Taxonomia e potencial de fungos fungícolas associados a Pseudocercospora fijiensis e Pseudocercospora musae como agentes de controle biológico da Sigatoka Amarela da bananeira
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A banana é uma fruta que desempenha um papel crucial na segurança alimentar global, pois é uma fonte significativa de calorias, nutrientes essenciais, como potássio, vitaminas e fibras. O Brasil é o quarto mais produtor de bananas do mundo. No entanto, sua produ- ção é ameaçada pelo complexo de doenças Sigatokas, cujo medidas de controle alterna- tivas de forma sustentável são altamente necessárias. No primeiro artigo é proposto um novo gênero de fungos na família Niessliaceae, o fungo é micoparasita de Pseudocercos- pora fijiensis. O micoparasita encontrado possui baixa similaridade de sequência com sequências de fungos previamente descritos na literatura. Para a identificação foram uti- lizados dados morfológicos e análises filogenéticas. No segundo artigo, foi realizado um estudo taxonômico de fungos pertencentes a família Cordycipitaceae, nesse estudo foram identificados fungos fungicolas associados a P. fijiensis e P. musae com base em carac- teres moleculares e morfológicos. Foram identificadas espécies do gênero Simplicillium incluído a descrição de uma nova espécie. Nesse artigo também foi identificada uma nova linhagem de fungos dentro da família Cordycipitaceae. No terceiro artigo, foi avaliado o potencial de fungos fungícolas associados a P. fijiensis e P. musae como agentes de bio- controle da Sigatoka amarela. Para os ensaios foram utilizados micoparasitas classifica- dos em diferentes famílias da ordem Hypocreales e um gênero de fungos da ordem Glo- merellales. O ensaio consistiu em pulverizações periódicas de suspensões de conídios em plantas com sintomas da doença no campo. Cada fungo micoparasita utilizado foi consi- derado um tratamento. Um fungo fungicola reduziu o índice de severidade da Sigatoka amarela em 52,21%, e a severidade na 5ª folha totalmente expandida em 90,62%. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho fornecem informações relevantes sobre fungos micopa- rasitas, taxonomia de fungos da ordem Hypocreales, e medidas de biocontrole do com- plexo Sigatokas na bananeira. Palavras-chave: Controle biológico; Cordycipitaceae; Niessliaceae; Sigatoka amarela; Sigatoka negra.
Banana is a fruit that plays a crucial role in global food security as it is a significant source of calories, and essential nutrients such as potassium, vitamins, and fiber. Brazil is the fourth largest producer of bananas in the world. However, its production is affected by the Sigatoka disease complex, whose sustainable alternative control measures are highly necessary. In the first chapter, a new genus of fungi is proposed in the Niessliaceae family, the fungal is a mycoparasite of Pseudocercospora fijiensis. The mycoparasite found has low sequence similarity with fungal sequences previously described in the literature. For identification, morphological data and phylogenetic analyses were used. In the second chapter, a taxonomic study was carried out on fungi belonging to the Cordycipitaceae family. In this study, mycoparasitic fungi of P. fijiensis and P. musae were identified based on molecular and morphological characters. Species of the genus Simplicillium were identified, including the description of a new species. In this chapter, a new lineage of fungi was also identified within the Cordycipitaceae family. In the third chapter, the potential of mycoparasitic fungi from P. fijiensis and P. musae as biocontrol agents for Yellow Sigatoka was evaluated. For the tests, mycoparasites classified in different fami- lies of the order Hypocreales and a genus of fungi of the order Glomerellales were used. The test consisted of periodic spraying of conidial suspensions on plants with disease symptoms in the field. Each mycoparasitic fungus used was considered a treatment. A mycoparasitic fungus reduced the severity index of yellow Sigatoka by 52.21%, and the severity on the 5th leaf by 90.62%. The results obtained in this work provide relevant information on mycoparasitic fungi, taxonomy of fungi of the order Hypocreales, and biocontrol measures of the Sigatoka complex on banana. Keywords: Biocontrol; Black Sigatoka; Cordycipitaceae; Yellow Sigatoka; Niessliaceae.
Banana is a fruit that plays a crucial role in global food security as it is a significant source of calories, and essential nutrients such as potassium, vitamins, and fiber. Brazil is the fourth largest producer of bananas in the world. However, its production is affected by the Sigatoka disease complex, whose sustainable alternative control measures are highly necessary. In the first chapter, a new genus of fungi is proposed in the Niessliaceae family, the fungal is a mycoparasite of Pseudocercospora fijiensis. The mycoparasite found has low sequence similarity with fungal sequences previously described in the literature. For identification, morphological data and phylogenetic analyses were used. In the second chapter, a taxonomic study was carried out on fungi belonging to the Cordycipitaceae family. In this study, mycoparasitic fungi of P. fijiensis and P. musae were identified based on molecular and morphological characters. Species of the genus Simplicillium were identified, including the description of a new species. In this chapter, a new lineage of fungi was also identified within the Cordycipitaceae family. In the third chapter, the potential of mycoparasitic fungi from P. fijiensis and P. musae as biocontrol agents for Yellow Sigatoka was evaluated. For the tests, mycoparasites classified in different fami- lies of the order Hypocreales and a genus of fungi of the order Glomerellales were used. The test consisted of periodic spraying of conidial suspensions on plants with disease symptoms in the field. Each mycoparasitic fungus used was considered a treatment. A mycoparasitic fungus reduced the severity index of yellow Sigatoka by 52.21%, and the severity on the 5th leaf by 90.62%. The results obtained in this work provide relevant information on mycoparasitic fungi, taxonomy of fungi of the order Hypocreales, and biocontrol measures of the Sigatoka complex on banana. Keywords: Biocontrol; Black Sigatoka; Cordycipitaceae; Yellow Sigatoka; Niessliaceae.
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CUSTÓDIO, Fábio Alex. Taxonomia e potencial de fungos fungícolas associados a Pseudocercospora fijiensis e Pseudocercospora musae como agentes de controle biológico da Sigatoka Amarela da bananeira. 2026. 78 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fitopatologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
