Dissulfeto de difenila e liral em colônias de Atta sexdens
Data
2022-08-16
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
As formigas-cortadeiras são uma das principais pragas encontradas nas Américas, causando danos aos setores agrícola, florestal e de pastagens. As cortadeiras são de difícil controle, pois possuem diversas estratégias de defesa contra os patógenos e seleção dos vegetais que cortam, evitam determinadas plantas com compostos danosos à colônia ou a seu fungo simbionte. Atualmente, são utilizados a sulfluramida e o fipronil como ingredientes ativos para o controle das cortadeiras, porém, foram listados como “pesticidas altamente perigosos” pela Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). Assim, diversos estudos em andamento buscam novas moléculas com potencial de controle para esses insetos. Objetivou-se neste trabalho quantificar o efeito de diferentes concentrações das substâncias dissulfeto de difenila e liral no crescimento do fungo L. gongylophorus. E avaliar o efeito na aplicação tópica e dieta artificial na sobrevivência de operárias forrageadoras e jardineiras de Atta sexdens. Foi analisada a interação entre as operárias de A. sexdens por meio do algoritmo do programa Ethoflow para verificar quais castas estão disseminando os compostos em estudo por via tópica. Os compostos usados não tiveram efeito significativo ao L. gongylophorus; não alterando a massa e nem a área de crescimento do fungo. O oferecimento da dieta-artificial a ambas as castas não apresentou diferença significativa quando comparado ao controle. A aplicação tópica dos dois compostos causou mortalidade significativa nas castas forrageadoras e jardineiras, reduzindo a sobrevivência com o aumento das concentrações dos compostos. Além disso, a interação entre castas forrageadoras tratadas e não tratadas foi maior com o dissulfeto de difenila. Diante do exposto, o composto dissulfeto de difenila apresentou características com potencial para o controle de formigas-cortadeiras. Palavras-chave: Toxicidade. Interação. Sobrevivência.
Leaf-cutting ants are one of the major pests found in the Americas causing damage to the agricultural, forestry and pasture sectors. The leaf-cutting ants are of hard control because they have several defense strategies against the pathogens and selection of the plants they cut, avoiding certain plants with compounds harmful to the colony or its symbiotic fungus. Currently, sulfluramid and fipronil are used as active ingredients for the control of leaf-cutting ants, but both compounds have been listed as “highly hazardous pesticides” by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). Thus, several ongoing studies are looking for new molecules with potential to control these insects. The objective of this work was to quantify the effect of different concentrations of diphenyl disulfide and lyral on the growth of the fungus L. gongylophorus. And to evaluate the effect of topical application and artificial diet on the survival of foragers and gardeners of Atta sexdens. It was analyzed the interaction between A. sexdens workers using the software Ethoflow to verify which castes are spreading the compounds under study topically. The used compounds had no significant effect on L. gongylophorus; not altering the weight nor the growth volume of the fungus was changed. The offering of the artificial diet to both castes showed no significant difference when compared to the control. The topical application of the two compounds caused significant mortality in foragers and gardeners, reducing their survival with the increasing concentrations of the compounds. Furthermore, the interaction between treated and untreated foragers was greater with diphenyl disulfide. In view of the above, the diphenyl disulfide compound presented characteristics with potential for the control of leaf-cutting ants. Keywords: Toxicity. Behavior. Survival.
Leaf-cutting ants are one of the major pests found in the Americas causing damage to the agricultural, forestry and pasture sectors. The leaf-cutting ants are of hard control because they have several defense strategies against the pathogens and selection of the plants they cut, avoiding certain plants with compounds harmful to the colony or its symbiotic fungus. Currently, sulfluramid and fipronil are used as active ingredients for the control of leaf-cutting ants, but both compounds have been listed as “highly hazardous pesticides” by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). Thus, several ongoing studies are looking for new molecules with potential to control these insects. The objective of this work was to quantify the effect of different concentrations of diphenyl disulfide and lyral on the growth of the fungus L. gongylophorus. And to evaluate the effect of topical application and artificial diet on the survival of foragers and gardeners of Atta sexdens. It was analyzed the interaction between A. sexdens workers using the software Ethoflow to verify which castes are spreading the compounds under study topically. The used compounds had no significant effect on L. gongylophorus; not altering the weight nor the growth volume of the fungus was changed. The offering of the artificial diet to both castes showed no significant difference when compared to the control. The topical application of the two compounds caused significant mortality in foragers and gardeners, reducing their survival with the increasing concentrations of the compounds. Furthermore, the interaction between treated and untreated foragers was greater with diphenyl disulfide. In view of the above, the diphenyl disulfide compound presented characteristics with potential for the control of leaf-cutting ants. Keywords: Toxicity. Behavior. Survival.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Formiga-cortadeira - Controle, Teste de toxicidade, Relação inseto-planta, Sobrevivência
Citação
GRAEBIN, Andressa. Dissulfeto de difenila e liral em colônias de Atta sexdens. 2022. 49 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2022.