Fatores associados ao ataque da broca da haste Xylosandrus compactus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae Scolytinae) a lavouras de Coffea canephora
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
O café é a segunda bebida mais consumida do mundo e é crescente o seu consumo. Atualmente, 42,60% e 30,55% das produções mundial e brasileira de café são de Coffea canephora. O estado do Espírito Santo é o principal produtor de C. canephora (61,66%) no Brasil. A broca da haste Xylosandrus compactus ataca os ramos de C. canephora, resultando em perdas de até 75% nessas lavouras. As pesquisas sobre os fatores favoráveis ao ataque das pragas e os métodos de controle utilizados possibilitam o planejamento das amostragens e a seleção dos métodos de controle. Assim, este trabalho teve o objetivo de determinar os principais fatores associados ao ataque de X. compactus a C. canephora e os métodos de controle utilizados nas lavouras. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa entre os cafeicultores e técnicos do setor sobre o ataque da praga, práticas utilizadas nas lavouras de C. canephora. Foram também anotadas a altitude do local de cultivo e coletados os dados meteorológicos da região de cada lavoura. Em 81,03% das lavouras ocorreram problemas com a praga. Nas lavouras das regiões Noroeste e Central do estado foi maior o ataque da praga e esse ataque esteve relacionado a ocorrência de maior umidade. O ataque de X. compactus foi maior após a realização de poda de produção, sobretudo quando se realizou poda programada. Nos clones K61, CM1, 12V e R8 de robusta foram maiores o ataque da praga. Nas lavouras foram usados inseticidas organofosforados, piretróides, isoxazolinas e fenilpirazóis, e fungos entomopatogênicos, sobretudo Beauveria bassiana. Portanto, em situações de alta umidade, após a realização de poda de produção e sobretudo nos clones mais suscetíveis à praga deve-se realizar amostragem de sua intensidade de ataque para controlá-la se necessário. Palavras-chave: Café conilon; Elementos climáticos; Práticas culturais; Métodos de controle; Estado do Espírito Santo.
Coffee is the second most consumed beverage in the world and its consumption is growing. Currently, 42.60% and 30.55% of the world and Brazilian coffee production are from Coffea canephora. The state of Espírito Santo is the main producer of C. canephora (61.66%) in Brazil. The stem borer Xylosandrus compactus attacks the branches of C. canephora, resulting in losses of up to 75% in these crops. Research on the factors that favor the attack of pests and the control methods used allow the planning of sampling and the selection of control methods. Thus, this study aimed to determine the main factors associated with the attack of X. compactus on C. canephora and the control methods used in the crops. To this end, a survey was conducted among coffee growers and technicians in the sector on the attack of the pest and practices used in C. canephora crops. The altitude of the cultivation site was also recorded and meteorological data for the region of each crop were collected. Problems with the pest occurred in 81.03% of the crops. In the crops in the Northwest and Central regions of the state, the pest attack was greater and this attack was related to the occurrence of higher humidity. The attack of X. compactus was greater after production pruning, especially when programmed pruning was performed. The pest attack was greater in the K61, CM1, 12V and R8 Robusta clones. Organophosphate insecticides, pyrethroids, isoxazolines and phenylpyrazoles, and entomopathogenic fungi, especially Beauveria bassiana, were used in the crops. Therefore, in situations of high humidity, after production pruning and especially in the clones most susceptible to the pest, sampling of its attack intensity should be carried out to control it if necessary. Keywords: Conilon coffee; Climatic elements; Cultural practices; Control methods; State of Espírito Santo.
Coffee is the second most consumed beverage in the world and its consumption is growing. Currently, 42.60% and 30.55% of the world and Brazilian coffee production are from Coffea canephora. The state of Espírito Santo is the main producer of C. canephora (61.66%) in Brazil. The stem borer Xylosandrus compactus attacks the branches of C. canephora, resulting in losses of up to 75% in these crops. Research on the factors that favor the attack of pests and the control methods used allow the planning of sampling and the selection of control methods. Thus, this study aimed to determine the main factors associated with the attack of X. compactus on C. canephora and the control methods used in the crops. To this end, a survey was conducted among coffee growers and technicians in the sector on the attack of the pest and practices used in C. canephora crops. The altitude of the cultivation site was also recorded and meteorological data for the region of each crop were collected. Problems with the pest occurred in 81.03% of the crops. In the crops in the Northwest and Central regions of the state, the pest attack was greater and this attack was related to the occurrence of higher humidity. The attack of X. compactus was greater after production pruning, especially when programmed pruning was performed. The pest attack was greater in the K61, CM1, 12V and R8 Robusta clones. Organophosphate insecticides, pyrethroids, isoxazolines and phenylpyrazoles, and entomopathogenic fungi, especially Beauveria bassiana, were used in the crops. Therefore, in situations of high humidity, after production pruning and especially in the clones most susceptible to the pest, sampling of its attack intensity should be carried out to control it if necessary. Keywords: Conilon coffee; Climatic elements; Cultural practices; Control methods; State of Espírito Santo.
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PIEPER, Matheus Vinícius. Fatores associados ao ataque da broca da haste Xylosandrus compactus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae Scolytinae) a lavouras de Coffea canephora. 2025. 26 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Defesa Sanitária Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
