Influência de diferentes tipos de exercício sobre parâmetros ósseos em ratas ovariectomizadas e inteiras
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2010-02-05
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos de diferentes tipos de exercícios físicos (corrida e natação) sobre parâmetros ósseos em ratas ovariectomizadas (OVX) e inteiras (SHAM). Ratas Wistar com 20 semanas de idade, peso inicial de 271,42 ±17,6g (média ± desvio padrão) foram usadas. Dez animais foram sacrificados quinze dias após a cirurgia e denominados baseline (GB), os demais foram alocados aleatoriamente em um dos seis grupos (n = 12): corrida OVX (CO); corrida SHAM (CS); natação OVX (NO); natação SHAM (NS); sedentário OVX (CONO) e sedentário SHAM (CONS). Os animais foram alojados em gaiolas individuais, em sala com temperatura ambiente de 22 ± 2 ºC e ciclo de 12 horas claro/escuro, onde receberam diariamente 20g de ração e água adlibitum. Os animais dos grupos CO e CS foram submetidos a um programa de treinamento de corrida em esteira durante 10 semanas (16 m/min, 60 min/dia, 5 dias/semana, 8 semanas com 0% de inclinação e 2 semanas com 10° de inclinação). Os animais dos grupos NO e NS foram submetidos a um programa de treinamento em natação durante 10 semanas em um tanque com água a 30 ± 2 ºC, com sobrecarga de até 3% do peso corporal (60 min/dia, 5 dias/semana). Os animais dos grupos CONO e CONS permaneceram em gaiolas individuais, sem exercício programado, por 10 semanas. Após a eutanásia, o fêmur direito foi removido para avaliação da densidade mineral óssea (DMO), do conteúdo mineral ósseo (CMO) e da resistência óssea. O fêmur esquerdo foi retirado para determinação da morfometria óssea. Toda a gordura visceral foi removida e pesada, descartaram-se pele, vísceras, cabeça e pés, permanecendo apenas músculo e ossos (carcaça vazia) para a análise quantitativa de água, gordura, proteína e cinzas. Amostras de sangue foram retiradas para análise do biomarcador fosfatase alcalina óssea (ostase). Ao final do experimento os animais OVX apresentaram maior (p < 0,05) peso corporal que os animais SHAM. Os programas de exercício aumentaram (p < 0,05) a DMO e o CMO dos grupos CO e NO. O programa de exercício em esteira aumentou (p < 0,05) atenacidade de flexão no fêmur dos animais do grupo CO e a força de flexão no fêmur do grupo CS. Não houve aumento (p > 0,05) de osso trabecular nas regiões da cabeça e do trocânter do fêmur em CO e NO. O programa de natação aumentou (p < 0,05) a espessura do osso cortical no grupo NO e NS. A gordura visceral foi reduzida (p < 0,05) no grupo CO. Não houve diferença (p > 0,05) entre os grupos experimentais na porcentagem de água, gordura, proteína e cinzas. Os programas de corrida em esteira e natação com sobrecarga não aumentaram (p > 0,05) os valores de ostase em ratas OVX. Concluiu-se que: a) os programas de exercícios aumentaram a DMO e o CMO de ratas OVX; b) O programa de exercício em esteira aumentou a tenacidade do fêmur de ratas OVX; c) O programa de exercício em natação aumentou a espessura do osso cortical em ratas OVX e SHAM; d) O programa de exercício em esteira reduziu a gordura visceral em ratas OVX; e) Os programas de exercício não aumentaram os níveis de ostase em ratas OVX.
This study aimed at investigating the effects of different types of exercise (running and swimming) on the bone of ovariectomized (OVX) and whole (SHAM) female rats. Wistar female rats with 20 weeks of age and initial weight of 271,42 ±17,6g (mean ± standard deviation) were used. Ten animals were sacrificed after two weeks of surgery and were termed baseline (GB). The other animals were randomly divided into six groups (n = 12): race OVX (CO); race SHAM (CS); swimming OVX (NO); swimming SHAM (NS), sedentary OVX (CONO); and sedentary SHAM (CONS). All animals were housed in individual cages in a room with temperature of 22 ± 2 ° C and cycle of 12 hours light/dark, where they received daily 20 g of food and water ad libitum. Animals from CO and CS underwent a treadmill running program for 10 weeks (16 m / min, 60 min / day, 5 days / week for 8 weeks with 0% grade and 2 weeks with 10% grade). Animals from NO and NS were submitted to a swimming training program for 10 weeks in a tank with water at 30 ± 2 ° C bearing up to 3% of body weight (60 min / day, 5 days). Animals from CONO and CONS remained in individual cages for 10 weeks without exercise program. At sacrifice the right femur was removed for bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone strength assessments. The left femur was removedfor bone morphometric analysis. Visceral adipose tissue was removed and weighed. Skin, viscera, head and feet were discharged and the empty carcass (muscle and bone) was used for quantitative analysis of water, fat, protein and ash. Blood samples were collected for analysis of bone alkaline phosphatase (ostas). By the experiment OVX rats exhibited higher (p <0.05) body weight than SHAM. The exercise training programs increased (p <0.05) BMD and BMC in CO and NO. Treadmill training increased (p <0.05) the femur tenacity of bending in CO and the femur flexion strength in CS. Trabecular bone in the head and trochanter of the femur was not affected in CO and NO. Swimming training increased (p <0.05) the width of the femur cortical bone in NO and NS. Visceral fat was reduced (p <0.05) in CO. The percentages of water, fat, protein and ash were not different (p> 0.05) among the experimental groups. The exercise training programs did not increase (p> 0.05) values the alkaline phosphatase in OVX rats. It was concluded that: a)Treadmill and swimming training increased BMD and BMC in OVX rats; b) Treadmilltraining increased the tenacity of the femur in OVX rats; c) Swimming training increased the width of cortical bone in OVX rats and SHAM rats; d) Treadmill training reduced visceral fat in OVX rats; and e) Exercise training programs did not increase the alkaline phosphatase levels in OVX rats.
This study aimed at investigating the effects of different types of exercise (running and swimming) on the bone of ovariectomized (OVX) and whole (SHAM) female rats. Wistar female rats with 20 weeks of age and initial weight of 271,42 ±17,6g (mean ± standard deviation) were used. Ten animals were sacrificed after two weeks of surgery and were termed baseline (GB). The other animals were randomly divided into six groups (n = 12): race OVX (CO); race SHAM (CS); swimming OVX (NO); swimming SHAM (NS), sedentary OVX (CONO); and sedentary SHAM (CONS). All animals were housed in individual cages in a room with temperature of 22 ± 2 ° C and cycle of 12 hours light/dark, where they received daily 20 g of food and water ad libitum. Animals from CO and CS underwent a treadmill running program for 10 weeks (16 m / min, 60 min / day, 5 days / week for 8 weeks with 0% grade and 2 weeks with 10% grade). Animals from NO and NS were submitted to a swimming training program for 10 weeks in a tank with water at 30 ± 2 ° C bearing up to 3% of body weight (60 min / day, 5 days). Animals from CONO and CONS remained in individual cages for 10 weeks without exercise program. At sacrifice the right femur was removed for bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone strength assessments. The left femur was removedfor bone morphometric analysis. Visceral adipose tissue was removed and weighed. Skin, viscera, head and feet were discharged and the empty carcass (muscle and bone) was used for quantitative analysis of water, fat, protein and ash. Blood samples were collected for analysis of bone alkaline phosphatase (ostas). By the experiment OVX rats exhibited higher (p <0.05) body weight than SHAM. The exercise training programs increased (p <0.05) BMD and BMC in CO and NO. Treadmill training increased (p <0.05) the femur tenacity of bending in CO and the femur flexion strength in CS. Trabecular bone in the head and trochanter of the femur was not affected in CO and NO. Swimming training increased (p <0.05) the width of the femur cortical bone in NO and NS. Visceral fat was reduced (p <0.05) in CO. The percentages of water, fat, protein and ash were not different (p> 0.05) among the experimental groups. The exercise training programs did not increase (p> 0.05) values the alkaline phosphatase in OVX rats. It was concluded that: a)Treadmill and swimming training increased BMD and BMC in OVX rats; b) Treadmilltraining increased the tenacity of the femur in OVX rats; c) Swimming training increased the width of cortical bone in OVX rats and SHAM rats; d) Treadmill training reduced visceral fat in OVX rats; and e) Exercise training programs did not increase the alkaline phosphatase levels in OVX rats.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Exercício, Osteoporose, Ovariectomia, Ratos, Exercise, Osteoporosis, Ovariectomy, Rats
Citação
FERNANDES, Bárbara Braga. Influence of differents types of exercise on the bone of ovariectomized and whole female rats. 2010. 72 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Aspectos sócio-culturais do movimento humano; Aspectos biodinâmicos do movimento humano) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2010.