Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) de Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A família Baetidae, estabelecida por Leach em 1815, é uma das mais diversas dentro de Ephemeroptera, com cerca de 1.100 espécies em 113 gêneros. Sua distribuição é quase global, com altos níveis de endemismo em regiões tropicais, especialmente na América do Sul. No Brasil, embora mais de 150 espécies já tenham sido registradas, grandes lacunas taxonômicas ainda persistem, sobretudo em estados grandes e complexos ecologicamente como Minas Gerais. Esta dissertação teve como objetivo ampliar o conhecimento sobre a fauna de Baetidae em Minas Gerais por meio de quatro estudos principais: (1) descrição e complementação de semaforontes de Americabaetis titthion; (2) descrição de uma nova espécie de Cloeodes para o estado; (3) descrição de três novas espécies de Americabaetis, sendo uma registrada para Minas Gerais, acompanhadas de chave taxonômica interativa; e (4) síntese integrativa da diversidade conhecida e potencial da família no estado, incluindo análise de distribuição espacial, cobertura amostral e identificação de lacunas geográficas e taxonômicas. Além de ampliar os registros para o estado, os estudos contribuíram significativamente para a taxonomia da família, foram encontrados diversos novos táxons, novos registros, apontadas as áreas prioritárias para pesquisas futuras e feito descrição de semaforontes e espécies novas. Apesar dos avanços, a maior parte das áreas do Cerrado no estado seguem subamostradas e o bioma da Caatinga permanece sem qualquer registro. Os resultados ressaltam o elevado potencial taxonômico do estado, a importância dos ecótonos como zonas de alta diversidade e a necessidade de ampliar os esforços de coleta para alcançar uma compreensão mais completa da fauna de Baetidae em Minas Gerais e na região Sudeste do Brasil. Palavras-chave: efêmera; taxonomia ; Região Neotropical; déficit Região Sudeste taxonômico.
The family Baetidae, established by Leach in 1815, is one of the most diverse within Ephemeroptera, with about 1,100 species in 113 genera. Its distribution is nearly global, with high levels of endemism in tropical regions, especially in South America. In Brazil, although more than 150 species have already been recorded, major taxonomic gaps still persist, particularly in large and ecologically complex states such as Minas Gerais. This dissertation aimed to expand the knowledge of Baetidae fauna in Minas Gerais through four main studies: (1) description and supplementation of semaphoronts of Americabaetis titthion; (2) description of a new species of Cloeodes for the state; (3) description of three new species of Americabaetis, one of them recorded for Minas Gerais, accompanied by an interactive taxonomic key; and (4) integrative synthesis of the known and potential diversity of the family in the state, including spatial distribution analysis, sampling coverage, and identification of geographic and taxonomic gaps. In addition to expanding the records for the state, these studies significantly contributed to the taxonomy of the family, with the discovery of several new taxa, new records, the identification of priority areas for future research, and the description of semaphoronts and new species. Despite these advances, most Cerrado areas in the state remain under-sampled, and the Caatinga biome still lacks any records. The results highlight the high taxonomic potential of the state, the importance of ecotones as zones of high diversity, and the need to increase sampling efforts to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the Baetidae fauna in Minas Gerais and in the Southeastern region of Brazil. Keywords: mayfly; taxonomy; Neotropical Region; taxonomic shortfalls; Southeastern Region.
The family Baetidae, established by Leach in 1815, is one of the most diverse within Ephemeroptera, with about 1,100 species in 113 genera. Its distribution is nearly global, with high levels of endemism in tropical regions, especially in South America. In Brazil, although more than 150 species have already been recorded, major taxonomic gaps still persist, particularly in large and ecologically complex states such as Minas Gerais. This dissertation aimed to expand the knowledge of Baetidae fauna in Minas Gerais through four main studies: (1) description and supplementation of semaphoronts of Americabaetis titthion; (2) description of a new species of Cloeodes for the state; (3) description of three new species of Americabaetis, one of them recorded for Minas Gerais, accompanied by an interactive taxonomic key; and (4) integrative synthesis of the known and potential diversity of the family in the state, including spatial distribution analysis, sampling coverage, and identification of geographic and taxonomic gaps. In addition to expanding the records for the state, these studies significantly contributed to the taxonomy of the family, with the discovery of several new taxa, new records, the identification of priority areas for future research, and the description of semaphoronts and new species. Despite these advances, most Cerrado areas in the state remain under-sampled, and the Caatinga biome still lacks any records. The results highlight the high taxonomic potential of the state, the importance of ecotones as zones of high diversity, and the need to increase sampling efforts to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the Baetidae fauna in Minas Gerais and in the Southeastern region of Brazil. Keywords: mayfly; taxonomy; Neotropical Region; taxonomic shortfalls; Southeastern Region.
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AMARAL, Igor Ferreira. Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) de Minas Gerais, Brasil. 2025. 151 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
