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Item Mapeamento de QTL para conteúdos de proteína e óleo em soja(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2010-05) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Miranda, Fábio Demolinari de; Ferreira, Adésio; Borges, Leandro Luiz; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; Good-God, Pedro Ivo Vieira; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesO objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar e mapear locos de caracteres quantitativos (QTL) que afetam os conteúdos de proteína e óleo em soja (Glycine max L. Merr.). Plantas F2, derivadas do cruzamento entre a linhagem CS3032PTA276 e a variedade UFVS2012, foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação e forneceram as folhas para extração e análise de DNA. Quarenta e oito marcadores microssatélites (SSR) polimórficos foram avaliados na população F2. A avaliação dos fenótipos foi realizada em 207 famílias das progênies F2:3, em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, conduzido em Viçosa, MG, em 2006. Foram detectados quatro QTL associados ao conteúdo de proteína, nos grupos de ligação D1a, G, A1, e I, e três QTL associados ao conteúdo de óleo, nos grupos A1, I e O. A variação fenotípica explicada pelos QTL variou de 6,24 a 18,94% e 17,26 a 25,93%, respectivamente, para os conteúdos de proteína e óleo. Foram detectados novos QTL associados aos conteúdos de proteína e óleo, além dos previamente relatados em outros estudos. Regiões distintas das atualmente conhecidas podem estar envolvidas no controle genético do teor de proteína e óleo na soja.Item Divergência em QTLs e variância genética para teores de proteína e óleo em soja(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2015-11) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre os parâmetros de divergência em regiões de QTLs e a variância genética em genótipos de soja, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo nos grãos. Dois grupos de genótipos foram avaliados, em diferentes ambientes, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo e genotipados com marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs. A partir de cada grupo, estabeleceram-se subgrupos por critérios pré-definidos e avaliou-se a relação entre os parâmetros, tendo-se comparado a divergência média e a variância genética entre os subgrupos. Os subgrupos foram definidos com base nos critérios de diferença em divergência média, homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos subgrupos e proximidade em uma projeção tridimensional da matriz de distância. As percentagens de concordância entre maiores valores de divergência média e de variância genética para o total de subgrupos de cada grupo inicial foram de 72,5 e de 73,4%, respectivamente. Portanto, nestes genótipos, há relação positiva entre as estimativas de divergência em regiões de QTL e variância genética para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos. As distâncias genéticas com base nos marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs são eficientes para a predição da variabilidade genética em genótipos de soja para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos.Item Biometric analysis of protein and oil contents of soybean genotypes in different environments(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2014-06) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe objective of this work was to identify by biometric analyses the most stable soybean parents, with higher oil or protein contents, cultivated at different seasons and locations of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Forty-nine genotypes were evaluated in the municipalities of Viçosa, Visconde do Rio Branco, and São Gotardo, in the state of Minas Gerais, from 2009 to 2011. Protein and oil contents were analyzed by infrared spectrometry using a FT-NIR analyzer. The effects of genotype, environment, and genotype x environment interaction were significant. The BARC-8 soybean genotype is the best parent to increase protein contents in the progenies, followed by BR 8014887 and CS 3032PTA276-3-4. Selection for high oil content is more efficient when the crossings involve the Suprema, CD 01RR8384, and A7002 genotypes, which show high mean phenotypic values, wide adaptability, and greater stability to environmental variation.Item Association of candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean by temperature-switch PCR (TSP) genotyping(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2018-07) Bueno, Rafael Delmond; God, Pedro Ivo Vieira Good; Prata, Isadora Oliveira; Pereira, Pedro Henrique Scarpelli; Teixeira, Arlindo Inês; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves deThe development of molecular markers is essential for improvement of soybean cultivars with modified fatty acid content. The objective of this study was to identify and validate SNP markers in candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean. Six candidate genes (ARAF, PDAT, ABI3, FAD2-1b, FAD3B, and FAD3C) were selected. Alignment of gene sequences identified 25 SNPs and 3 INDELs. TSP primers were used to identify SNP alleles. 259 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (FA22 / CD219) and 185 F2 progenies (A29 / Tucunaré) were tested for association of SNPs. An SNP for FAD3B was associated with variation in content of linoleic acid (R2 = 5.84%) and linolenic acid (R2 = 6.79%). In FAD3C, an SNP was associated with linoleic and linolenic acids (R2 of 9.21% and 18.51%, respectively). The ABI3 gene was associated with palmitic acid, with R2 = 5.41%. The SNP markers identified will be used in assisted selection for improvement of fatty acid content.Item Efeito da aplicação foliar de ácidos graxos na "via das lipoxigenases" de plantas de soja(Química Nova, 2002-11) Batista, Rosa Bárbara; Oliveira, Maria Goreti de Almeida; Pires, Christiano Vieira; Lanna, Anna Cristina; Gomes, Maria Regina Araújo; José, Inês Chamel; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Rezende, Sebastião Tavares de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe involvement of lipoxygenase isozymes in several physiological processes of plants has been described but their role is not well understood and more biochemical studies are needed to elucidate the role of the "Lipoxygenase Pathway" in plant physiology. Thus, the biochemical and kinetic characterization of a lipoxygenases "pool" from soybean leaves was carried out. Two genotypes were used: IAC-100 (a normal variety having lipoxygenases in the seeds) and IAC-100 TN (genetically modified genotype, which is devoid of lipoxygenases in the seeds). The plants were submitted to the application of fatty acids (lipoxygenase substrates) on leaves. The results of the biochemical and kinetic studies of lipoxygenase isozymes from leaves of the two genotypes analysed showed that genetic removal of lipoxygenase from seeds did not affect the response of the plant to the treatment, since both genotypes showed similar results.Item Genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in relation to grain components(Ciência Rural, 2017) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe objective of this paper was to estimate the genetic divergence among 49 soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill .) genotypes to assist grain quality-focused breeding programs in the choice of progenitors. The genetic divergence was estimated using the Mahalanobis generalized distance from the percentages of protein, oil, and fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic after cultivation of genotypes in different environments. Genotypes were grouped by agglomerative methods and the two and three-dimensional projections of the distance matrix were obtained. The average protein and oil contents in the four environments ranged from 34.25 to 45.18% and from 16.48 to 23.01%, respectively. The average contents of the fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic ranged from 20.2 to 42.41%, from 44.17 to 63.18%, and from 5.89 to 10.39%, respectively. The genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 251.02 and indicated genetic variability among the accessions. The most divergent pair of accessions was PI417360/CD01RR8384, followed by PI417360/B3PTA213-3-4 and PI417360/BARC-8. The most similar par of accessions was CS3032PTA276-1-2/CS3032PTA190-5-1, followed by UFV18/M-SOY8914 and BRSMG Garantia/CD983321RR. In this study we indicated as promising in terms of genetic variability the hybridizations involving BARC-8, CD2013PTA, CD01RR8384, CS303TNKCA, PI181544, and PI417360. Among these genotypes we can stand out BARC-8 and CD2013PTA, with protein contents above 43%, and CD01RR8384 and CS303TNKCA, with oil contents above 20%. The use of these genetically divergent genotypes and with high phenotypic means in future crosses should produce desirable recombinants for grain quality.Item Plant pre-breeding for increased protein content in soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill(Acta Agronómica, 2017-10) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Arruda, Klever Márcio AntunesThe aim of this research were to determine protein content and genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in QTL regions of the trait grain protein content for plant breeding purposes. Twenty-nine soybean genotypes were grown in the field in four environments (Viçosa-MG Dec/2009, Visconde do Rio Branco-MG Feb/2010, São Gotardo-MG Feb/2010, and São Gotardo-MG Oct/2011) using the randomized block design with three replicates. The grain protein content was quantified by the infrared spectrometry method. The genetic divergence was estimated by the analysis of 39 microsatellite markers from QTL regions for the soybean grain protein content. The pairs of genotypes with greater genetic distances and protein contents were as follows: BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.71) (45.18%/44.31%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0.71) (45.18%/43.75%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.71) (45.18%/43.63%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.62) (43.80%/44.31%); CS3032PTA276-1-2/B3PTA382-2-10 (D=0.62) (43.75%/43.80%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.62) (43.80%/43.63%); B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.61) (43.48%/44.31%); and B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0.61) (43.48%/43.75%), respectively. Other promising combinations for the improvement of protein content were as follows: BR8014887/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.57) (44.71%/43.63%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA182 (D=0.78) (45.18%/41.84%); BR8014887/CS3032PTA182 (D=0.65) (44.71%/41.84%); BR8014887/PI417360 (D=0.76) (44.71%/41.01%), respectively; and PI417360/B3PTA216-1-9 (D=0.80) (41.01%/43.48%). These pairs of genotypes when crossed should produce populations with higher means and genetic variances and greater gains with selection.Item Low linolenic soybeans for biodiesel: Characteristics, performance and advantages(Fuel, 2012-06-16) Santos, Eleonice Moreira; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesSoybean is one of the main raw materials used for biodiesel production. However, the polyunsaturated fatty acids present in soybean seeds are not desirable for this purpose due to their low oxidative stability. Therefore, it is expected that the use of soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid content for biodiesel production will improve its oxidative stability and the cold filter plugging point (CFPP). This work presents the main characteristics, the advantages and performance of low linolenic acid soybean (LL) as compared to a conventional soybean variety (CO) for biodiesel production. The results showed that LL oil and protein contents were similar to those of CO. Phosphatide concentration was higher in LL oil, while total tocopherol content was lower in relation to CO. With respect to LL biodiesel performance, oxidative stability was much higher than that produced from CO, and the CFPP did not change even with the improved fatty acid profile of LL.Item Characterization of a new GmFAD3A allele in Brazilian CS303TNKCA soybean cultivar(Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018-02-03) Silva, Luiz Claudio Costa; Bueno, Rafael Delmond; Matta, Loreta Buuda da; Pereira, Pedro Henrique Scarpelli; Mayrink, Danyelle Barbosa; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Sediyama, Carlos Sigueyuki; Fontes, Elizabeth Pacheco Batista; Cardinal, Andrea J.; Dal-Bianco, MaximillerSoybean is one of the most important crops cultivated worldwide. Soybean oil has 13% palmitic acid, 4% stearic acid, 20% oleic acid, 55% linoleic acid and 8% linolenic acid. Breeding programs are developing varieties with high oleic and low polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic) to improve the oil oxidative stability and make the varieties more attractive for the soy industry. The main goal of this study was to characterize the low linoleic acid trait in CS303TNKCA cultivar. We sequenced CS303TNKCA GmFAD3A, GmFAD3B and GmFAD3C genes and identified an adenine point deletion in the GmFAD3A exon 5 (delA). This alteration creates a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein with just 207 residues that result in a non-functional enzyme. Analysis of enzymatic activity by heterologous expression in yeast support delA as the cause of low linolenic acid content in CS303TNKCA. Thus, we developed a TaqMan genotyping assay to associate delA with low linolenic acid content in segregating populations. Lines homozygous for delA had a linolenic acid content of 3.3 to 4.4%, and the variation at this locus accounted for 50.83 to 73.70% of the phenotypic variation. This molecular marker is a new tool to introgress the low linolenic acid trait into elite soybean cultivars and can be used to combine with high oleic trait markers to produce soybean with enhanced economic value. The advantage of using CS303TNKCA compared to other lines available in the literature is that this cultivar has good agronomic characteristics and is adapted to Brazilian conditions.Item QTL mapping for yield components and agronomic traits in a Brazilian soybean population(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2015-12-21) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Miranda, Fábio Demolinari de; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Ferreira, Adésio; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe objective of this work was to map QTL for agronomic traits in a Brazilian soybean population. For this, 207 F2:3 progenies from the cross CS3035PTA276-1-5-2 x UFVS2012 were genotyped and cultivated in Viçosa-MG, using randomized block design with three replications. QTL detection was carried out by linear regression and composite interval mapping. Thirty molecular markers linked to QTL were detected by linear regression for the total of nine agronomic traits. QTL for SWP (seed weight per plant), W100S (weight of 100 seeds), NPP (number of pods per plant), and NSP (number of seeds per plant) were detected by composite interval mapping. Four QTL with additive effect are promising for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Particularly, the markers Satt155 and Satt300 could be useful in simultaneous selection for greater SWP, NPP, and NSP.