Associação entre o nível de atividade física, competência motora, competência motora percebida, aptidão física relacionada à saude e índice de massa corporal em crianças
Arquivos
Data
2018-10-26
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O presente estudo objetivou analisar a associação entre nível de atividade física (NAF), competência motora (CM), competência motora percebida (CMP), aptidão física relacionada à saúde (AFRS) e índice de massa corporal (IMC) em crianças de 6 a 10 anos. O delineamento do estudo foi caracterizado de corte transversal. A amostra foi composta por 217 crianças (117 meninos, 100 meninas), na faixa etária de 6 a 10 anos. O NAF foi mensurado através de pedômetro (Yamax, Digi-Walker, modelo SW 200, Japão); para a análise da CM foi utilizada a bateria de testes TGMD-3; a CMP foi avaliada através Escala Pictográfica de Avaliação da Competência Percebida em Habilidades Motoras; para mensurar a AFRS foram realizados os testes curl up (força abdominal), push up (força de membros superiores), salto horizontal (força de membros inferiores), sit and reach (flexibilidade) e corrida/caminhada de 6 minutos (aptidão cardiorrespiratória); o índice de massa corporal (IMC) foi utilizado para caracterização do estado nutricional das crianças. As diferenças entre os sexos nos NAF, CM, CMP, AFRS e IMC foram testadas através dos testes t de Student e “U” de Mann-Whitney, conforme determinado pelo teste de normalidade para verificar a distribuição dos dados. Para analisar a relação entre as variáveis, foi utilizada o teste de correlação de Spearman. A associação entre NAF, CM, CMP, AFRS e IMC foi testada no Modelo de Equações Estruturais (MEE). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas nos softwares SPSS 22.0 e Mplus 6.12 para windows. Os resultados demonstram que houve diferenças significativas entre os sexos para as variáveis: NAF, nas componentes da AFRS: força abdominal, força de membros superiores, aptidão cardiorrespiratória e escore da AFRS (p<0,05). Os resultados da correlação de Spearman revelaram que a CM correlacionou positivamente com a AFRS (p = 0,001) e com a AF (p = 0,003). As análises do MEE revelaram que a relação entre CM e NAF foi mediada pela AFRS (p=0,032) e o efeito total dessa relação foi estatisticamente significativo (p=0,002). Na relação entre CM e IMC o efeito indireto (mediação) ocorreu somente pela AFRS (p=0,021) e o efeito total da relação foi estatisticamente significante (p=0,034). Desta forma, conclui-se que, o presente estudo, fornece evidências de que bons níveis de CM e AFRS na segunda infância relacionam- se com o estado nutricional do sujeito. Assim, parece imperativo promover o desenvolvimento da CM e AFRS nos primeiros anos da infância para amenizar a possibilidade de desenvolver trajetórias negativas de CM e AFRS (ou seja, sem alteração ou desempenho reduzido) e sobrepeso/obesidade em idades futuras.
The present study aimed to analyze the association between physical activity level (PAL), motor competence (MC), perceived motor competence (PMC), health-related physical fitness (HRPF), and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 6 to 10 years. It is a cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 217 children (117 boys, 100 girls), aged 6 to 10 years. The PAL was estimated by pedometer (Yamax Digi-Walker SW 200 model, Japan); for the analysis of MC, the TGMD-3 battery was used; the PMC was evaluated by the Pictographic Scale of Perceived Competence Assessment in Motor Skills; the HRPF was evaluated by the tests curl up (abdominal strength), push up (upper limbs), horizontal jump (strength of lower limbs), sit and reach (flexibility) and 6min run/walk (cardiorespiratory fitness); the body mass index (BMI) was used to characterize children’s nutritional status. Sex differences in PAL, MC, PMC, HRPF, and BMI were analysed by Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, as determined by normality test to verify the distribution of data. The relationship between variables were analysed by the Spearman correlation. The association between PAL, MC, PMC, HRPF, and BMI was tested in Structural Equation Model (SEM). All analyses were conducted in SPSS 22.0 and Mplus 6.12 for windows softwares. Results showed that there were significant sex differencess in PAL, the components of the HRPF: abdominal strength, upper limb strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and HRPF score (p<0.05). Spearman's correlation results revealed that MC was positively correlated with HRPF (p= 0.001) and PAL (p= 0.003). SEM results showed that the relationship between CM and PAL was mediated by HRPF (p= 0.032) and the total effect of this relationship was statistically significant (p= 0.002). In the relationship between MC and BMI, the indirect effect (mediation) was only observed for HRPF (p= 0.021) and the total effect of the relationship was statistically significant (p = 0.034). In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that adequate levels of MC and HRPF during the second childhood are related to the children’s weight status. So, it seems relevant to promote the development of MC and HRPF in the early years of childhood with the purpose to reduce the risk of developing negative trajectories of MC and HRPF (i.e. unchanged overweight/obesity in future years.
The present study aimed to analyze the association between physical activity level (PAL), motor competence (MC), perceived motor competence (PMC), health-related physical fitness (HRPF), and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 6 to 10 years. It is a cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 217 children (117 boys, 100 girls), aged 6 to 10 years. The PAL was estimated by pedometer (Yamax Digi-Walker SW 200 model, Japan); for the analysis of MC, the TGMD-3 battery was used; the PMC was evaluated by the Pictographic Scale of Perceived Competence Assessment in Motor Skills; the HRPF was evaluated by the tests curl up (abdominal strength), push up (upper limbs), horizontal jump (strength of lower limbs), sit and reach (flexibility) and 6min run/walk (cardiorespiratory fitness); the body mass index (BMI) was used to characterize children’s nutritional status. Sex differences in PAL, MC, PMC, HRPF, and BMI were analysed by Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, as determined by normality test to verify the distribution of data. The relationship between variables were analysed by the Spearman correlation. The association between PAL, MC, PMC, HRPF, and BMI was tested in Structural Equation Model (SEM). All analyses were conducted in SPSS 22.0 and Mplus 6.12 for windows softwares. Results showed that there were significant sex differencess in PAL, the components of the HRPF: abdominal strength, upper limb strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and HRPF score (p<0.05). Spearman's correlation results revealed that MC was positively correlated with HRPF (p= 0.001) and PAL (p= 0.003). SEM results showed that the relationship between CM and PAL was mediated by HRPF (p= 0.032) and the total effect of this relationship was statistically significant (p= 0.002). In the relationship between MC and BMI, the indirect effect (mediation) was only observed for HRPF (p= 0.021) and the total effect of the relationship was statistically significant (p = 0.034). In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that adequate levels of MC and HRPF during the second childhood are related to the children’s weight status. So, it seems relevant to promote the development of MC and HRPF in the early years of childhood with the purpose to reduce the risk of developing negative trajectories of MC and HRPF (i.e. unchanged overweight/obesity in future years.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Exercícios físicos para crianças, Capacidade motora em crianças, Aptidão física em crianças
Citação
PEREIRA, Elenice de Sousa. Associação entre o nível de atividade física, competência motora, competência motora percebida, aptidão física relacionada à saude e índice de massa corporal em crianças. 2018. 118 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Física) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2018.