Monitoramento ambiental de área controlada para produção de orquídeas: caracterização sazonal das variáveis climáticas
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Revista Ponto de Vista
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AOrchidaceae é uma das mais numerosas famílias vegetais entre as Angiospermas, sendo possível encontrar orquídeas em praticamente todas as regiões do mundo. O Brasil, com território vasto e diverso, é privilegiado quanto à presença de inúmeras espécies de orquídeas. Muito apreciadas por sua diversidade, as orquídeas estão entre as plantas mais cultivadas. Para seu desenvolvimento e crescimento adequados, é necessário um cultivo favorável, em que as condições ambientais da casa de vegetação ou orquidário sejam similaresàs condições naturais do habitat de origem. A caracterização ambiental é importante por disponibilizar uma análise das condições em que as plantas se encontram e se as mesmas estão adequadas ou não. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar ambientalmente a casa de vegetação do Projeto Orquídeas no CAp-COLUNIpara um mês típico detransição dooutono para oinverno. A casa de vegetação em questão continhaum total de 350 plantas cultivadas com inúmeras espécies. A caracterização ambiental foi feita através da mensuração diária das variáveis climáticas que influenciam o metabolismo vegetal. Temperatura ar (Ta), umidade relativa do ar(UR)e intensidade luminosa(Lum)foram mensuradas às 6h, 9h, 12h, 15he18h durante o período de 26/05 a 01/07/2011. Analisando os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que os fatores ambientais se mostraram satisfatórios, uma vez que, de acordo com dados bibliográficos, a temperatura ótima para a maioria das orquídeas brasileiras está entre 15 e 25°C, a URideal está entre 60 a 80% e a luminosidade interna adequada é igual a 1/2 a 1/3 da externa.
The Orchidaceae is one of the most numerous plant families among Angiosperms, and it is possible to find orchids in practically all regions of the world. Brazil, with vast and diverse territory, is privileged as to the presence of numerous species of orchids. Much appreciated for their diversity, orchids are among the most cultivated plants. For its proper development and growth, favorable cultivation is necessary, in which the environmental conditions of the greenhouse or nursery are similar to the natural conditions of the original habitat. Environmental characterization is important because it provides an analysis of the conditions in which the plants are found and whether they are suitable or not. The present work aims tocharacterize environmentally the greenhouse of the Orchids Project at CAp-COLUNI for a typical month of transition from autumn to winter. The greenhouse in question contained a total of 350 plants grown with numerous species. The environmental characterization was made through the daily measurement of climatic variables that influence plant metabolism. Ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH) and light intensity were measured at 6:00 am, 9:00 am, 12:00 pm, 3:00 pm and 6:00 pm during the period from 05/26 to 07/01/2011. Analyzing the results obtained, it is concluded that the environmental factors were satisfactory, since, according to bibliographic data, the optimal temperature for most Brazilian orchids is between 15 and 25 ° C, the ideal RH is between 60 to80% and adequate internal brightness is equal to 1/2 to 1/3 of the external.
The Orchidaceae is one of the most numerous plant families among Angiosperms, and it is possible to find orchids in practically all regions of the world. Brazil, with vast and diverse territory, is privileged as to the presence of numerous species of orchids. Much appreciated for their diversity, orchids are among the most cultivated plants. For its proper development and growth, favorable cultivation is necessary, in which the environmental conditions of the greenhouse or nursery are similar to the natural conditions of the original habitat. Environmental characterization is important because it provides an analysis of the conditions in which the plants are found and whether they are suitable or not. The present work aims tocharacterize environmentally the greenhouse of the Orchids Project at CAp-COLUNI for a typical month of transition from autumn to winter. The greenhouse in question contained a total of 350 plants grown with numerous species. The environmental characterization was made through the daily measurement of climatic variables that influence plant metabolism. Ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH) and light intensity were measured at 6:00 am, 9:00 am, 12:00 pm, 3:00 pm and 6:00 pm during the period from 05/26 to 07/01/2011. Analyzing the results obtained, it is concluded that the environmental factors were satisfactory, since, according to bibliographic data, the optimal temperature for most Brazilian orchids is between 15 and 25 ° C, the ideal RH is between 60 to80% and adequate internal brightness is equal to 1/2 to 1/3 of the external.
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NUNES, E. L. et al. Monitoramento ambiental de área controlada para produção de orquídeas: caracterização sazonal das variáveis climáticas. Revista Ponto de Vista, Viçosa, v. 9, n. 2, p. 1-17, 2020.
