Um estudo de assimetrias induzidas em sistemas magnéticos
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Esta tese tem o objetivo de fornecer um estudo do papel fundamental das assimetrias - sejam elas geométricas, de campo ou intrínsecas às interações - na estabilização e dinâmica de texturas magnéticas quirais. O trabalho centraliza-se na exploração de solitons topológicos, como skyrmions, bimerons e paredes de domínio, analisando como a quebra de simetria influência seu transporte. Inicialmente, abordamos a conversão orientada entre skyrmions e bimerons. Por meio de simulações de Monte Carlo em sistemas com interação Dzyaloshinskii- Moriya (DMI) e anisotropia de eixo fácil, demonstramos que a aplicação de campos magnéticos no plano permite a transição controlada entre essas texturas, identificando o espaço de parâmetros crítico para essa fenomenologia. Em um segundo momento, apresentamos a teoria do DMI Bias. Este modelo teórico explica como a conjugação entre a interação DMI e assimetrias geométricas induz um deslocamento na curva de histerese magnética (bias), análogo ao efeito de exchange bias, mas de origem puramente intrínseca e geométrica do material. Baseado no efeito DMI Bias, propomos um sistema capaz de exibir um transporte assimétrico de paredes de domínio em nanofitas com defeitos geométricos, revelando que a DMI e um campo magnético externo aplicado atuam como um seletor de direção para a dinâmica do soliton. Os nossos resultados apresentam forte aplicação no desenvolvimento da computação neuromórfica e na área de spintrônica. Palavras-chave: skyrmions; bimerons; paredes de domínio; exchange bias
This thesis its objective a study of the fundamental role of asymmetries—whether geometric, field, or intrinsic to interactions—in the stabilization and dynamics of chiral magnetic textures. The work focuses on the exploration of topological solitons, such as skyrmions, bimerons, and domain walls, analyzing how symmetry breaking influences their transport. Initially, we address the oriented conversion between skyrmions and bimerons. Through Monte Carlo simulations in systems with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DMI) interaction and easy-axis anisotropy, we demonstrate that the application of magnetic fields in the plane allows for the controlled transition between these textures, identifying the critical parameter space for this phenomenology. Subsequently, we present the theory of DMI Bias. This theoretical model explains how the combination of DMI interaction and geometric asymmetries induces a shift in the magnetic hysteresis (bias) curve, analogous to the exchange bias effect, but of purely intrinsic and geometric origin to the material. Based on the DMI Bias effect, we propose a system capable of exhibiting asymmetric domain wall transport in nanoribbons with geometric defects, revealing that DMI and an applied external magnetic field act as a direction selector for the soliton dynamics. Our results have strong applications in the development of neuromorphic computing and in the field of spintronics. Keywords: skyrmions; bimerons; domain walls; exchange bias
This thesis its objective a study of the fundamental role of asymmetries—whether geometric, field, or intrinsic to interactions—in the stabilization and dynamics of chiral magnetic textures. The work focuses on the exploration of topological solitons, such as skyrmions, bimerons, and domain walls, analyzing how symmetry breaking influences their transport. Initially, we address the oriented conversion between skyrmions and bimerons. Through Monte Carlo simulations in systems with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DMI) interaction and easy-axis anisotropy, we demonstrate that the application of magnetic fields in the plane allows for the controlled transition between these textures, identifying the critical parameter space for this phenomenology. Subsequently, we present the theory of DMI Bias. This theoretical model explains how the combination of DMI interaction and geometric asymmetries induces a shift in the magnetic hysteresis (bias) curve, analogous to the exchange bias effect, but of purely intrinsic and geometric origin to the material. Based on the DMI Bias effect, we propose a system capable of exhibiting asymmetric domain wall transport in nanoribbons with geometric defects, revealing that DMI and an applied external magnetic field act as a direction selector for the soliton dynamics. Our results have strong applications in the development of neuromorphic computing and in the field of spintronics. Keywords: skyrmions; bimerons; domain walls; exchange bias
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SOUZA, Sidnei Fernandes de. Um estudo de assimetrias induzidas em sistemas magnéticos. 2026. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Física) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
