae (11%). Nenhuma praga quarentenária foi encontrada nesse estudo. A grande diversidade e abundância de artrópodes fitófagos nas mudas de cacau, café e citros comercializadas em Rolim de Moura, Rondônia revela uma importante preocupação em relação aos viveiros, que podem de fato, representar um potencial para disseminação de pragas para cultivos agrícolas de importância econômica para o estado. Por isso, o monitoramento frequente dos viveiros é importante para detecção precoce das pragas e tomada de medidas de erradicação e controle.
Palavras-chave: Defesa sanitária Pseudococcidae. Tetranychidae. vegetal. Eriophyidae. Phytoseiidae.
Cocoa, coffee and citrus crops are economically and socially important for the Rondônia State. Seedlings of these crops are propagated in nurseries, where the occurrence of pests can cause damage that affects the development and quality of the seedlings and, in addition, present a risk of spreading exotic and quarantine pests to crops. Therefore, the Agência Defesa Sanitária Agrosilvopastoril do Estado de Rondônia (IDARON) carries out monitoring and control programs for quarantine pests and regulates the production and transit of seedlings and plant parts in the State. With the aim of detecting the occurrence of arthropods (pests and natural enemies) in cocoa, coffee and citrus seedlings in nurseries in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, monthly collections were carried out in three nurseries, from May 2022 to April 2023. Forty leaves from 20 plants from each group of seedlings were collected, observed under stereo microscope and washed to remove the arthropods that were identified. 772 arthropods (mites and insects) were collected, being phytophagous, predatory and omnivorous, belonging to four orders and 11 families. The most abundant arthropods were mites from the Eriophyidae family (40%), which occur on citrus; the Tetranychidae mites (23%), which occurred in the three cultures; and Phytoseiidae predatory mites (11%). No quarantine pests were found in this study. The great diversity and abundance of phytophagous arthropods in cocoa, coffee and citrus seedlings sold in Rolim de Moura, Rondônia reveals an important concern in relation to nurseries, which may in fact represent a potential for the spread of pests to economically important agricultural crops for the State. Therefore, frequent monitoring of nurseries is important for early detection of pests and taking eradication and control measures. Keywords: Plant health defense. Eriophyidae. Phytoseiidae. Pseudococcidae. Tetranychidae.
Cocoa, coffee and citrus crops are economically and socially important for the Rondônia State. Seedlings of these crops are propagated in nurseries, where the occurrence of pests can cause damage that affects the development and quality of the seedlings and, in addition, present a risk of spreading exotic and quarantine pests to crops. Therefore, the Agência Defesa Sanitária Agrosilvopastoril do Estado de Rondônia (IDARON) carries out monitoring and control programs for quarantine pests and regulates the production and transit of seedlings and plant parts in the State. With the aim of detecting the occurrence of arthropods (pests and natural enemies) in cocoa, coffee and citrus seedlings in nurseries in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, monthly collections were carried out in three nurseries, from May 2022 to April 2023. Forty leaves from 20 plants from each group of seedlings were collected, observed under stereo microscope and washed to remove the arthropods that were identified. 772 arthropods (mites and insects) were collected, being phytophagous, predatory and omnivorous, belonging to four orders and 11 families. The most abundant arthropods were mites from the Eriophyidae family (40%), which occur on citrus; the Tetranychidae mites (23%), which occurred in the three cultures; and Phytoseiidae predatory mites (11%). No quarantine pests were found in this study. The great diversity and abundance of phytophagous arthropods in cocoa, coffee and citrus seedlings sold in Rolim de Moura, Rondônia reveals an important concern in relation to nurseries, which may in fact represent a potential for the spread of pests to economically important agricultural crops for the State. Therefore, frequent monitoring of nurseries is important for early detection of pests and taking eradication and control measures. Keywords: Plant health defense. Eriophyidae. Phytoseiidae. Pseudococcidae. Tetranychidae.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pragas agrícolas - Controle, Eriopyidae, Phyttoseeidai, Pseudococcidae, Tetranychidae
Citação
AGUIAR, Marcos Antônio de. Diagnóstico de artrópodes-pragas e inimigos naturais em viveiros de cacau, café e citros em Rolim de Moura, Rondônia. 2023. 29 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Defesa Sanitária Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.