Fitotecnia - Artigos
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11742
Coleção de Artigos publicados por Docentes, Técnicos e Discentes vinculados ao departamento de Fitotecnia da UFV.
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104 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Chemical and physical characteristics of ‘improved sunrise solo line 72-12’ papaya fruits submitted to different mechanical damage(Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2016) Salomão, Luiz Carlos Chamhum; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Aquino, César Fernandes; Lins, Leila Cristina Rosa De; Braga, Luciano RibeiroThis study aimed to evaluate some changes in the metabolism of papaya fruits submitted to damage by impact, abrasion and compression. Injuries were caused in two areas of 15 cm2 each; in diametrically opposite positions in the equatorial region of ‘Improved Sunrise Solo Line 72/12’ papaya fruits in ripening stage 3 (fruits with 25-40% of yellow skin). After damage, fruits were stored at 15 ± 1 °C and 85 ± 5% RH, and samples were taken at intervals of two days to evaluate skin color index, incidence of diseases, loss of fresh weight, leak of solutes, pulp firmness, soluble solids content and pectinmethylesterase and polygalacturonase activities. The respiratory rate was measured at intervals of 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after damage. The results show the suppressive effects of mechanical damage on the final quality and also on fruit shelf life. Mechanically damaged fruits anticipated ripening, with skin color indexes higher than control fruits. Abrasion was the damage that caused more dramatic effects, showing, at the end of the study period, loss of fresh weight and leak of solutes of 27% and 18.7%, respectively, higher than control fruits. In addition, fruits submitted to this type of damage have higher respiratory rate and also higher rot incidence. The pectinmethylesterase and polygalacturonase activity was not consistently changed in relation to damage. Similarly, there was no difference in soluble solids content.Item Physical-Chemical quality of mango ‘Ubá’ (Mangifera indica L.) fruits submitted to impact mechanical damage at harvest(Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2017-06) Pacheco, Anália Lúcia Vieira; Borges, Karina Schulz; Vieira, Gerival; Freitas, Gilberto Bernardo de; Cecon, Paulo RobertoThe objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of ‘Ubá’ mango fruit submitted to mechanical damage. The fruits were harvested in the 2012/2013 harvest, and let to drop once on a flat, hard surface, simulating the harvesting process of ‘Ubá’ mango, which is to drop all the fruits of a plant when they are physiologically mature. Treatments consisted of different drop heights (zero, one, two, three, four and five meters), totaling six treatments. After the fall, the fruits were submitted to ripening, and then evaluated for fresh mass loss (FML), presence of external lesions (PEL), presence of internal lesions (PIL), soluble solids content (SS),titratable acidity (TA), pH, SS/TA ratio and vitamin C. There was no difference between fresh weight loss of the dropped fruits and control. Regarding the presence of external and internal lesions, damage in fruits due to drop height tends to increase. The fruits that were not dropped presented higher SS content than the others, while those that fell from a height of 5 m had the vitamin C content reduced by 27.78% compared to control. The decrease in SS content and vitamin C was influenced by damage caused by the impact. It is concluded that mechanical damage caused by the impact interferes in the main attributes of quality of fruits and pulp of “Ubá” mango.Item Production, chemical composition, and quality of Arabic coffee subjected to copper doses(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2018-04) Martinez, Herminia Emilia Prieto; Lacerda, José Soares de; Clemente, Junia Maria; Silva Filho, Jaime Barros da; Pedrosa, Adriene Woods; Santos, Ricardo Henrique Silva; Cecon, Paulo RobertoThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of copper on the chemical composition of coffee beans and on the quality of the beverage, relating both of them to the Cu leaf contents in coffee (Coffea arabica) plants. Coffee plants were grown in a hydroponic system containing 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 μmol L-1 Cu until fruit setting. Coffee bean production was evaluated, and, after the cherries were dried, the following characteristics were determined: leaf Cu content; total titratable acidity; color index; electrical conductivity; leached K; polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity; concentrations of caffeine, trigonelline, organic acids, total phenols, chlorogenic acids (3-CQA, 4-CQA, and 5-CQA), sucrose, glucose, arabinose, mannose, and galactose; and sensory quality of roasted beans. Cu increased bean yield, PPO activity, and the concentrations of organic acids, 3-CQA, sucrose, and arabinose. Total titratable acidity, total phenols, 4-CQA, and 5-CQA were reduced with increasing Cu doses. Leaf contents related to the maximum and minimum values of desirable and undesirable quality attributes ranged from 5.6 to 11.4 mg kg-1 Cu, respectively. Copper affects the production and chemical composition of coffee beans, and the attributes related to quality are maximized in plants with low leaf contents of the nutrient.Item Teores de carboidratos em limeiras ácidas 'Tahiti' tratadas com paclobutrazol(Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2007-08) Cruz, Maria do Céu Monteiro da; Siqueira, Dalmo Lopes de; Salomão, Luiz Carlos Chamhum; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Santos, Dierlei dosO paclobutrazol (PBZ) pode retardar o crescimento e induzir o florescimento de citros mediante a inibição da biossíntese de giberelinas. Além disso, outras características das plantas podem ser influenciadas pela aplicação do PBZ, como as concentrações e distribuição de carboidratos. O trabalho foi realizado com objetivo de estudar as possíveis relações entre concentrações e distribuição de carboidratos na planta e a aplicação do PBZ, em limeiras 'Tahiti' enxertadas sobre limoeiro 'Cravo' e cultivadas em vasos de cinco litros. O PBZ foi aplicado nas plantas conduzidas em câmara de crescimento, sob temperatura controlada (28º C dia/ 18º C noite) e fotoperíodo de 16 horas de luz, com fluxo de fótons fotossintético de aproximadamente 170 µmol m-2 s-1. A aplicação do PBZ causou reduções significativas dos teores foliares de carboidratos por ter induzido maior florescimento da limeira ácida 'Tahiti'. A aplicação do paclobutrazol resultou no acúmulo de reservas de carboidratos nas raízes.Item Seleção simultânea de Coffea canephora por meio da combinação de análise de fatores e índices de seleção(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2005-12) Ferreira, Adésio; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Ferrão, Romário Gava; Silva, Marcia Flores da; Fonseca, Aymbiré Francisco Almeida da; Ferrão, Maria Amélia GavaO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possibilidade do emprego de índices de seleção em complexos fatoriais, de modo a auxiliar na seleção simultânea de caracteres de Coffea canephora var. Conilon, na predição de ganhos por seleção. Foram analisados e avaliados quatorze características e 40 genótipos de dois experimentos, pertencentes ao programa de melhoramento genético de café 'Conilon' do Incaper, Marilândia, ES, e em Sooretama, ES. Os experimentos foram instalados em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e duas plantas úteis por parcela. O uso dos complexos fatoriais eliminou o problema da multicolinearidade e permitiu a adequada utilização da teoria de índice de seleção, para melhoramento simultâneo de caracteres. Foram utilizados os índices de seleção de Smith e Hazel e de Pesek & Baker, e o primeiro foi a melhor alternativa na obtenção de ganhos simultâneos adequados. A utilização conjunta das técnicas multivariadas de análise de fatores, para simplificação estrutural prévia no número de caracteres, e de índices de seleção na predição de ganhos simultâneos são alternativas eficientes no melhoramento genético da cultura.Item Artificial shading promotes growth of taro plants(Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2018-04) Puiatti, Mário; Finger, Fernando Luiz; Gondim, Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira; Cecon, Paulo RobertoTaro (Colocasia esculenta) is a plant with a long crop cycle, what hinders its cultivation in properties with area limitations. The association of crops is an option for this kind of situation. However, in order to plan the cultivation using the intercropping system, it is important to define the tolerance levels of the taro plants and the period of highest sensibility to shading. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of the 'Japanese' taro crop, regarding growth, cultivated under levels and periods of artificial shading. A split-plot randomized block design, with 13 treatments and four replications, was used. The plots consisted of four shading levels (control = full sun, 18 %, 30 % and 50 % of shade), maintained throughout the cycle or during three months, in three periods (initial = 0-3 months; intermediate = 3-6 months; final = 6-9 months). The subplot was composed of eight plant samples (60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 and 270 days after planting). The shading levels increased the total and specific leaf area, leaf area and mass ratios and dry mass partition. Thus, the taro plants showed the capacity to make leaf adjustments to suit changes in light intensity. The shading intensity of 18 %, during the whole cycle or in any of the periods studied, provides a high expansion of the leaf area.Item Sample size for full-sib family evaluation in sugarcane(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2009-12) Leite, Mauro Sergio de Oliveira; Peternelli, Luiz Alexandre; Barbosa, Márcio Henrique Pereira; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Cruz, Cosme DamiãoThe objective of this study was to determine the minimum number of plants per plot that must be sampled in experiments with sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) full-sib families in order to provide an effective estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters of yield-related traits. The data were collected in a randomized complete block design with 18 sugarcane full-sib families and 6 replicates, with 20 plants per plot. The sample size was determined using resampling techniques with replacement, followed by an estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters. Sample-size estimates varied according to the evaluated parameter and trait. The resampling method permits an efficient comparison of the sample-size effects on the estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters. A sample of 16 plants per plot, or 96 individuals per family, was sufficient to obtain good estimates for all traits considered of all the characters evaluated. However, for Brix, if sample separation by trait were possible, ten plants per plot would give an efficient estimate for most of the characters evaluated.Item Valor e predição do nível crítico de índices para avaliar o estado nitrogenado da batateira(Revista Ciência Agronômica, 2013-01) Coelho, Fabrício Silva; Fontes, Paulo Cezar Rezende; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Braun, Heder; Silva, Ivo Ribeiro daIndependentemente do índice de nitrogênio (N) utilizado, a existência de valores aceitos como concentração crítica é necessária para uso como padrão de referência. Objetivou-se estabelecer níveis críticos do índice SPAD, ângulo Hue, concentração de N-total e massa da matéria seca da quarta-folha da batateira por dois métodos e utilizar tais níveis críticos para a predição do estado de N da planta com base na produtividade relativa. Os experimentos foram conduzidos nas safras "de inverno" e "das águas". Os tratamentos foram constituídos por 5 doses de N aplicadas em pré-plantio (0; 50; 100; 200 e 300 kg ha-1 de N), na forma de uréia. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso com 4 repetições. A cultivar de batata utilizada foi a Ágata. Aos 21 dias após a emergência (DAE) foram determinados o índice SPAD, concentração de N-total, ângulo Hue e massa da matéria seca da quarta-folha a partir do ápice da batateira (MSQF). Para o cálculo do valor do nível crítico foram utilizados o procedimento gráfico de Cate-Nelson e matemático. Os erros da predição do diagnóstico do estado de N, a partir dos níveis críticos, foram estimados a partir do método gráfico de Cate-Nelson, quantificando-se a porcentagem de observações localizadas nos quadrantes negativos. Houve aparente discrepância no valor do nível crítico dos índices de N utilizando-se os dois procedimentos de cálculo. Os níveis críticos determinados aos 21 DAE são adequados para fazer avaliações relativamente precisas de suficiência de N em um estádio precoce de avaliação.Item Classificação de famílias do feijoeiro sob diferentes cenários de dependência espacial e precisão experimental(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2016-02) Campos, Josmar Furtado de; Carneiro, Antonio Policarpo Souza; Peternelli, Luiz Alexandre; Carneiro, José Eustáquio de Souza; Silva, Michele Jorge da; Cecon, Paulo RobertoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da análise estatística espacial, em comparação a análises usuais em blocos ao acaso e em látice, na classificação de famílias de feijoeiro ( Phaseolus vulgaris), sob diferentes cenários de dependência espacial e de precisão experimental. Foram considerados 12 cenários, formados por quatro classes de dependência espacial entre erros (nula, baixa, média e alta) e três classes de precisão experimental (moderada, alta e muito alta). Para as três classes de precisão experimental, foram definidos os valores de acurácia seletiva de: 0,60, 0,80 e 0,95, respectivamente. Já as quatro classes de dependência espacial entre erros assumiram, respectivamente, os seguintes valores de alcance do modelo geoestatístico exponencial: 0, 10, 20 e 40 m. Para experimentos com precisão experimental muito alta ou ausência de dependência espacial, a eficiência da análise espacial para classificação de famílias do feijoeiro é semelhante à eficiência das análises usuais. Para experimentos com alta e, principalmente, com moderada precisão experimental, a análise espacial é mais eficiente que as análises usuais para classificação de famílias de feijoeiro, quando os erros apresentam dependência espacial.Item Evaluation of rootstocks for ‘Tahiti’ acid lime in northern state of Minas Gerais(Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2017) Machado, Daniel Lucas Magalhães; Siqueira, Dalmo Lopes de; Salomão, Luiz Carlos Chamhum; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Silva, Danielle Fabíola Pereira daThe aim of this study was to evaluate 12 rootstock varieties on the development and quality of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime fruits cultivated in the municipality of Jaíba, MG. Seedlings were planted in an experimental orchard in November 2008, using 8 x 5 meters spacing and drip irrigation. The experiment was conducted using a scion cultivar (Tahiti acid lime, IAC-5 cultivar) and the following 12 rootstocks: ‘Rangpur’ lime, ‘Troyer’ citrange, ‘Carrizo’ citrange, 1707 hybrid (Rangpur lime x Swingle trifoliate), 1710 and 1697 citrandarins, 1708citradia, ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, ‘Cleopatra’ and ‘Sunki’ mandarins, ‘Volkamer’ lemon, and ‘Limeira’ trifoliate. A randomized block design with five replicates and three trees per plot was used. Trunk diameter of both rootstock and scion, as well as height, diameter, and canopy volume, yield, fruit mass, number of fruits per tree, productivity, production efficiency index, longitudinal diameter, equatorial diameter, total soluble solids, total acidity, and vitamin C content of fruits were evaluated. ‘Volkameriano’ and ‘Cleopatra’ rootstocks promoted higher plant vigor and productivity for ‘Tahiti’ acid lime. However, ‘Limeira’ trifoliate and ‘Troyer’ citrange produced less vigor, but increased production efficiency; and can be used as alternative rootstocks for ‘Rangpur’ lime, as long as adjustments are performed in the planting spacing to increase productivity. In general, no differences in physical and chemical characteristics of fruits for all treatments were found, and fruits remained within commercial standards.