Controle do desenvolvimento de mudas da tangerineira ‘Ponkan’ interenxertadas com trifoliateiro ‘Flying Dragon’
Arquivos
Data
2021-07-26
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Atualmente, há uma tendência de maior adensamento de pomares cítricos por meio do uso de porta-enxertos ananizantes. Contudo, pomares adensados podem ser muito exigentes quanto às necessidades hídricas e nutricionais, elevando ainda mais os custos de produção. Assim, o uso de plantas com porte intermediário, combinando características positivas de porta-enxertos vigorosos e ananizantes, pode ser uma boa alternativa para a citricultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da interenxertia do trifoliateiro ‘Flying Dragon’ sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento vegetativo da tangerineira ‘Ponkan’, utilizando porta-enxertos vigorosos. Para tanto, realizou-se a enxertia por borbulhia da copa sobre os porta-enxertos limoeiro ‘Cravo’ (C), citrumeleiro ‘Swingle’ (S) e trifoliateiro ‘Flying Dragon’ (FD). Posteriormente, as plantas enxertadas sobre FD foram interenxertadas por garfagem nos porta- enxertos C e S, gerando mudas com diferentes comprimentos de interenxerto (5, 10 e 15 cm). Em relação ao comprimento da brotação (CB), número de folhas (NF), área foliar (AF) e massa fresca (MFB) e seca da brotação (MSB), e diâmetro médio dos elementos de vasos do xilema da copa (DmCO), o uso de interenxertia reduziu o crescimento em relação às plantas não interenxertadas, independentemente do porta-enxerto (C ou S), atingindo valores similares aos das plantas enxertadas sobre FD. A densidade de elementos de vasos no xilema da copa (DVXCO) aumentou nas plantas interenxertadas, principalmente com os comprimentos de 5 e 10 cm de FD sobre o porta-enxerto S, enquanto a condutividade hidráulica teórica específica (KHTCO) foi reduzida com 10 cm de interenxerto, em ambos os porta-enxertos (C e S). Houve incremento no desempenho fotossintético das plantas com interenxertos de 5 e 10 cm em relação as não interenxertadas, sem efeito negativo sobre o rendimento quântico máximo do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm). O uso do interenxerto FD interfere na anatomia do xilema e nas trocas gasosas da copa, reduzindo o crescimento das mudas de tangerineira ‘Ponkan’ independentemente do porta-enxerto utilizado. Palavras-chave: Citrus reticulata Blanco. Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrosa (T. Ito) Swing. Interenxertia. Fotossíntese. Condutividade hidráulica. Xilema.
Nowadays, there is a trend towards greater densification of citrus orchards through the use of dwarfing rootstocks. However, dense orchards can be very demanding in terms of irrigation and nutrition, increasing production costs through the use of dwarfing rootstocks. Thus, the use of intermediate-sized plants, combining the positive characteristics of vigorous and dwarfing rootstocks, can be a good alternative for citriculture. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of intergrafting of the trifoliate ‘Flying Dragon’ on the growth and vegetative development, physiological and anatomical characteristics of the ‘Ponkan’ mandarin, using vigorous rootstocks. For this purpose, the budding scion was grafted on the on ‘Rangpur’ lemon (C), ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (S) and ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate (FD) rootstocks. After that, the plants grafted onto FD were intergrafted onto rootstocks C and S, generating seedlings with different intergraft lengths (5, 10 and 15 cm). In relation to bud length (CB), number of leaves (NF), leaf area (AF) and fresh and dry mass of bud (MSB), and mean diameter of the scion xylem vessel elements (DmCO), the use of intergrafting reduced growth in relation to non-intergrafted plants, regardless of the rootstock (C or S), reaching values similar to those of plants grafted on FD. The density of scion xylem vessel elements (DVXCO) increased in the intergrafted plants, mainly with the 5 and 10 cm lengths of FD on the S rootstock, while the theoretical specific hydraulic conductivity (KHTCO) was reduced with 10 cm of intergraft, in both rootstocks (C e S). There was an increase in the photosynthetic performance of plants with 5 and 10 cm intergrafted compared to non-intergrafted plants, with no negative effect on the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). The use of FD interstock interferes with the growth, xylem anatomy and gas exchange of ‘Ponkan’ mandarin plants, regardless of the rootstock used. Keywords: Citrus reticulata Blanco. Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrosa (T. Ito) Swing. Intergrafting. Photosynthesis. Hydraulic conductivity. Xylem
Nowadays, there is a trend towards greater densification of citrus orchards through the use of dwarfing rootstocks. However, dense orchards can be very demanding in terms of irrigation and nutrition, increasing production costs through the use of dwarfing rootstocks. Thus, the use of intermediate-sized plants, combining the positive characteristics of vigorous and dwarfing rootstocks, can be a good alternative for citriculture. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of intergrafting of the trifoliate ‘Flying Dragon’ on the growth and vegetative development, physiological and anatomical characteristics of the ‘Ponkan’ mandarin, using vigorous rootstocks. For this purpose, the budding scion was grafted on the on ‘Rangpur’ lemon (C), ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (S) and ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate (FD) rootstocks. After that, the plants grafted onto FD were intergrafted onto rootstocks C and S, generating seedlings with different intergraft lengths (5, 10 and 15 cm). In relation to bud length (CB), number of leaves (NF), leaf area (AF) and fresh and dry mass of bud (MSB), and mean diameter of the scion xylem vessel elements (DmCO), the use of intergrafting reduced growth in relation to non-intergrafted plants, regardless of the rootstock (C or S), reaching values similar to those of plants grafted on FD. The density of scion xylem vessel elements (DVXCO) increased in the intergrafted plants, mainly with the 5 and 10 cm lengths of FD on the S rootstock, while the theoretical specific hydraulic conductivity (KHTCO) was reduced with 10 cm of intergraft, in both rootstocks (C e S). There was an increase in the photosynthetic performance of plants with 5 and 10 cm intergrafted compared to non-intergrafted plants, with no negative effect on the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). The use of FD interstock interferes with the growth, xylem anatomy and gas exchange of ‘Ponkan’ mandarin plants, regardless of the rootstock used. Keywords: Citrus reticulata Blanco. Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrosa (T. Ito) Swing. Intergrafting. Photosynthesis. Hydraulic conductivity. Xylem
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus reticulata Blanco, Fotossíntese, Condutividade hidráulica, Xilema
Citação
GONÇALVES, Beatriz Fernandes de Seia. Controle do desenvolvimento de mudas da tangerineira ‘Ponkan’ interenxertadas com trifoliateiro ‘Flying Dragon’. 2021. 65 f. Dissertação(Mestrado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.