Estudo comparado das sensilas dos flagelômeros antenais de diferentes castas e sexos da formiga cortadeira Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus Forel, 1893 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
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2023-08-14
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
As antenas dos insetos atuam como receptores de sinais químicos e físicos e são responsáveis pela comunicação. A percepção desses sinais ocorre por estruturas cuticulares denominadas sensilas, que podem ser diferenciadas tanto pela morfologia, quanto pelas funções exercidas, sendo elas quimio- e mecanorreceptivas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e comparar as sensilas presentes nas antenas das diferentes castas (operárias máximas e mínimas e rainhas) e sexos de Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus, utilizando a microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Diferentes tipos de sensilas foram identificadas, sendo elas, céticas dos tipos I, II e III (CtI, CtII e CtIII), tricoides I e II (TI e TII), basicônicas (Ba), ampulacea (Ap) e celocônica (Co). As CtI e CtII se assemelham a pelos, sendo a CtI mais finas e visivelmente menores que as CtII, a CtIII diferencia devido sua curvatura para um lado. As sensilas céticas são as mais abundantes em todas as classes de indivíduos estudadas. As TI possuem comprimento próximo ao das CtI, porém, são mais largas, achatadas e curvadas, acompanhando o formato curvado da antena, sendo normalmente comparadas com o formato de foice. As TII não são achatadas, e com uma leve sinuosidade ao longo de sua estrutura, e são o segundo tipo mais abundante de sensilas em todos os indivíduos estudados. As Ba possuem base larga, são mais arredondadas e com extremidade cônica, afunilando-se pouco em direção à sua extremidade. As Co caracterizam-se por uma depressão na cutícula, contendo uma abertura oval ao centro. As Ap são morfologicamente semelhantes às Co, diferenciando-se apenas pela menor abertura oval ao centro. De forma geral, os mesmos tipos de sensilas foram encontrados nas fêmeas (máximas, mínimas, rainhas) e nos machos de A. subterraneus subterraneus e não há diferenças no comprimento das sensilas medidas, entre todos os tipos de indivíduos estudados. As diferenças com relação a presença ou ausência, e a quantidade dessas sensilas são discutidas, considerando suas funções entres os indivíduos estudados.
Palavras-chave: Insetos. Órgãos sensoriais. Comunicação química e física.
Insect antennae are responsible for communication, acting as chemical and physical signal receivers. The perception of these signals occurs by cuticular structures inserted in the antennae, called sensilla. These structures can be differentiated both by morphology and by the functions performed, being they chemo- or mechanoreceptive. The objective of this work was to describe and compare the sensilla present in the antennae of different castes (maximum and minimum workers, and queens) and sexes of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus, using scanning electron microscopy. Different types of sensilla were identified, namely, skeptic types I, II and III (CtI, CtII and CtIII), trichoid I and II (TI and TII), basiconic (Ba), ampulaceous (Ap) and celoconic (Co). CtI and CtII resemble hairs, CtI are thinner and visibly smaller than CtII. CtIII differentiates from the other two due to its bending to one side. Skeptic sensilla are the most abundant in all studied classes of individuals. The TI have a length similar to that of the CtI, however, they are wider, flattened and curved, following the curved shape of the antenna, being normally compared with the sickle shape. The TII are not flattened and are sinuous structure. The T were the second most abundant sensilla type in all class of individuals. The Ba have a wide base, are more rounded and have a conical end, tapering a little, resembling a finger. The Co is characterized by a circular depression in the cuticle, containing an oval opening in the center. Ap are morphologically similar to Co, differing only by the smaller oval opening in the center. In general, the same types of sensilla are found in females (maxima, minima, queens) and males of A. subterraneus subterraneus and there are no differences in the length of the measured sensilla between the individuals. The differences regarding the presence or absence, and the number of antennal sensilla are discussed regarding to their functions among the studied groups. Keywords: Insects. Sensory organs. Chemical and physical communication
Insect antennae are responsible for communication, acting as chemical and physical signal receivers. The perception of these signals occurs by cuticular structures inserted in the antennae, called sensilla. These structures can be differentiated both by morphology and by the functions performed, being they chemo- or mechanoreceptive. The objective of this work was to describe and compare the sensilla present in the antennae of different castes (maximum and minimum workers, and queens) and sexes of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus, using scanning electron microscopy. Different types of sensilla were identified, namely, skeptic types I, II and III (CtI, CtII and CtIII), trichoid I and II (TI and TII), basiconic (Ba), ampulaceous (Ap) and celoconic (Co). CtI and CtII resemble hairs, CtI are thinner and visibly smaller than CtII. CtIII differentiates from the other two due to its bending to one side. Skeptic sensilla are the most abundant in all studied classes of individuals. The TI have a length similar to that of the CtI, however, they are wider, flattened and curved, following the curved shape of the antenna, being normally compared with the sickle shape. The TII are not flattened and are sinuous structure. The T were the second most abundant sensilla type in all class of individuals. The Ba have a wide base, are more rounded and have a conical end, tapering a little, resembling a finger. The Co is characterized by a circular depression in the cuticle, containing an oval opening in the center. Ap are morphologically similar to Co, differing only by the smaller oval opening in the center. In general, the same types of sensilla are found in females (maxima, minima, queens) and males of A. subterraneus subterraneus and there are no differences in the length of the measured sensilla between the individuals. The differences regarding the presence or absence, and the number of antennal sensilla are discussed regarding to their functions among the studied groups. Keywords: Insects. Sensory organs. Chemical and physical communication
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Formiga-cortadeira - Comportamento, Antenas (Biologia), Órgãos dos sentidos, Comunicação animal
Citação
NORONHA, Weslane Silva. Estudo comparado das sensilas dos flagelômeros antenais
de diferentes castas e sexos da formiga cortadeira Acromyrmex
subterraneus subterraneus Forel, 1893 (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae). 2023. 38 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.