Risco de falha de controle de populações brasileiras de lagarta-do-cartucho por inseticidas em pulverização e em tratamento de sementes
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Data
2018-03-01
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O manejo da lagarta-do-cartucho Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) é considerado uma das importantes práticas para se evitar perdas de produtividade em milho, mas a manutenção da eficácia dos métodos de controle é um desafio e requer pesquisa sobre a atual eficiência das táticas de manejo da praga. Neste trabalho, foi determinada a eficiência de seis inseticidas em populações de campo de diferentes regiões brasileiras mediante avaliações de falha de controle e sobrevivência de lagartas de diferentes ínstares. Por fim, foi testada a eficiência do tratamento de semente em lagartas e seu efeito residual em plântulas de milho no laboratório. Os resultados mostraram risco de falha de controle da lagarta-do-cartucho pelos inseticidas lambda-cialotrina, flubendiamida, clorantraniliprole, clorpirifós e espinosade. Os inseticidas clorantraniliprole, espinosade e clorfenapir causaram substancial mortalidade de lagartas pequenas (0,5-1,0 cm), médias (1,1-2,5 cm) ou grandes (2,5-4,0 cm). Em contraste, o inseticida lambda-cialotrina permitiu sobrevivência larval maior que 75%. O tratamento de sementes com o inseticida imidaclopride+tiodicarbe foi o mais eficiente em plantas de 11-21 dias após o plantio e também contra lagartas de até 10 dias de idade, seguido de clorantraniliprole. No entanto, carborfurano foi ineficiente para o controle de lagartas. Em suma, esses resultados indicam que há risco de falha de controle para alguns dos inseticidas testados e que tal risco pode variar com o tamanho das lagartas. Por fim, o tratamento de sementes com certos inseticidas pode ser eficiente no controle de S. frugiperda e apresentar efeito residual até 21 dias após o plantio.
Pest management of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) plays an important role in minimizing the yield losses in maize, but maintaining the efficacy of the control methods is a challenge and requires research on the current efficiency of the tactics used to deal with the insect pest. This study focused on estimating the control failure likelihood of insecticides and the survival of different larval stages exposed to the insecticides. In addition, the seed treatment efficacy and its residual effect against fall armyworm were assessed in the laboratory. The results showed that for some of the regions there is risk of control failure by λ-cyhalothrin, flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, and spinosad. Chlorantraniliprole, spinosad, and chlorfenapyr caused reduced mortality for all larval stages tested. The insecticides clorantraniliprole, spinosad and chlorfenapyr caused substantial mortality of small larvae (0.5-1 cm), mid size (1.1-2.5 cm), or big ones (>2.5-4.0 cm). In contrast, the insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin allowed larval survival greater than 80%. Seed treatment with the insecticide imidacloprid+thiodicarb was the most efficient in killing fall armyworm larvae within 11-21 days after sowing and also against larvae up to 10 days old, followed by chlorantraniliprole. However, carborfuran was inefficient through seed treatment against fall armyworm. In summary, these results indicate that there is risk of control failure by some of the insecticides tested and that such a risk may vary with the larval size. Finally, seed treatment with certain insecticides can be effective to control fall armyworm larvae and can have residual effect until 21 days after sowing.
Pest management of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) plays an important role in minimizing the yield losses in maize, but maintaining the efficacy of the control methods is a challenge and requires research on the current efficiency of the tactics used to deal with the insect pest. This study focused on estimating the control failure likelihood of insecticides and the survival of different larval stages exposed to the insecticides. In addition, the seed treatment efficacy and its residual effect against fall armyworm were assessed in the laboratory. The results showed that for some of the regions there is risk of control failure by λ-cyhalothrin, flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, and spinosad. Chlorantraniliprole, spinosad, and chlorfenapyr caused reduced mortality for all larval stages tested. The insecticides clorantraniliprole, spinosad and chlorfenapyr caused substantial mortality of small larvae (0.5-1 cm), mid size (1.1-2.5 cm), or big ones (>2.5-4.0 cm). In contrast, the insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin allowed larval survival greater than 80%. Seed treatment with the insecticide imidacloprid+thiodicarb was the most efficient in killing fall armyworm larvae within 11-21 days after sowing and also against larvae up to 10 days old, followed by chlorantraniliprole. However, carborfuran was inefficient through seed treatment against fall armyworm. In summary, these results indicate that there is risk of control failure by some of the insecticides tested and that such a risk may vary with the larval size. Finally, seed treatment with certain insecticides can be effective to control fall armyworm larvae and can have residual effect until 21 days after sowing.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Spodoptera frugiperda, Inseticidas, Sementes - Doenças e pragas
Citação
MONTEIRO, Hugo Marinho. Risco de falha de controle de populações brasileiras de lagarta-do-cartucho por inseticidas em pulverização e em tratamento de sementes. 2018. 24 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2018.
