Veterinária
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11842
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Fungi predatory activity on embryonated Toxocara canis eggs inoculated in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and destruction of second stage larvae(Parasitology Research, 2015-09) Araújo, Jackson Victor de; Fonseca, Leandro Abreu da; Hiura, Emy; Lopes, Aline del Carmen Garcia; Paz, Jeanne Saraiva da; Gava, Maylla Garschagen; Flecher, Mayra Cunha; Colares, Manuela; Soares, Filippe Elias de Freitas; Lacerda, Tracy; Braga, Fabio RibeiroThe objective of this study was to evaluate the infectivity of Toxocara canis eggs after interacting with isolated nematophagous fungi of the species Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC4), and test the predatory activity of the isolated AC001 on T. canis second stage larvae after 7 days of interaction. In assay A, 5000 embryonated T. canis eggs previously in contact with the AC001 and VC4 isolated for 10 days were inoculated into domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), and then these animals were necropsied to collect material (digested liver, intestine, muscles and lungs) at 3-, 7-, 14-, and 21-day intervals after inoculation. In assay A, the results demonstrated that the prior interaction of the eggs with isolated AC001 and VC4 decreases the amount of larvae found in the collected organs. Difference (p < 0.01) was observed in the medium larvae counts recovered from liver, lung, intestine, and muscle of animals in the treated groups when compared to the animals in the control group. At the end of assay A, a percentage reduction of 87.1 % (AC001) and 84.5 % (VC4) respectively was recorded. In the result of assay B, the isolated AC001 showed differences (p < 0.01) compared to the control group, with a reduction of 53.4 % in the recovery of L2. Through these results, it is justified to mention that prior interaction of embryonated T. canis eggs with the tested fungal isolates were efficient in reducing the development and migration of this parasite, in addition to the first report of proven predatory activity on L2.Item Duddingtonia flagrans formulated in rice bran in the control of Oesophagostomum spp. intestinal parasite of swine(Experimental Parasitology, 2017-11-10) Rodrigues, Joao Victor Facchini; Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Campos, Artur Kanadani; Carvalho, Lorendane Millena de; Araujo, Juliana Milani; Aguiar, Anderson Rocha; Ferraz, Carolina Magri; Silveira, Wendeo Ferreira da; Valadao, Marisa Caixeta; Oliveira, Thais de; Freitas, Samuel Galvao de; Araújo, Jackson Victor deThree experimental assays with Duddingtonia flagrans (isolated AC001) were carried out. The growth of the genus Duddingtonia present in formulation of rice bran, its predatory capability on Oesophagostomum spp. infective larvae (L3) in petri dishes (assay 1), its action in faecal cultures with eggs of that parasite (assay 2) and isolate's capability of predation after passing through gastrointestinal tract of swine (assay 3) was evaluated. At assay 3, feces were collected at time intervals of 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h after feed animals with the formulation. Assays 1 and 2 showed a statistical difference (p < 0.01) by the F test when comparing the treated group with the control group. At the both assays, was observed in the treated group a reduction percentage of 74.18% and 88.38%, respectively. In assay 3, there was a statistical difference between the treated group and the control group at all collection times (p < 0.01). Regarding the collection periods, there was no statistical difference over time in the treatment group (p > 0.05). The results demonstrate that the fungal isolate AC001 formulated in rice bran can prey on L3 of Oesophagostomum spp., in vitro and after passing through the gastrointestinal tract, without loss of viability. This isolate may be an alternative in the control of Oesophagostomum spp. in swine.Item Statistical experimental design to assess the influence of enzymes of nematophagous fungi versus helminths(Research in Veterinary Science, 2014-09-08) Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Soares, Filippe Elias de Freitas; Araujo, Juliana Milani; Fonseca, Leandro Abreu da; Hiura, Emy; Gava, Maylla Garschagen; Vieira, Fernanda Toledo; Paz, Jeanne Saraiva da; Carvalho, Lorendane Milena de; Faccini, João Victor; Queiroz, José Humberto de; Araújo, Jackson VictorThe present work used Plackett–Burman experimental design to assess the influence of enzymes of nematophagous fungi versus Strongyloides westeri and trichostrongylides larvae and Platynosomum fastosum eggs. The variables studied in the Plackett–Burman design were the proteases and chitinases of AC001 or VC4 as destructive agents of S. westeri and trichostrongylides larvae, and P. fastosum eggs. All tested enzymes had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the destruction of S. westeri larvae. Furthermore, only VC4 and AC001 proteases showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the destruction of trichostrongylides larvae. On the other hand, chitinases of VC4 showed the highest significance (P < 0.05) on the destruction of P. fastosum eggs. It is proposed that statistical planning for the use of enzymes derived from nematophagous fungi is a viable way to elucidate some questions about their mechanism of action.Item Nematophagous fungi for biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic animals(Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2013-11-22) Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Araújo, Jackson Victor deSeveral studies have been conducted using fungi in the biological control of domestic animals and humans. In this respect, a large amount of research has been undertaken to understand the particularities of each fungus used. These fungi have been demonstrated to act on all classes of helminthes. Therefore, they should not only be called nematophagous but also helmintophagous. Evidence of enzymatic action has also revealed their mechanism of action, as well as potential metabolites that could be synthesized as bioactive molecules. Cultural barriers to the use of fungi should be broken down, since the impact on the environment is minimal. In this context, much is already known about the mechanism of interaction of these organisms with their ‘targets’. Recent research has pointed to the search for substances derived from nematophagous fungi that have demonstrated their ovicidal and/or larvicidal activity, thus being a global premise to be studied further. Crude extracts derived from nematophagous fungi of predator and ovicidal groups reduce the amount of larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes and prevent the hatching of their eggs, since they have been demonstrated to act with extracellular proteases and other enzymes. Furthermore, the activity of these enzymes has begun to be explored regarding their possible interaction with the exoskeleton of arthropods, which could emerge as an alternative method of tick control. Finally, it should be clear that nematophagous fungi in general are ‘old friends’ that are ready to the ‘fight with our old enemies’, the gastrointestinal helminth parasites harmful to human and animal health.Item First report of the activity of predatory fungi on Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Angiostrongylidae) first-stage larvae(Acta Tropica, 2013-04-26) Paula, Alessandra Teixeira de; Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Carvalho, Lorendane Millena de; Lelis, Rosane Teixeira; Mello, Ingrid Ney Kramer de; Tavela, Alexandre de Oliveira; Soares, Fillipe Elias de Freitas; Maldonado, Arnaldo Junior; Garcia, Juberlan da Silva; Araújo, Jackson Victor deThe nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans and thus alternative methods of control should be studied. The objective of this work was to evaluate the predatory capacity of eight fungal isolates of the species Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001, CG768 and CG722), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34), M. sinense (SF53) and Arthrobotrys robusta (I31), A. cladodes (CG719) and A. conoides (I40) on first-stage larvae (L 1 ) of A. cantonensis under laboratory conditions. The treated groups contained 1000 conidia of the fungal isolates and 1000 A. cantonensis L 1 in Petri dishes containing 2% water-agar medium (2% WA). The control group (without fungi) contained only 1000 A. cantonensis L 1 in 2% WA. Evidence of predation was observed at the end of 7 days. Percentage reductions in L 1 were: AC001, 82.8%; CG768, 71.0%; CG722, 72.8%; NF34, 86.7%; SF53, 89.7%; I40, 48.3%; CG719, 84.7%; and I31, 80.4%. No significant difference was observed (p > 0.01) between the actions of the isolates used; however, a difference was noted (p < 0.01) in relation to the control group. The results of the present work, confirm previous reports of the effectiveness of the fungi D. flagrans, M. thaumasium, M. sinense and A. robusta in controlling larvae of potentially zoonotic nematodes, this being the first report on A. cantonensis L 1 .Item In vitro biological control of infective larvae of Ancylostoma ceylanicum(Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2012-02-14) Fernandes, Fernanda Mara; Araújo, Jackson Victor; Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Pedro Henrique; Araujo, Juliana Milani; Ferreira, Sebastião Rodrigo; Carvalho, Rogério Oliva; Mello, Ingrid Ney Kramer de; Fujiwara, Ricardo ToshioThe aim of this study was to evaluate the predatory activity of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) on infective larvae of Ancylostoma ceylanicum after gastrointestinal transit in hamsters. Twenty animals were used in the experiment, divided into two groups: a treated group (10 animals) and a control group (10 animals). In the group treated with D. flagrans, each animal received mycelium from the AC001 isolate, at an oral dose of 5 mg/25 g of live weight. To evaluate the predatory activity of the fungus, fecal samples were collected from the animals in both groups, at the times of 6, 8, 12, 24 and 36 hours after the treatment. Then, subsamples of 2 g of feces were placed in Petri dishes containing 2% water-agar (2% WA) culture medium and 1000 L3 of A. ceylanicum. Over the study period, the following percentage reductions were observed: 43.2% (6 hours), 30.8% (8 hours), 25.8% (12 hours), 30% (24 hours) and 11% (36 hours). The fungus D. flagrans presented predatory activity on the L3 of A. ceylanicum, after passing through the hamsters' gastrointestinal tract. It was therefore concluded that the fungus D. flagrans may be an alternative for biological control of the L3 of A. ceylanicum.Item Predatory activity of Butlerius nematodes and nematophagous fungi against Haemonchus contortus infective larvae(Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2017-01-26) Silva, Manoel Eduardo da; Uriostegui, Miguel Angel Mercado; Millán-Orozco, Jair; Gives, Pedro Mendoza de; Hernández, Enrique Liébano; Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Araújo, Jackson Victor deThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the predatory activity of the nematode Butlerius spp. and fungal isolates of Duddingtonia flagrans, Clonostachys rosea, Arthrobotrys musiformis and Trichoderma esau against H. contortus infective larvae (L3) in grass pots. Forty-eight plastic gardening pots containing 140 g of sterile soil were used. Panicum spp. grass seeds (200 mg) were sown into each pot and individually watered with 10 mL of tap water. Twelve days after seeding, the pots were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=8). Two thousand H. contortus infective larvae (L3) were added to each group. Additionally, the following treatments were established: Group 1 – 2000 Butlerius spp. larvae; group 2 – A. musiformis (1x107 conidia); group 3 – T. esau (1x107 conidia); group 4 – C. rosea (1x107 conidia), group 5 – D. flagrans (1x107conidia) and Group 6 – no biological controller (control group). The larval population of H. contortus exposed to Butlerius spp. was reduced by 61.9%. Population reductions of 90.4, 66.7, 61.9 and 85.7% were recorded in the pots containing A. musiformis, T. esau, C. rosea and D. flagrans, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the predatory nematode Butlerius spp. and the assessed fungi display an important predatory activity can be considered suitable potential biological control agents.