Liberação combinada de Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) e Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) para o controle de Tetranychus urticae Koch na cultura do morango (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A liberação combinada de ácaros predadores tem sido considerada como uma estratégia para melhorar o controle biológico de diversas pragas em todo o mundo. Nesta técnica usualmente são utilizadas espécies com características alimentares distintas, generalistas e especialistas, visando compensar e/ou complementar o desempenho dos agentes utilizados. Nesse contexto, estudamos a liberação combinada dos ácaros predadores Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) e Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) no controle de Tetranychus urticae Koch na cultura do morango. Primeiramente, avaliamos a liberação combinada dos ácaros predadores no controle de T. urticae em plantas de morango em casa de vegetação. Neste experimento observamos que quando liberados em conjunto, P. macropilis e N. californicus persistiram nas plantas em maior número de indivíduos, o que é uma característica desejável para o controle biológico em longo prazo de T. urticae. No entanto, a liberação combinada dos predadores prorrogou a supressão da população de T. urticae em relação à liberação individualizada das espécies predadoras aqui estudadas. Posteriormente expandimos nossos experimentos para laboratório, onde avaliamos de maneira mais aprofundada as interações entre os predadores coexistentes que podem gerar resultados negativos para o caso de controle biológico aqui estudado. Desta maneira, encontramos que em ambiente com baixa disponibilidade de presas a taxa de oviposição de N. californicus é afetada negativamente pela presença de seu heteroespecífico, e o oposto ocorre com P. macropilis. Conclui-se, no entanto, que são necessários mais estudos para avaliar se o atraso da supressão da população praga, resultante da liberação combinada em relação à liberação individualizada de predadores, reflete significativamente na produção das plantas a ponto de causar prejuízo econômico na cultura.
The combined release of predatory mites has been considered as a strategy to improve biological control of various pests worldwide. In this technique usually are used species with distinct food habits, generalist and specialist, in order to compensate and/or complement the performance of the agents used. In this context, we studied the combined release of predatory mites Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) in the control of Tetranychus urticae Koch in the strawberry culture. Firstly, we evaluated the combined release of predatory mites in the control of T. urticae in strawberry plants under greenhouse conditions. In this experiment we observed that when released together, P. macropilis and N. californicus persisted in at plants in a greater number of individuals, which is a desirable characteristic for the long term biological control of T. urticae. However, the combined release of predators delayed the suppression of the T. urticae population in relation to the individualized release of the predatory species studied here. Later we expanded our experiments to the laboratory, where we evaluate in a more profound way the interactions between the coexisting predators that can generate negative results for the case of biological control studied here. In this way, we found that in an environment with low prey availability the rate of oviposition of N. californicus is negatively affected by the presence of its heterospecific, and the opposite occurs with P. macropilis. We concluded, however, that further studies are needed to assess whether the delay in the suppression of the pest population, resulting from the combined release in relation to the individual release of predators, significantly reflects in the plant production to the point of causing economic loss.
The combined release of predatory mites has been considered as a strategy to improve biological control of various pests worldwide. In this technique usually are used species with distinct food habits, generalist and specialist, in order to compensate and/or complement the performance of the agents used. In this context, we studied the combined release of predatory mites Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) in the control of Tetranychus urticae Koch in the strawberry culture. Firstly, we evaluated the combined release of predatory mites in the control of T. urticae in strawberry plants under greenhouse conditions. In this experiment we observed that when released together, P. macropilis and N. californicus persisted in at plants in a greater number of individuals, which is a desirable characteristic for the long term biological control of T. urticae. However, the combined release of predators delayed the suppression of the T. urticae population in relation to the individualized release of the predatory species studied here. Later we expanded our experiments to the laboratory, where we evaluate in a more profound way the interactions between the coexisting predators that can generate negative results for the case of biological control studied here. In this way, we found that in an environment with low prey availability the rate of oviposition of N. californicus is negatively affected by the presence of its heterospecific, and the opposite occurs with P. macropilis. We concluded, however, that further studies are needed to assess whether the delay in the suppression of the pest population, resulting from the combined release in relation to the individual release of predators, significantly reflects in the plant production to the point of causing economic loss.
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VALE, Willian Santos do. Liberação combinada de Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) e Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) para o controle de Tetranychus urticae Koch na cultura do morango (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). 2018. 35 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2018.
