Aproveitamento de resíduos da indústria moveleira em materiais cimentícios: sustentabilidade ambiental, mecanismos de hidratação e desempenho tecnológico de pastas e argamassas
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Esse trabalho contribui de forma significativa para a ciência ao propor o aproveitamento de resíduos da indústria moveleira - cinza de cavaco de eucalipto e lodo de ETE, na formulação de argamassas industrializadas, em substituição parcial do cimento com foco na sustentabilidade ambiental e na eficiência tecnológica. Os resultados obtidos são inéditos quanto à caracterização físico-química e microestrutural desses resíduos, seus efeitos na hidratação e desempenho mecânico das misturas cimentícias, bem como na otimização de traços ecoeficientes. A originalidade do estudo está na abordagem integrada de caracterização, desempenho e sustentabilidade, aplicando técnicas avançadas e inéditas de análise para este tipo de resíduo. A pesquisa preenche lacunas importantes na literatura e abre novas perspectivas para destinação sustentável de resíduos industriais em escala real. Dentre os desafios enfrentados pela humanidade para alcançar uma condição de desenvolvimento sustentável encontra-se a geração e gerenciamento dos resíduos resultantes da atividade humana, com destaque para a atividade industrial. Dentre estas, a indústria da construção se apresenta como uma das mais impactantes, dados os consumos exorbitantes de matéria-prima e energia, além da geração de resíduos e emissões de gases de efeito estufa. A indústria moveleira, embora processe predominantemente material derivado da madeira, considerado renovável e de baixo impacto, também enfrenta uma geração crescente de resíduos, que precisam ser gerenciados de forma eficiente para evitar danos ao ambiente e custos elevados. Nesse contexto, essa pesquisa pretende avaliar a incorporação de resíduos da indústria moveleira na obtenção de argamassas industrializadas para assentamento de alvenarias e revestimento de paredes e tetos, sendo a cinza de fundo de caldeira e o lodo da estação de tratamento de esgoto industrial. Para tanto, estudos de interação com cimento Portland para avaliação dos efeitos dos resíduos na cinética de hidratação e formação de microestrutura foram conduzidos, assim como efeitos na reologia e desempenho mecânico de pastas e argamassas. De posse das informações, aditivos e adições foram avaliados para melhoramento das propriedades tecnológicas de interesse e estudos de otimização em traços de argamassas mistas foram conduzidos. Ao final, misturas ótimas foram selecionadas e validadas para a produção de argamassas industrializadas. Espera-se com essa pesquisa indicar a viabilidade técnica da incorporação dos resíduos escopo deste trabalho na obtenção de argamassas industrializadas, contribuindo assim com o desenvolvimento sustentável por meio da destinação adequada de rejeitos industriais e redução do consumo de matérias- primas não renováveis. Palavras-chave: resíduo da indústria moveleira; argamassa industrializada; matriz cimentícia ecoeficiente; cinza de fundo; lodo de ete.
This work makes a significant contribution to science by proposing the use of furniture industry waste - eucalyptus chip ash and sewage treatment plant sludge - in the formulation of industrialized mortars, partially replacing cement with a focus on environmental sustainability and technological efficiency. The results obtained are unprecedented in terms of the physical, chemical, and microstructural characterization of these residues, their effects on the hydration and mechanical performance of cementitious mixtures, and the optimization of eco-efficient mixes. The study's originality lies in its integrated approach to characterization, performance, and sustainability, applying advanced and unprecedented analytical techniques for this type of waste. The research fills important gaps in the literature and opens new perspectives for the sustainable disposal of industrial waste on a real scale. Among the challenges facing humanity in achieving sustainable development is the generation and management of waste resulting from human activity, particularly industrial activity. Among these, the construction industry is one of the most impactful, given the exorbitant consumption of raw materials and energy, in addition to the generation of waste and greenhouse gas emissions. The furniture industry, although it predominantly processes wood-based materials, considered renewable and low-impact, also faces increasing waste generation, which must be managed efficiently to avoid environmental damage and high costs. In this context, this research aims to evaluate the incorporation of furniture industry waste into industrial mortars for masonry installation and wall and ceiling cladding, using boiler bottom ash and sludge from industrial sewage treatment plants. To this end, interaction studies with Portland cement were conducted to evaluate the effects of the waste on hydration kinetics and microstructure formation, as well as its effects on the rheology and mechanical performance of pastes and mortars. Based on this information, additives and additions were evaluated to improve the technological properties of interest, and optimization studies were conducted on mixed mortar mixes. Ultimately, optimal mixes were selected and validated for the production of industrialized mortars. This research is expected to demonstrate the technical feasibility of incorporating the waste within the scope of this work into industrialized mortars, thus contributing to sustainable development through the proper disposal of industrial waste and reducing the consumption of non- renewable raw materials. Keywords: furniture industry waste ; industrialized mortar; eco-efficient cementitious matrix; bottom ash; ete sludge.
This work makes a significant contribution to science by proposing the use of furniture industry waste - eucalyptus chip ash and sewage treatment plant sludge - in the formulation of industrialized mortars, partially replacing cement with a focus on environmental sustainability and technological efficiency. The results obtained are unprecedented in terms of the physical, chemical, and microstructural characterization of these residues, their effects on the hydration and mechanical performance of cementitious mixtures, and the optimization of eco-efficient mixes. The study's originality lies in its integrated approach to characterization, performance, and sustainability, applying advanced and unprecedented analytical techniques for this type of waste. The research fills important gaps in the literature and opens new perspectives for the sustainable disposal of industrial waste on a real scale. Among the challenges facing humanity in achieving sustainable development is the generation and management of waste resulting from human activity, particularly industrial activity. Among these, the construction industry is one of the most impactful, given the exorbitant consumption of raw materials and energy, in addition to the generation of waste and greenhouse gas emissions. The furniture industry, although it predominantly processes wood-based materials, considered renewable and low-impact, also faces increasing waste generation, which must be managed efficiently to avoid environmental damage and high costs. In this context, this research aims to evaluate the incorporation of furniture industry waste into industrial mortars for masonry installation and wall and ceiling cladding, using boiler bottom ash and sludge from industrial sewage treatment plants. To this end, interaction studies with Portland cement were conducted to evaluate the effects of the waste on hydration kinetics and microstructure formation, as well as its effects on the rheology and mechanical performance of pastes and mortars. Based on this information, additives and additions were evaluated to improve the technological properties of interest, and optimization studies were conducted on mixed mortar mixes. Ultimately, optimal mixes were selected and validated for the production of industrialized mortars. This research is expected to demonstrate the technical feasibility of incorporating the waste within the scope of this work into industrialized mortars, thus contributing to sustainable development through the proper disposal of industrial waste and reducing the consumption of non- renewable raw materials. Keywords: furniture industry waste ; industrialized mortar; eco-efficient cementitious matrix; bottom ash; ete sludge.
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GOMES, Roziani Maria. Aproveitamento de resíduos da indústria moveleira em materiais cimentícios: sustentabilidade ambiental, mecanismos de hidratação e desempenho tecnológico de pastas e argamassas. 2025. 119 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Civil) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
