Predição de elementos meteorológicos e evapotranspiração de referência em ambiente protegido
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Ambientes protegidos, ou casas de vegetação, são estruturas que possibilitam cultivos fora de época, proteção contra pragas e condições climáticas adversas, entre outros. Por outro lado, essa mesma estrutura provoca alterações das condições microclimáticas em seu interior. Em consequência disso, o crescimento e o desenvolvimento das plantas cultivadas em seu interior também são modificados, provocando alterações em diferentes aspectos, como exemplo, o consumo hídrico. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho analisar o comportamento da evapotranspiração como função das demais variáveis climáticas internas à um ambiente protegido, bem como estimar a evapotranspiração e a demais variáveis em função dos elementos meteorológicos do ambiente externo. Para o trabalho, fez-se uso de estações meteorológicas DAVIS (modelo Vantage PRO2, USA) e de um ambiente protegido com laterais delimitadas por tela branca vazada (Clarit), com nível de sombreamento de 14,0%, e cobertura de plástico de polietileno transparente (150 µm). Foram captados dados horários de temperatura do ar, radiação solar, umidade relativa e velocidade do vento no período de 2 a 21 de agosto de 2019. De posse desses dados, calculou-se a evapotranspiração de referência pelo método de Penman-Monteith. Por meio de regressões lineares, os elementos meteorológicos no interior do ambiente protegido foram estimados com dados medidos em condição de céu aberto. Comparando o comportamento do ambiente protegido em detrimento do meio externo, a radiação solar, umidade relativa e velocidade do vento apresentaram queda de 45,4%, 14,0% e 85,0% respectivamente. Por outro lado, a temperatura do ar apresentou aumento de 3,3% no interior do ambiente protegido. Como resultado da interação dos fatores mencionados, a evapotranspiração de referência diária apresentou queda de 33,3% no interior do ambiente protegido. As equações de regressão para estimativa da temperatura do ar, radiação solar e evapotranspiração de referência obtiveram R 2 acima de 0,90. As variáveis de déficit de pressão de vapor, umidade relativa e velocidade do vento apresentaram R 2 de 0,89, 0,78 e 0,29, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o ambiente protegido altera os dados meteorológicos e os resultados obtidos indicam a possibilidade de estimá-los utilizando elementos meteorológicos medidos em condição de céu aberto. Palavras-chave: Agrometeorologia. Cultivo protegido. Evapotranspiração. Microclima.
Protected environments, or so called greenhouses, are structures that makes possible crops growth out of season, provides protection over plagues, harsh climatic conditions and others. However, this same structure leads to an altered microclimate condition within. As a consequence, the growth and development of the cultivated crops will also be affected, promoting multiple alterations related to the crop, such as water consumption, as an example. Therefore, this study was oriented to analyze the behavior of the evapotranspiration as a result of the meteorological variables inside a greenhouse, along with the prediction of the evapotranspiration and the other variables as a function of the meteorological condition outside the greenhouse. For this work, was used automatic meteorological stations DAVIS (Vantage PRO2 model, USA) and a built greenhouse with it´s lateral area delimited by a white and porous net (Clarit), with a shading level of 14,0%, and it´s roof covered by a transparent polyethylene plastic (150 µm). It was captured hourly data regarding air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity and wind speed during 2 to 21 august, 2019. In sequence, was calculated the reference evapotranspiration, according to the Penman-Monteith method. By linear regressions, the meteorological variables inside the greenhouse were predicted by the external conditions. Comparing both greenhouse and external data behavior, the solar radiation, relative humidity and wind speed presented a reduction of 45,4%, 14,0% and 85,0% respectively. The air temperature, however, presented a rise of 3,3% regarding the greenhouse condition. As an interaction result of all the mentioned variables, the daily reference evapotranspiration presented a reduction of 33,3%. The linear regression equations for air temperature, solar radiation and reference evapotranspiration predictions obtained a R 2 above 0,9. The vapor pressure deficit, relative humidity and wind speed equations however, presented a R 2 of 0,89, 0,78 and 0,29, respectively. It is concluded that the greenhouse in fact promotes an alteration regarding meteorological variables, and following the obtained results, they indicate that is possible to predict them using meteorological data from external conditions. Keywords: Agrometeorology. Protected cultivation. Evapotranspiration. Microclimate.
Protected environments, or so called greenhouses, are structures that makes possible crops growth out of season, provides protection over plagues, harsh climatic conditions and others. However, this same structure leads to an altered microclimate condition within. As a consequence, the growth and development of the cultivated crops will also be affected, promoting multiple alterations related to the crop, such as water consumption, as an example. Therefore, this study was oriented to analyze the behavior of the evapotranspiration as a result of the meteorological variables inside a greenhouse, along with the prediction of the evapotranspiration and the other variables as a function of the meteorological condition outside the greenhouse. For this work, was used automatic meteorological stations DAVIS (Vantage PRO2 model, USA) and a built greenhouse with it´s lateral area delimited by a white and porous net (Clarit), with a shading level of 14,0%, and it´s roof covered by a transparent polyethylene plastic (150 µm). It was captured hourly data regarding air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity and wind speed during 2 to 21 august, 2019. In sequence, was calculated the reference evapotranspiration, according to the Penman-Monteith method. By linear regressions, the meteorological variables inside the greenhouse were predicted by the external conditions. Comparing both greenhouse and external data behavior, the solar radiation, relative humidity and wind speed presented a reduction of 45,4%, 14,0% and 85,0% respectively. The air temperature, however, presented a rise of 3,3% regarding the greenhouse condition. As an interaction result of all the mentioned variables, the daily reference evapotranspiration presented a reduction of 33,3%. The linear regression equations for air temperature, solar radiation and reference evapotranspiration predictions obtained a R 2 above 0,9. The vapor pressure deficit, relative humidity and wind speed equations however, presented a R 2 of 0,89, 0,78 and 0,29, respectively. It is concluded that the greenhouse in fact promotes an alteration regarding meteorological variables, and following the obtained results, they indicate that is possible to predict them using meteorological data from external conditions. Keywords: Agrometeorology. Protected cultivation. Evapotranspiration. Microclimate.
Description
Citation
ANDRADE, Lucas Maltoni. Predição de elementos meteorológicos e evapotranspiração de referência em ambiente protegido. 2021. 22 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.
