Engenharia Agrícola - Artigos
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11739
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Item Water balance in soil cultivated with forage cactus clones under irrigation(Revista Caatinga, 2017-07) Pereira, Poliana de Caldas; Zolnier, Sérgio; Silva, Thieres George Freire da; Silva, Sérvulo Mercier Siqueira e; Silva, Marcelo José daForage cactus species may belong to different genera (such as Opuntia and Nopalea), which can result in different water dynamics at the biosphere-atmosphere interface. The objective of this study was to analyze the water balance in soil cultivated with forage cactus clones under different conditions of soil water availability in the Brazilian semi-arid. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco. The crop was subjected to nine treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a factorial arrangement of 3x3. The plots were composed of three water availability conditions, with the application of a water depth of 7.5 mm at intervals of 7, 14, and 28 days, and the subplots consisted of three forage cactus clones (IPA Sertânia, Miúda, and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana). The soil water balance (SWB) method was applied, and the ET/ETo ratio was estimated (ET is the actual crop evapotranspiration, and ETo is the reference evapotranspiration) at intervals of 14 days; the results were represented in nine periods of 28 days. There was a difference between SWB components along the cycle and between irrigation conditions (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, ET and rainfall were the most important components in SWB when irrigation was performed. There was no difference in water consumption between forage cactus clones belonging to different genera, resulting in an average of 1.50 mm day-1. The ET/ETo ratio had low magnitude (0.29 ± 0.12), indicating that the ET was more dependent on the water regime than on the atmospheric demand.Item Association of morphological and water factors with irrigated forage cactus yield(Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 2017-09) Barbosa, Marcela L.; Silva, Thieres G. F. da; Zolnier, Sérgio; Silva, Servulo M. S. e; Morais, José E. F. de; Assis, Mery C. de S.This study aimed to understand the relationship of morphological characteristics and actual evapotranspiration of forage cactus clones with their productive capacity under different water regimes. The data used in this study were collected between the years 2012 and 2013, in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco. The clones Sertânia IPA - IPA, Miúda - MIU and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana - OEM were submitted to three irrigation depths (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and three irrigation intervals (7, 14 and 28 days). Cladode and plant morphology, accumulated actual evapotranspiration and yield were obtained at the moment of harvest. Pearson’s correlation matrix was elaborated and, in the sequence, multicollinearity, canonical and path analysis were applied. There was no correlation of yield with the soil water supply and actual evapotranspiration of the clones (p > 0.05). Forage cactus yield was more associated with peculiarities of the morphological characteristics of the clones than with the different soil water supplies or the crop actual evapotranspiration. However, regardless of the water regime and clone, the vigor of the basal cladodes was highly decisive for the expression of the forage cactus productive capacity.Item Meteorological variables and morphological characteristics influencing the evapotranspiration of forage cactus(Revista Ceres, 2017-08-16) Barbosa, Marcela Lúcia; Zolnier, Sérgio; Silva, Thieres George Freire da; Silva, Sérvulo Mercier Siqueira e; Araújo Junior, George do Nascimento; Jardim, Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa FerrazDespite belonging to the same photosynthetic group (CAM - Crassulacean Acid Metabolism), evapotranspiration of distinct species of forage cactus may respond differently to meteorological variables and depends on its growth dynamics. The objective of this work was to analyze the contribution of meteorological variables and morphological characteristics of cladodes and the plants on the evapotranspiration of forage cactus species of the genus Nopalea and Opuntia. The experiment was conducted in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco, where the species ‘IPA Sertânia’ (Nopalea sp.), ‘Miúda’ (Nopalea sp.) and ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ (Opuntia sp.) were submitted to different irrigation depths (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and intervals (7, 14 and 28 days). Actual evapotranspiration and biometric data of forage cactus species and meteorological variables were obtained between March 2012 and August 2013. Pearson correlation matrix and canonical and path analysis were applied to the data. It was verified that the global solar radiation stood out as the variable that most influenced the reduction of the actual evapotranspiration (ET) of the three species, and the wind velocity as the one that affected the response of ET to the atmospheric demand variation (ET/ETo) of the species ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ and ‘IPA Sertânia’. The increase in the cladode area index implied in the reduction of ET of the latter two species, while the effects of the number of 1st and 2nd order cladodes were the most important for the ‘Miúda'. Hence, forage cactus evapotranspiration depends on the seasonality of the meteorological conditions and the morphological characteristics of its species.