Eficácia de herbicidas para controle do Sporobolos indicus e seletividade para Urochloa brizantha
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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RESUMO - A pecuária de corte é um dos principais componentes do agronegócio brasileiro, colocando o país entre os maiores produtores e o principal exportador mundial de carne bovina. O rebanho é criado predominantemente de forma extensiva em pastagens, que ocupam cerca de 170 milhões de hectares no território nacional e representam a principal forma de alimentação do rebanho. Entre as espécies forrageiras utilizadas, destaca-se Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, devido à sua elevada adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas do Brasil e ao alto potencial de produção de forragem. Todavia, a ausência de manejo adequado das pastagens, aliada ao excesso de pastejo, favorece a infestação de plantas daninhas. Dentre as espécies infestantes em pastagens, destaca-se Sporobolus indicus (capim-capeta), uma gramínea perene de difícil controle. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de herbicidas aplicados isoladamente e em mistura para o controle de S. indicus, bem como avaliar a seletividade desses herbicidas sobre U. brizantha. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, em pastagem estabelecida de U. brizantha infestada com S. indicus. Foram avaliados 10 tratamentos compostos por herbicidas ou misturas de herbicidas, além de uma testemunha sem aplicação: 1) atrazine + mesotrione; 2) atrazine; 3) imazethapyr; 4) imazapic + imazapyr; 5) glyphosate; 6) atrazine + tembotrione; 7) quizalofop-P-ethyl; 8) imazethapyr + quizalofop-P-ethyl; 9) imazethapyr + atrazine + mesotrione + quizalofop-P-ethyl; e 10) testemunha. Aos 7, 21, 45 e 90 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos (DAA) foram realizadas avaliações visuais de controle de S. indicus e de seletividade para U. brizantha. Os tratamentos que apresentaram seletividade para U. brizantha e com melhores índices de controle de S. indicus (entre 60 e 70%) foram: atrazine + mesotrione, atrazine + tembotrione, quizalofop-P-ethyl, imazethapyr + quizalofop-P-ethyl e imazethapyr + atrazine + mesotrione + quizalofop-P-ethyl. O glyphosate apresentou o maior nível de controle de S. indicus (100%), porém não se mostrou seletivo para U. brizantha, causando a morte da forrageira, podendo ser recomendado para áreas de reforma de pastagem, onde a forrageira será posteriormente reimplantada. Palavras-chave: pastagens; braquiária; plantas daninhas; controle; capim-capeta.
ABSTRACT - Beef cattle farming is one of the main components of Brazilian agribusiness, placing the country among the largest producers and the main exporter of beef in the world. The herd is predominantly raised extensively on pastures, which occupy approximately 170 million hectares in the national territory and represent the main form of feed for the herd. Among the forage species used, Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu stands out due to its high adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Brazil and its high forage production potential. However, the lack of adequate pasture management, coupled with overgrazing, favors weed infestation. Among the weed species in pastures, Sporobolus indicus (devil's grass), a perennial grass that is difficult to control, stands out. This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides applied alone and in mixtures for the control of S. indicus, as well as to evaluate the selectivity of these herbicides on U. brizantha. The experiment was conducted in the field, in an established U. brizantha pasture infested with S. indicus. Ten treatments composed of herbicides or herbicide mixtures were evaluated, in addition to a control without application: 1) atrazine + mesotrione; 2) atrazine; 3) imazethapyr; 4) imazapic + imazapyr; 5) glyphosate; 6) atrazine + tembotrione; 7) quizalofop-P-ethyl; 8) imazethapyr + quizalofop-P-ethyl; 9) imazethapyr + atrazine + mesotrione + quizalofop-P-ethyl; and 10) control. Visual assessments of S. indicus control and selectivity for U. brizantha were performed 7, 21, 45, and 90 days after treatment application (DAA). The treatments that showed selectivity for U. brizantha and the best control rates for S. indicus (between 60 and 70%) were: atrazine + mesotrione, atrazine + tembotrione, quizalofop-P-ethyl, imazethapyr + quizalofop-P-ethyl, and imazethapyr + atrazine + mesotrione + quizalofop-P-ethyl. Glyphosate showed the highest level of control of S. indicus (100%), but it was not selective for U. brizantha, causing the death of the forage grass, and may be recommended for pasture renovation areas, where the forage grass will be subsequently replanted. Keywords: pastures; brachiaria grass; weeds; control; devil's grass.
ABSTRACT - Beef cattle farming is one of the main components of Brazilian agribusiness, placing the country among the largest producers and the main exporter of beef in the world. The herd is predominantly raised extensively on pastures, which occupy approximately 170 million hectares in the national territory and represent the main form of feed for the herd. Among the forage species used, Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu stands out due to its high adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Brazil and its high forage production potential. However, the lack of adequate pasture management, coupled with overgrazing, favors weed infestation. Among the weed species in pastures, Sporobolus indicus (devil's grass), a perennial grass that is difficult to control, stands out. This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides applied alone and in mixtures for the control of S. indicus, as well as to evaluate the selectivity of these herbicides on U. brizantha. The experiment was conducted in the field, in an established U. brizantha pasture infested with S. indicus. Ten treatments composed of herbicides or herbicide mixtures were evaluated, in addition to a control without application: 1) atrazine + mesotrione; 2) atrazine; 3) imazethapyr; 4) imazapic + imazapyr; 5) glyphosate; 6) atrazine + tembotrione; 7) quizalofop-P-ethyl; 8) imazethapyr + quizalofop-P-ethyl; 9) imazethapyr + atrazine + mesotrione + quizalofop-P-ethyl; and 10) control. Visual assessments of S. indicus control and selectivity for U. brizantha were performed 7, 21, 45, and 90 days after treatment application (DAA). The treatments that showed selectivity for U. brizantha and the best control rates for S. indicus (between 60 and 70%) were: atrazine + mesotrione, atrazine + tembotrione, quizalofop-P-ethyl, imazethapyr + quizalofop-P-ethyl, and imazethapyr + atrazine + mesotrione + quizalofop-P-ethyl. Glyphosate showed the highest level of control of S. indicus (100%), but it was not selective for U. brizantha, causing the death of the forage grass, and may be recommended for pasture renovation areas, where the forage grass will be subsequently replanted. Keywords: pastures; brachiaria grass; weeds; control; devil's grass.
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BADARÓ, Daniel Marcos Mendes. Eficácia de herbicidas para controle do Sporobolos indicus e seletividade para Urochloa brizantha. 2026. 36 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Defesa Sanitária Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
