Produção do tomateiro em função de doses de nitrogênio e da adubação orgânica em duas épocas de cultivo
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Data
2003-07-04
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Horticultura Brasileira
Resumo
A produção de frutos de tomateiro em resposta a doses de nitrogênio e à adubação orgânica foi avaliada em dois experimentos de campo conduzidos na primavera-verão e no outono-primavera, em 1999. Os experimentos foram instalados Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em solo da classe Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Câmbico. Em ambos, as doses de N aplicadas, na forma de nitrocálcio, foram 0, 110, 220, 440 e 880 kg/ha e as doses de matéria orgânica, na forma de esterco bovino curtido, foram 0 e 8 t/ha. Os experimentos seguiram o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, no arranjo fatorial 5x2, com quatro repetições. A produtividade foi influenciada pelas doses de N, nos dois níveis de matéria orgânica, nas duas épocas. No experimento de primavera-verão, as máximas produções total, comercial e extra foram 44,78; 25,10 e 23,52 t/ha, obtidas com as doses de 530,2; 464,2 e 434,8 kg/ha de nitrogênio, respectivamente, sem adição de matéria orgânica; e 45,75; 25,87 e 24,53 t/ha, obtidas com as doses de 574,2; 513,3 e 599,8 kg/ha de nitrogênio, respectivamente, com adição de matéria orgânica. No experimento de outono-primavera, as produções foram 99,37; 78,87 e 69,93 t/ha, obtidas com as doses de 525,4; 533,9 e 557,5 kg/ha de nitrogênio, respectivamente, sem adição de matéria orgânica; e 108,74; 87,08 e 78,09 t/ha, obtidas com as doses de 589,6; 575,3 e 557,4 kg/ha de nitrogênio, respectivamente, com adição de matéria orgânica. A adição de matéria orgânica ao solo aumentou a dose do adubo nitrogenado necessária à obtenção das máximas produções total, comercial e extra de frutos de tomate, em ambas as épocas de plantio.
The tomato plants yield as a result of nitrogen doses and organic fertilization was evaluated in two field experiments carried out in spring-summer and autumn-spring, in 1999. The experiments were carried aut at the Federal University of Viçosa, in a Cambic Red-Yellow Argisol. In both, the N doses applied, in the nitrocalcium form, were 0, 110, 220, 440 and 880 kg/ha and the doses of organic matter, in the form of hardened bovine manure, were 0 and 8 t/ha. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, in the factorial scheme 5 x 2, with four replications. The productivity was influenced by N doses, in the two levels of organic matter, at two periods. In the spring-summer experiment, the maximum total, commercial and extra productions were 44.78; 25.10 and 23.52 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 530.2; 464.2 and 434.8 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, without organic matter; and 45.75; 25.87 and 24.53 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 574.2; 513.3 and 599.8 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, with organic matter. In the autumn-spring experiment, the productions were 99.37; 78.87 and 69.93 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 525.4; 533.9 and 557.5 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, without organic matter; and 108.74; 87.08 and 78.09 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 589.6; 575.3 and 557.4 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, with organic matter. The addition of organic matter in soil increased the nitrogen fertilizer dose necessary to obtain the tomato plant maximum production total, commercial and extra production, at both planting periods.
The tomato plants yield as a result of nitrogen doses and organic fertilization was evaluated in two field experiments carried out in spring-summer and autumn-spring, in 1999. The experiments were carried aut at the Federal University of Viçosa, in a Cambic Red-Yellow Argisol. In both, the N doses applied, in the nitrocalcium form, were 0, 110, 220, 440 and 880 kg/ha and the doses of organic matter, in the form of hardened bovine manure, were 0 and 8 t/ha. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, in the factorial scheme 5 x 2, with four replications. The productivity was influenced by N doses, in the two levels of organic matter, at two periods. In the spring-summer experiment, the maximum total, commercial and extra productions were 44.78; 25.10 and 23.52 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 530.2; 464.2 and 434.8 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, without organic matter; and 45.75; 25.87 and 24.53 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 574.2; 513.3 and 599.8 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, with organic matter. In the autumn-spring experiment, the productions were 99.37; 78.87 and 69.93 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 525.4; 533.9 and 557.5 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, without organic matter; and 108.74; 87.08 and 78.09 t/ha, obtained with the doses of 589.6; 575.3 and 557.4 kg/ha of nitrogen, respectively, with organic matter. The addition of organic matter in soil increased the nitrogen fertilizer dose necessary to obtain the tomato plant maximum production total, commercial and extra production, at both planting periods.
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Palavras-chave
Lycopersicon esculentum L, Adubação nitrogenada, Adubação orgânica, Esterco bovino, Produtividade, épocas de plantio