Análise numérica computacional da força de arrasto em uma asa padrão AeroDesign de acordo com a aplicação do winglet
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Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences
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O objetivo deste trabalho é alcançar um melhor desempenho em voo e coadjuvar no carregamento da maior carga paga possível. O setor de aerodinâmica atua na melhoria da eficiência aerodinâmica da aeronave, portanto, o aerodinamicista procura a melhor soluçãoque contribua para a eficácia da aeronave, tal como a redução das forças de arrasto. O arrasto induzido provém da força de sustentação e relaciona-se com os vórtices de fuga que surgem nas pontas da asa, além de ser o componente do arrasto que apresenta maior relevância comparado aos demais. A utilização de componentes estruturais, como winglets, auxilia na redução desses vórtices e na redução do arrasto total da aeronave. No contexto da competição SAE Brasil AeroDesign, o emprego destes componentes pode atender aos requisitos do projeto, visto as restrições de regulamento. A metodologia empregadafoi asimulação utilizando osoftware ANSYSCFX® para asas modeladas com diferentes configurações de winglete e mesmas condições de contorno, no intuito de verificar a melhor aplicação para a asa em estudo. Fixou-se o ângulo de diedro do wingletem 45°, manteve as cordas e utilizou a altura do wingletcomo parâmetro a ser estudado. Nas simulações, variou-se o ângulo de ataque da asa para obter a variação da força dearrasto. Nos resultados obtidos foi possível verificar que as forças de sustentação das asas com wingletde h=10% da semi envergadura, além de possuir valores menores de força de arrasto, apresentam valores superiores de força de sustentação, para todos os ângulos analisados, com uma variação de até mais de 6 N de força de sustentação em relação a asa em winglet. Conclui-se que foi possível observar uma melhoria de desempenho da asa com a aplicação do winglet, no contexto do AeroDesign, e que a compensação no ganho de eficiência pode auxiliar nas equipes de competição a levarem mais carga na aeronave, devido ao aumento de sustentação, e, também, auxiliar nas manobras de decolagem e pouso da aeronave.
This work goal is to achieve a better flight performance and to support the loading of the highest payload possible. The aerodynamics sector works to improve the aircraft aerodynamic efficiency; therefore, the aerodynamicist looks for the best solution to contribute to the aircraft efficiency by reducing drag forces. The induced drag comes from the lift force, it is related to the escape vortices which occur at the wing tips and it is the most relevant drag component. The use of structural components, as winglets, helps to reduce these vortices and the total aircraft drag. In the context of the SAE Brazil AeroDesigncompetition, the use of these components can support the project requirements due to the regulatory restrictions. The methodology employed was asimulation using the ANSYS CFX® software for wings modeled with different winglet configurations and the same boundary conditions to verify the best application for the studied wing. The winglet dihedral angle was set at 45°, the strings were maintained and the winglet height was used as a parameter. In the simulations, the wing attack angle was varied to obtain the variation of the drag force. With the obtained results, it was possible to verify that the wings lift forces with h=10% of the half-span winglet have lower values of drag force and present higher values of lift force, for all the analyzed angles, with a variation of up to 6 N of lift force, regarding to the wing without winglet. It is concluded the possibility to observe an improvement in the performance of the wing with the application of the winglet, in the above-mentioned context, and the compensation of a higher efficiency can help competition teams to carry more load on the aircraft due to the lift increase, and to assist the aircraft takeoff and landing handling.
This work goal is to achieve a better flight performance and to support the loading of the highest payload possible. The aerodynamics sector works to improve the aircraft aerodynamic efficiency; therefore, the aerodynamicist looks for the best solution to contribute to the aircraft efficiency by reducing drag forces. The induced drag comes from the lift force, it is related to the escape vortices which occur at the wing tips and it is the most relevant drag component. The use of structural components, as winglets, helps to reduce these vortices and the total aircraft drag. In the context of the SAE Brazil AeroDesigncompetition, the use of these components can support the project requirements due to the regulatory restrictions. The methodology employed was asimulation using the ANSYS CFX® software for wings modeled with different winglet configurations and the same boundary conditions to verify the best application for the studied wing. The winglet dihedral angle was set at 45°, the strings were maintained and the winglet height was used as a parameter. In the simulations, the wing attack angle was varied to obtain the variation of the drag force. With the obtained results, it was possible to verify that the wings lift forces with h=10% of the half-span winglet have lower values of drag force and present higher values of lift force, for all the analyzed angles, with a variation of up to 6 N of lift force, regarding to the wing without winglet. It is concluded the possibility to observe an improvement in the performance of the wing with the application of the winglet, in the above-mentioned context, and the compensation of a higher efficiency can help competition teams to carry more load on the aircraft due to the lift increase, and to assist the aircraft takeoff and landing handling.
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BARBOSA, Hygor Vaz de Souza. et al. Análise numérica computacional da força de arrasto em uma asa padrão AeroDesignde acordo com a aplicação do winglet. The Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Viçosa, v. 7, n. 4, p. 01-13, 2021.
