Potencial do óleo essencial de Varronia curassavica Jacq. no controle do fungo Fusarium oxysporum
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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As plantas medicinais produzem metabólitos secundários comumente utilizados como recursos terapêuticos, dentre eles destacam-se os óleos essenciais, os quais também podem apresentar potencial de uso no controle de fungos fitopatogênicos de importância agrícola. Varronia curassavica Jacq., Boraginaceae, é popularmente conhecida como erva baleeira e apresenta propriedades anti-inflamatórias e diversas pesquisas têm evidenciado significativa atividade antifúngica e antimicrobiana do óleo essencial extraído de suas folhas. O fungo Fusarium oxysporum é um fitopatógeno de solo que causa murcha vascular em culturas de grande importância agrícola. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar “in vitro” a atividade antifúngica do óleo essencial de Varronia curassavica sobre Fusarium oxysporum. O óleo essencial foi extraído das folhas da erva baleeira por hidrodestilação em aparelho Clevenger por 4h, e, posteriormente diluído em meio batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA) com dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) (1%), nas concentrações 0, 500 e 3000 mg L-1, sendo a concentração 0 mg L-¹ o controle. Um volume de 20 mL de meio contendo as respectivas concentrações do óleo foi vertida em placas de Petri estéreis descartáveis. Após a solidificação do meio inseriu-se um disco de 5,23 mm do micélio do fungo F. oxysporum no centro de cada placa, a qual incubou-se em BOD à 26°C com fotoperíodo de 12h durante seis dias. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. A percentagem de redução do crescimento micelial do fungo em relação ao controle foi calculada em função das diferentes concentrações de óleo essencial testadas. O óleo da erva-baleeira nas concentrações 500 e 3000 mg L-1 promoveu redução do crescimento micelial de 29,48% e 41,63% respectivamente, no último dia de avaliação. Concluiu-se que o óleo essencial extraído de folhas de V. curassavica apresenta potencial antifúngico no controle de F. oxysporum, sendo uma alternativa para compor novas formulações visando o controle deste fitopatógeno. Palavras-chave: plantas medicinais; fitopatógenos; compostos voláteis; controle fitossanitário; constituintes fitoquímicos.
Medicinal plants produce secondary metabolites that are commonly used as therapeutic resources, which may also have potential for use in the control of agriculturally important phytopathogenic fungi. Varronia curassavica Jacq., Boraginaceae, is known as “erva baleeira” and has anti-inflammatory properties and several studies have shown significant antifungal and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extracted from its leaves. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne phytopathogen that causes vascular wilt in crops of great agricultural importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Varronia curassavica essential oil on Fusarium oxysporum in vitro. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of “erva baleeira” by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus for 4h and then diluted in potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1%) at concentrations of 0, 500 and 3000 mg L-1, with 0 mg L-1 being the control concentration. A volume of 20 mL of culture medium containing the respective oil concentrations was poured into sterile, disposable Petri dishes. After the culture medium had solidified, a 5.23 mm disc of Fusarium oxysporum mycelium was inserted into the center of each plate, which was incubated in a BOD at 26°C with a 12h photoperiod for six days. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The percentage reduction in mycelial growth of the fungus in relation to the control was calculated according to the different concentrations of essential oil tested. “Erva baleeira” oil at concentrations of 500 mg L -1 and 3000 mg L-1 caused micelial growth reduction of 29,48% and 41,63%, respectively, on the last day of evaluation. It was concluded that the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Varronia curassavica has antifungal potential for controlling F. oxysporum and is an alternative for new formulations to control this phytopathogen Keywords: medicinal plants; phytopathogens; volatile compounds; phytosanitary control; phytochemical constituents.
Medicinal plants produce secondary metabolites that are commonly used as therapeutic resources, which may also have potential for use in the control of agriculturally important phytopathogenic fungi. Varronia curassavica Jacq., Boraginaceae, is known as “erva baleeira” and has anti-inflammatory properties and several studies have shown significant antifungal and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extracted from its leaves. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne phytopathogen that causes vascular wilt in crops of great agricultural importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Varronia curassavica essential oil on Fusarium oxysporum in vitro. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of “erva baleeira” by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus for 4h and then diluted in potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1%) at concentrations of 0, 500 and 3000 mg L-1, with 0 mg L-1 being the control concentration. A volume of 20 mL of culture medium containing the respective oil concentrations was poured into sterile, disposable Petri dishes. After the culture medium had solidified, a 5.23 mm disc of Fusarium oxysporum mycelium was inserted into the center of each plate, which was incubated in a BOD at 26°C with a 12h photoperiod for six days. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The percentage reduction in mycelial growth of the fungus in relation to the control was calculated according to the different concentrations of essential oil tested. “Erva baleeira” oil at concentrations of 500 mg L -1 and 3000 mg L-1 caused micelial growth reduction of 29,48% and 41,63%, respectively, on the last day of evaluation. It was concluded that the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Varronia curassavica has antifungal potential for controlling F. oxysporum and is an alternative for new formulations to control this phytopathogen Keywords: medicinal plants; phytopathogens; volatile compounds; phytosanitary control; phytochemical constituents.
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CANÊDO, Isabela Domingues. Potencial do óleo essencial de Varronia curassavica Jacq. no controle do fungo Fusarium oxysporum. 2025. 29 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Ciências Biológicas – Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
