Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas bimetálicas de níquel e platina suportadas em niobato de potássio para aplicação na geração de hidrogênio a partir de borohidreto de sódio
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Neste trabalho, investigou-se o efeito catalítico de nanopartículas bimetálicas de níquel e platina (Ni/Pt (NPBs)) suportadas em niobato de potássio (KNbO3) na hidrólise do borohidreto de sódio (NaBH4), visando à geração de H2. O KNbO3 foi sintetizado pela via hidrotérmica a partir dos precursores Nb2O5 e KOH, enquanto Ni/Pt (NPBs) pelo método da redução química. Diferentes técnicas de caracterização foram empregadas. Na Difração de Raios-X (DRX), foi possível verificar o caráter cristalino do KNbO3, assim como o pico de difração referente ao plano (111) da Pt. Porém, nenhum pico referente ao Ni foi observado. Bandas características do KNbO3, em razão dos octaedros NbO6, foram observadas por Espectroscopia Raman e FTIR. Por Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão (MET), observou-se que Ni/Pt (NPBs) apresentaram uma morfologia esférica e se dispersaram de forma homogênea na superfície das nanofolhas de KNbO3, com tamanho médio das NPBs de 4,66 nm. As isotermas de adsorção-dessorção de N2 para o suporte (KNbO3) com e sem NPBs foram do tipo V com histerese H3, com área superficial específica de 0,170 e 2,87 m²/g, respectivamente. No estudo da performance catalítica, diferentes razões molares entre Ni/Pt foram avaliadas e a razão 1:3 (mol/mol) apresentou a melhor eficiência, sendo nomeada Ni1Pt3/KNbO3. O efeito sinérgico entre as Ni/Pt (NPBs) e a dispersão na superfície do KNbO3 são fatores que explicam essa elevada eficiência. O emprego de NaOH diminui a taxa de geração de hidrogênio (HGR). O aumento da temperatura aumentou a HGR, obtendo-se 2068,3 moL min-1 gcat.-1 a 315,05 K (condições reacionais: 1 mL de NaBH4 (0,5 mol L-1), 6,89 mmol% (Ni+Pt)/NaBH4). A energia de ativação aparente (Ea) calculada a partir da equação de Arrhenius foi de 29,9 kJ mol-1. Nos ensaios de reúso, observou-se que Ni1Pt3/KNbO3 reteve 77% da sua atividade catalítica inicial após 4 ciclos catalíticos. Logo, um potencial catalisador, de fácil síntese e ecologicamente correta, foi desenvolvido para emprego na hidrólise do NaBH4 a partir de Ni/Pt (NPBs) e KNbO3, contribuindo para o estudo da Catálise no contexto da geração de H2. Palavras-chave: hidrogênio verde; mudanças climáticas; matrizes energéticas; nanomateriais.
In this work, the catalytic effect of bimetallic nickel and platinum nanoparticles (Ni/Pt (NPBs)) supported on potassium niobate (KNbO3) in the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) was investigated for H2 generation. KNbO3 was synthesized via the hydrothermal route from Nb2O5 and KOH precursors, while Ni/Pt (NPBs) were synthesized using the chemical reduction method. Various characterization techniques were employed. In X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), the crystalline nature of KNbO3 was verified, as well as the diffraction peak corresponding to the (111) plane of Pt. However, no peak related to Ni was observed. Characteristic bands of KNbO3 due to NbO6 octahedra were observed by Raman and FTIR Spectroscopy. Through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), it was observed that Ni/Pt (NPBs) exhibited a spherical morphology and were homogeneously dispersed on the surface of KNbO3 nanosheets, with an average NPBs size of 4.66 nm. The N2 adsorption- desorption isotherms for the support (KNbO3) with and without NPBs were of type V with H3 hysteresis, with specific surface areas of 0.170 and 2.87 m²/g, respectively. In the catalytic performance study, different molar ratios between Ni/Pt were evaluated, and the 1:3 (mol/mol) ratio showed the best efficiency, being named Ni1Pt3/KNbO3. The synergistic effect between Ni/Pt (NPBs) and their dispersion on the surface of KNbO3 explains this high efficiency. The use of NaOH decreased the hydrogen generation rate (HGR). . The increase in temperature increased the HGR, reaching 2068.3 mol min-1 gcat.-1 at 315.05 K (reaction conditions: 1 mL of NaBH4 (0.5 mol L-1), 6.89 mmol% (Ni+Pt)/NaBH4). The apparent activation energy (Ea) calculated from the Arrhenius equation was 29.9 kJ mol-1. In reuse tests, it was observed that Ni1Pt3/KNbO3 retained 77% of its initial catalytic activity after 4 catalytic cycles. Therefore, a potential catalyst, easily synthesized and environmentally friendly, was developed for the hydrolysis of NaBH4 from Ni/Pt (NPBs) and KNbO3, contributing to the study of catalysis in the context of H2 generation. Keywords: green hydrogen; climate change; energy matrices; nanomaterials
In this work, the catalytic effect of bimetallic nickel and platinum nanoparticles (Ni/Pt (NPBs)) supported on potassium niobate (KNbO3) in the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) was investigated for H2 generation. KNbO3 was synthesized via the hydrothermal route from Nb2O5 and KOH precursors, while Ni/Pt (NPBs) were synthesized using the chemical reduction method. Various characterization techniques were employed. In X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), the crystalline nature of KNbO3 was verified, as well as the diffraction peak corresponding to the (111) plane of Pt. However, no peak related to Ni was observed. Characteristic bands of KNbO3 due to NbO6 octahedra were observed by Raman and FTIR Spectroscopy. Through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), it was observed that Ni/Pt (NPBs) exhibited a spherical morphology and were homogeneously dispersed on the surface of KNbO3 nanosheets, with an average NPBs size of 4.66 nm. The N2 adsorption- desorption isotherms for the support (KNbO3) with and without NPBs were of type V with H3 hysteresis, with specific surface areas of 0.170 and 2.87 m²/g, respectively. In the catalytic performance study, different molar ratios between Ni/Pt were evaluated, and the 1:3 (mol/mol) ratio showed the best efficiency, being named Ni1Pt3/KNbO3. The synergistic effect between Ni/Pt (NPBs) and their dispersion on the surface of KNbO3 explains this high efficiency. The use of NaOH decreased the hydrogen generation rate (HGR). . The increase in temperature increased the HGR, reaching 2068.3 mol min-1 gcat.-1 at 315.05 K (reaction conditions: 1 mL of NaBH4 (0.5 mol L-1), 6.89 mmol% (Ni+Pt)/NaBH4). The apparent activation energy (Ea) calculated from the Arrhenius equation was 29.9 kJ mol-1. In reuse tests, it was observed that Ni1Pt3/KNbO3 retained 77% of its initial catalytic activity after 4 catalytic cycles. Therefore, a potential catalyst, easily synthesized and environmentally friendly, was developed for the hydrolysis of NaBH4 from Ni/Pt (NPBs) and KNbO3, contributing to the study of catalysis in the context of H2 generation. Keywords: green hydrogen; climate change; energy matrices; nanomaterials
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REIS, Tulho Martins dos. Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas bimetálicas de níquel e platina suportadas em niobato de potássio para aplicação na geração de hidrogênio a partir de borohidreto de sódio. 2024. 72 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroquímica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
