Desenvolvimento de sucos mistos de frutas tropicais adicionados de luteína e epigalocatequina galato
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Data
2009-07-06
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo desenvolver sucos mistos de manga, goiaba e acerola, adicionada de luteína e galato de epigalocatequina (EGCG). As proporções de cada polpa nas formulações foram definidas utilizando o delineamento de misturas simplex e estas formulações foram avaliadas por meio de análises físico-químicas e teste de aceitação. Os sucos formulados continham 35% de polpa, sólidos solúveis totais de 11°Brix e o intervalo de variações das proporções das polpas foram de 12,25-21,00% para manga, 1,75-10,50% para acerola e de 12,25-21,00% para goiaba. Após esta etapa definiu-se as concentrações dos fitoquímicos (luteína e EGCG) a serem adicionadas e determinou-se a concentração aceitável sensorialmente destes componentes na formulação selecionada. Após, elaborou-se as misturas adicionadas de fitoquímicos e avaliou-se a estabilidade destes produtos por um período de 180 dias de armazenamento, por meio de análises físico-químicas, microbiológicas e aceitabilidade sensorial. Além disso, foi estudado o comportamento reológico dos sucos mistos formulados em sete temperaturas (10-70°C) e avaliado o efeito dos sucos sobre a glicemia de ratos diabéticos. Os resultados observados com relação às formulações dos sucos mistos e as escolhas da concentração dos fitoquímicos permitiram concluir que: todas as formulações, obtidas a partir de manga, goiaba e acerola, apresentaram aceitabilidade sensorial; as polpas de goiaba e manga devem participar numa maior proporção da mistura, pois favorecem aceitação; a polpa de acerola contribui para o aumento do teor de vitamina C; a formulação com 13,65% de manga, 18,20% de goiaba e 3,15% de acerola foi a de melhor aceitação pelos provadores; presença ou aumento da concentração dos fitoquímicos, não influenciou a aceitabilidade sensorial dos sucos e foram selecionadas as formulações que continham: 14 mg/L de Luteína, 125,02 mg/L de EGCG, e 14 mg/L e 109,98 mg/L de luteína e EGCG em combinação, respectivamente. Com base nos resultados do estudo da estabilidade dos sucos concluiu-se que os valores de pH, acidez titulável, relação SST/ ATT e carotenóides, apresentaram pequena variação ao longo do tempo de armazenamento; o tempo não influenciou os teores de sólidos solúveis totais, açúcares totais e viscosidade; os teores de açúcares redutores aumentaram com o tempo de armazenagem; com relação ao teor de vitamina C verificou-se uma diminuição com o decorrer do tempo; os sucos adicionados de luteína e de luteína/ EGCG foram os que apresentaram maior teor de carotenóides; os valores de L*, a* e b* diminuíram com o tempo de armazenamento e a diferença total de cor aumentou; a aceitabilidade sensorial e a intenção de compra não foram influenciadas pelo tempo de armazenamento; a estabilidade microbiológica dos sucos foi garantida. Em relação às propriedades reológicas, concluiu-se que os sucos mistos podem ser descritos pelos três modelos (Ostwald-de- Waele, Casson e Herschel-Bulkley); o modelo de Ostwald-de-Waele descreve de forma mais adequada o comportamento reológico, destes produtos; os valores dos índices de comportamento do escoamento (n e nH) foram menores que a unidade, caracterizando os sucos como um fluido não-newtoniano, com características pseudoplásticas; não foi possível observar um comportamento da tensão inicial frente ao aumento da temperatura; os valores da tensão inicial foram muito pequenos e não são representativos; a viscosidade aparente diminuiu com o aumento da temperatura. E por fim, ao avaliar o efeito do consumo dos sucos, concluiu-se que estes apresentaram um efeito positivo sobre a hiperglicemia.
This study s main objective was to develop mixed fruit juices of mango, guava and acerola (Barbados cherry), with added lutein and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The proportions of each pulp in the formulations were defined by using the simplex mixture design, and these formulations were evaluated using physical-chemical analyses and the acceptance test. The formulated juices contained 35% of pulp, total soluble solids of 11°Brix; the variation interval in pulp proportions was 12.25-21.00% for mango, 1.75-10.50% for acerola and 12.25-21.00% for guava. After this stage, the concentrations were defined for the phyto-chemicals (lutein and EGCG) to be added, and the concentration of these components in the selected formulation was decided by sensory acceptance. Next, the mixtures were elaborated with added phyto-chemicals and their stability over a period of 180 days was evaluated by means of physical- chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses. In addition, the rheological behavior of the formulated mixed juices was studied at seven temperatures (10-70°C) and the effect of the juices on diabetic rats glycemia was evaluated. The results observed regarding mixed juice formulations and the choice of phyto-chemical concentration allowed the following conclusions: all the formulations obtained from mango, guava and acerola presented sensory acceptance; the guava and mango pulps should be prevalent in the mixture s proportions, as they increase acceptance; acerola pulp helps to increase vitamin C content; the formulation with 13.65% mango, 18.20% guava and 3.15% acerola was best accepted by testers; presence or increase in the concentration of phytochemicals did not influence the sensorial acceptance of the juices; and the formulations that were selected contained: 14 mg/L of lutein, 125.02 mg/L of EGCG, and 14 mg/L and 109.98 mg/L of lutein and EGCG in combination, respectively. Based on the results of the study of stability of the juices, it was concluded that pH values, titulable acid, SST/ATT relationship and carotenoids presented little variation over storage time; time did not influence the content of total soluble solids, total sugars and viscosity; the reductor sugar content increased with storage time; vitamin C content fell with time stored; juices with added lutein and lutein/EGCG were those that presented the highest carotenoid content; values for L*, a* and b* went down with storage time and the total difference in color increased; sensorial acceptance and buying intention was not affected by storage time; the microbiological stability of the juices was guaranteed. In relation to rheological properties, it was concluded that the mixed juices could be described by the three models (Ostwald-de-Waele, Casson and Herschel- Bulkley); the Ostwald-de-Waele model best describes the rheological behavior of these products; the values of fluid flow behavior rates (n and nH) were lower than the unit, characterizing the juices as a non-Newtonian fluid, with pseudoplastic characteristics; it was not possible to observe an initial tension behavior against temperature rise; the initial tension values were very low and not representative; the apparent viscosity fell with a rise in temperature. Finally, on evaluating the effect of consuming the juices, it was concluded that they presented a positive effect on hyperglycemia.
This study s main objective was to develop mixed fruit juices of mango, guava and acerola (Barbados cherry), with added lutein and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The proportions of each pulp in the formulations were defined by using the simplex mixture design, and these formulations were evaluated using physical-chemical analyses and the acceptance test. The formulated juices contained 35% of pulp, total soluble solids of 11°Brix; the variation interval in pulp proportions was 12.25-21.00% for mango, 1.75-10.50% for acerola and 12.25-21.00% for guava. After this stage, the concentrations were defined for the phyto-chemicals (lutein and EGCG) to be added, and the concentration of these components in the selected formulation was decided by sensory acceptance. Next, the mixtures were elaborated with added phyto-chemicals and their stability over a period of 180 days was evaluated by means of physical- chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses. In addition, the rheological behavior of the formulated mixed juices was studied at seven temperatures (10-70°C) and the effect of the juices on diabetic rats glycemia was evaluated. The results observed regarding mixed juice formulations and the choice of phyto-chemical concentration allowed the following conclusions: all the formulations obtained from mango, guava and acerola presented sensory acceptance; the guava and mango pulps should be prevalent in the mixture s proportions, as they increase acceptance; acerola pulp helps to increase vitamin C content; the formulation with 13.65% mango, 18.20% guava and 3.15% acerola was best accepted by testers; presence or increase in the concentration of phytochemicals did not influence the sensorial acceptance of the juices; and the formulations that were selected contained: 14 mg/L of lutein, 125.02 mg/L of EGCG, and 14 mg/L and 109.98 mg/L of lutein and EGCG in combination, respectively. Based on the results of the study of stability of the juices, it was concluded that pH values, titulable acid, SST/ATT relationship and carotenoids presented little variation over storage time; time did not influence the content of total soluble solids, total sugars and viscosity; the reductor sugar content increased with storage time; vitamin C content fell with time stored; juices with added lutein and lutein/EGCG were those that presented the highest carotenoid content; values for L*, a* and b* went down with storage time and the total difference in color increased; sensorial acceptance and buying intention was not affected by storage time; the microbiological stability of the juices was guaranteed. In relation to rheological properties, it was concluded that the mixed juices could be described by the three models (Ostwald-de-Waele, Casson and Herschel- Bulkley); the Ostwald-de-Waele model best describes the rheological behavior of these products; the values of fluid flow behavior rates (n and nH) were lower than the unit, characterizing the juices as a non-Newtonian fluid, with pseudoplastic characteristics; it was not possible to observe an initial tension behavior against temperature rise; the initial tension values were very low and not representative; the apparent viscosity fell with a rise in temperature. Finally, on evaluating the effect of consuming the juices, it was concluded that they presented a positive effect on hyperglycemia.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Elaboração de misturas, Frutas tropicais, Fitoquímico, Preparation of mixtures, Tropical fruit, Phytochemical
Citação
FARAONI, Aurélia Santos. Development of mixed tropical fruit juices with addition of lutein and epigallocatechin gallate. 2009. 151 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência de Alimentos; Tecnologia de Alimentos; Engenharia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2009.