Impactos das mudanças climáticas no desenvolvimento inicial de Cedrela fissilis Vell.: efeitos do aumento da concentração de CO2 e da temperatura
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
As mudanças climáticas globais, particularmente o aumento das concentrações de CO2 e da temperatura, podem impactar significativamente o desenvolvimento e a fisiologia das espécies arbóreas tropicais. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos do Alto CO2 e da temperatura elevada na morfologia, fisiologia e metabolismo de Cedrela fissilis, uma espécie de importância ecológica e econômica. Para isso, plântulas foram cultivadas em câmaras de crescimento sob três condições experimentais: Controle (CO2 ambiente e temperatura ambiente), Alto CO2 e Alto CO2 + Alta Temperatura. Os resultados demonstraram que o Alto CO2 promoveu alterações no crescimento, incluindo variações na massa fresca e seca, assim como na taxa fotossintética líquida. No entanto, a combinação com alta temperatura reduziu esses benefícios, indicando maior demanda metabólica para regulação térmica. Em nível anatômico, foram observadas modificações estruturais, como expansão dos espaços intercelulares no parênquima lacunoso e alterações na densidade estomática, que podem refletir ajustes fisiológicos à maior concentração de CO2. Os pigmentos fotossintéticos, especialmente a clorofila a e os carotenoides, apresentaram redução sob Alto CO2, mas essa alteração não persistiu quando combinada à temperatura elevada. No metabolismo primário, glicose e frutose foram reduzidas no cenário de Alto CO2, enquanto sacarose e amido permaneceram estáveis. Além disso, a prolina aumentou nos cenários de estresse, sugerindo um mecanismo de proteção celular. As análises nutricionais revelaram variações na absorção e alocação de minerais, com reduções de Mn e Mg nas folhas e de Ca e Fe nas raízes sob Alto CO2, enquanto a combinação com alta temperatura resultou em aumentos na concentração de Ca em folhas e Mn em raízes. Os resultados indicaram que C. fissilis exibe plasticidade fisiológica e estrutural diante do Alto CO2, mas os efeitos positivos são parcialmente neutralizados pela alta temperatura, evidenciando limites adaptativos da espécie em cenários futuros de mudança climática. Esses resultados fornecem subsídios para estratégias de manejo e conservação voltadas à manutenção da espécie em ambientes sujeitos ao aumento de CO2 e temperatura. Palavras-chave: Cedrela fissilis; fotossíntese; mudanças climáticas; metabolismo vegetal; crescimento vegetal
Global climate change, particularly the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and temperature, can significantly impact the development and physiology of tropical tree species. This study evaluated the effects of High CO2 and elevated temperature on the morphology, physiology, and metabolism of Cedrela fissilis, a species of ecological and economic importance. For this purpose, seedlings were cultivated in growth chambers under three experimental conditions: Control (ambient CO2 and temperature), High CO2, and High CO2 + High Temperature. The results showed that High CO2 induced growth alterations, including changes in fresh and dry biomass, as well as net photosynthetic rate. However, the combination with high temperature mitigated these benefits, suggesting a greater metabolic demand for thermal regulation. At the anatomical level, structural modifications were observed, such as expansion of intercellular spaces in the spongy parenchyma and changes in stomatal density, which may reflect physiological adjustments to increased CO2 availability. Photosynthetic pigments, particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids, decreased under High CO2, but this alteration was not maintained when combined with elevated temperature. In primary metabolism, glucose and fructose levels decreased under High CO2, whereas sucrose and starch remained stable. Additionally, proline levels increased under stress conditions, suggesting a protective mechanism at the cellular level. Nutritional analyses revealed variations in mineral absorption and allocation, with reductions in Mn and Mg in leaves and Ca and Fe in roots under High CO2, whereas the combination with high temperature resulted in increased Ca in leaves and Mn in roots. The findings indicate that C. fissilis exhibits physiological and structural plasticity under High CO2, but the positive effects are partially neutralized by high temperature, revealing adaptive limitations under future climate change scenarios. These results provide insights for conservation and management strategies aimed at maintaining this species in environments subject to rising CO2 and temperature. Keywords: Cedrela fissilis; photosynthesis; climate change; plant metabolism; plant growth
Global climate change, particularly the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and temperature, can significantly impact the development and physiology of tropical tree species. This study evaluated the effects of High CO2 and elevated temperature on the morphology, physiology, and metabolism of Cedrela fissilis, a species of ecological and economic importance. For this purpose, seedlings were cultivated in growth chambers under three experimental conditions: Control (ambient CO2 and temperature), High CO2, and High CO2 + High Temperature. The results showed that High CO2 induced growth alterations, including changes in fresh and dry biomass, as well as net photosynthetic rate. However, the combination with high temperature mitigated these benefits, suggesting a greater metabolic demand for thermal regulation. At the anatomical level, structural modifications were observed, such as expansion of intercellular spaces in the spongy parenchyma and changes in stomatal density, which may reflect physiological adjustments to increased CO2 availability. Photosynthetic pigments, particularly chlorophyll a and carotenoids, decreased under High CO2, but this alteration was not maintained when combined with elevated temperature. In primary metabolism, glucose and fructose levels decreased under High CO2, whereas sucrose and starch remained stable. Additionally, proline levels increased under stress conditions, suggesting a protective mechanism at the cellular level. Nutritional analyses revealed variations in mineral absorption and allocation, with reductions in Mn and Mg in leaves and Ca and Fe in roots under High CO2, whereas the combination with high temperature resulted in increased Ca in leaves and Mn in roots. The findings indicate that C. fissilis exhibits physiological and structural plasticity under High CO2, but the positive effects are partially neutralized by high temperature, revealing adaptive limitations under future climate change scenarios. These results provide insights for conservation and management strategies aimed at maintaining this species in environments subject to rising CO2 and temperature. Keywords: Cedrela fissilis; photosynthesis; climate change; plant metabolism; plant growth
Description
Citation
DEFEO, Ana Júlia Carvalho. Impactos das mudanças climáticas no desenvolvimento inicial de Cedrela fissilis Vell.: efeitos do aumento da concentração de CO2 e da temperatura. 2025. 37 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fisiologia Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
