Efeitos da mesotriona sobre parâmetros histológicos no intestino delgado de ratos Wistar
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A mesotriona é um herbicida inibidor da enzima 4-hidroxifenilpiruvato dioxigenase (HPPD), amplamente utilizado na cultura do milho para o controle de plantas daninhas. Apesar de sua seletividade, o uso recorrente levanta preocupações quanto à toxicidade em organismos não alvo, especialmente pela ingestão de água e alimentos contaminados. Considerando que o intestino delgado é o principal sítio de absorção de xenobióticos, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da exposição subaguda à mesotriona sobre parâmetros histológicos e histomorfométricos do duodeno, jejuno e íleo de ratos Wistar. Foram utilizadas 15 fêmeas adultas, distribuídas em três grupos experimentais (n = 5/grupo), submetidas à gavagem oral diária com água destilada (controle) ou mesotriona nas doses de 125 e 250 mg/kg durante 14 dias. Todos os procedimentos foram aprovados pelo Comitê de Ética no Uso de Animais (CEUA/UFV, protocolo nº 32/2023). Após eutanásia, fragmentos das três regiões do intestino delgado foram analisados em microscopia de luz. As alterações histológicas foram classificadas segundo Chiu (1970). Para a análise histomorfométrica, foram avaliadas altura das criptas, espessura da submucosa, espessura das camadas musculares circular interna e longitudinal externa e altura do epitélio. A normalidade foi verificada pelo teste de Shapiro–Wilk, e as comparações entre grupos foram realizadas por ANOVA seguida do teste post hoc de Newman–Keuls (p < 0,05). Os parâmetros histomorfométricos não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p > 0,05), indicando preservação quantitativa da estrutura intestinal. Em contraste, a análise histopatológica revelou lesões progressivas e dependentes da dose, como perda de definição epitelial, hiperplasia, infiltrado inflamatório, necrose e desorganização do epitélio, sendo o íleo a região mais afetada. Conclui-se que a mesotriona induz danos iniciais ao tecido intestinal mesmo sem alterações morfométricas detectáveis, sugerindo toxicidade subclínica com potencial para agravamento em exposições prolongadas. Palavras-chave: xenobióticos; mamíferos; absorção intestinal; toxicidade.
Mesotrione is an herbicide that inhibits the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) and is widely used in maize cultivation for weed control. Despite its selectivity, recurrent use raises concerns regarding its potential toxicity in non-target organisms, particularly through the ingestion of contaminated water and food. Considering that the small intestine is the main site of xenobiotic absorption, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of subacute mesotrione exposure on histological and histomorphometric parameters of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of Wistar rats. Fifteen adult female rats were assigned to three experimental groups (n = 5/group) and subjected to daily oral gavage with water (control) or mesotrione at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg for 14 days. All procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (CEUA/UFV, protocol no. 32/2023). After euthanasia, fragments of the three intestinal regions were collected, processed, and examined under light microscopy. Histological alterations were classified according to Chiu (1970). For morphometric analysis, crypt height, submucosal thickness, thickness of the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers, and epithelial height were measured. Normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and group comparisons were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Newman–Keuls post hoc test (p < 0.05). Histomorphometric parameters showed no significant differences among groups (p > 0.05), indicating quantitative preservation of intestinal architecture. In contrast, histopathological evaluation revealed progressive and dose-dependent lesions, including loss of epithelial definition, hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltrate, necrosis, and villus disorganization, with the ileum being the most affected segment. In conclusion, mesotrione induced early intestinal tissue damage even in the absence of detectable morphometric alterations, suggesting subclinical toxicity with potential for worsening under prolonged exposure. Keywords: xenobiotics; mammals; intestinal absorption; toxicity.
Mesotrione is an herbicide that inhibits the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) and is widely used in maize cultivation for weed control. Despite its selectivity, recurrent use raises concerns regarding its potential toxicity in non-target organisms, particularly through the ingestion of contaminated water and food. Considering that the small intestine is the main site of xenobiotic absorption, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of subacute mesotrione exposure on histological and histomorphometric parameters of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of Wistar rats. Fifteen adult female rats were assigned to three experimental groups (n = 5/group) and subjected to daily oral gavage with water (control) or mesotrione at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg for 14 days. All procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (CEUA/UFV, protocol no. 32/2023). After euthanasia, fragments of the three intestinal regions were collected, processed, and examined under light microscopy. Histological alterations were classified according to Chiu (1970). For morphometric analysis, crypt height, submucosal thickness, thickness of the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers, and epithelial height were measured. Normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and group comparisons were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Newman–Keuls post hoc test (p < 0.05). Histomorphometric parameters showed no significant differences among groups (p > 0.05), indicating quantitative preservation of intestinal architecture. In contrast, histopathological evaluation revealed progressive and dose-dependent lesions, including loss of epithelial definition, hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltrate, necrosis, and villus disorganization, with the ileum being the most affected segment. In conclusion, mesotrione induced early intestinal tissue damage even in the absence of detectable morphometric alterations, suggesting subclinical toxicity with potential for worsening under prolonged exposure. Keywords: xenobiotics; mammals; intestinal absorption; toxicity.
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PAULA, Letícia Rosado de. Efeitos da mesotriona sobre parâmetros histológicos no intestino delgado de ratos Wistar. 2025. 37 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Ciências Biológicas – Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
