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Item Mapeamento de QTL para conteúdos de proteína e óleo em soja(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2010-05) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Miranda, Fábio Demolinari de; Ferreira, Adésio; Borges, Leandro Luiz; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; Good-God, Pedro Ivo Vieira; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesO objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar e mapear locos de caracteres quantitativos (QTL) que afetam os conteúdos de proteína e óleo em soja (Glycine max L. Merr.). Plantas F2, derivadas do cruzamento entre a linhagem CS3032PTA276 e a variedade UFVS2012, foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação e forneceram as folhas para extração e análise de DNA. Quarenta e oito marcadores microssatélites (SSR) polimórficos foram avaliados na população F2. A avaliação dos fenótipos foi realizada em 207 famílias das progênies F2:3, em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, conduzido em Viçosa, MG, em 2006. Foram detectados quatro QTL associados ao conteúdo de proteína, nos grupos de ligação D1a, G, A1, e I, e três QTL associados ao conteúdo de óleo, nos grupos A1, I e O. A variação fenotípica explicada pelos QTL variou de 6,24 a 18,94% e 17,26 a 25,93%, respectivamente, para os conteúdos de proteína e óleo. Foram detectados novos QTL associados aos conteúdos de proteína e óleo, além dos previamente relatados em outros estudos. Regiões distintas das atualmente conhecidas podem estar envolvidas no controle genético do teor de proteína e óleo na soja.Item Divergência em QTLs e variância genética para teores de proteína e óleo em soja(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2015-11) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre os parâmetros de divergência em regiões de QTLs e a variância genética em genótipos de soja, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo nos grãos. Dois grupos de genótipos foram avaliados, em diferentes ambientes, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo e genotipados com marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs. A partir de cada grupo, estabeleceram-se subgrupos por critérios pré-definidos e avaliou-se a relação entre os parâmetros, tendo-se comparado a divergência média e a variância genética entre os subgrupos. Os subgrupos foram definidos com base nos critérios de diferença em divergência média, homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos subgrupos e proximidade em uma projeção tridimensional da matriz de distância. As percentagens de concordância entre maiores valores de divergência média e de variância genética para o total de subgrupos de cada grupo inicial foram de 72,5 e de 73,4%, respectivamente. Portanto, nestes genótipos, há relação positiva entre as estimativas de divergência em regiões de QTL e variância genética para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos. As distâncias genéticas com base nos marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs são eficientes para a predição da variabilidade genética em genótipos de soja para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos.Item Biometric analysis of protein and oil contents of soybean genotypes in different environments(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2014-06) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe objective of this work was to identify by biometric analyses the most stable soybean parents, with higher oil or protein contents, cultivated at different seasons and locations of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Forty-nine genotypes were evaluated in the municipalities of Viçosa, Visconde do Rio Branco, and São Gotardo, in the state of Minas Gerais, from 2009 to 2011. Protein and oil contents were analyzed by infrared spectrometry using a FT-NIR analyzer. The effects of genotype, environment, and genotype x environment interaction were significant. The BARC-8 soybean genotype is the best parent to increase protein contents in the progenies, followed by BR 8014887 and CS 3032PTA276-3-4. Selection for high oil content is more efficient when the crossings involve the Suprema, CD 01RR8384, and A7002 genotypes, which show high mean phenotypic values, wide adaptability, and greater stability to environmental variation.Item Association of candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean by temperature-switch PCR (TSP) genotyping(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2018-07) Bueno, Rafael Delmond; God, Pedro Ivo Vieira Good; Prata, Isadora Oliveira; Pereira, Pedro Henrique Scarpelli; Teixeira, Arlindo Inês; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves deThe development of molecular markers is essential for improvement of soybean cultivars with modified fatty acid content. The objective of this study was to identify and validate SNP markers in candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean. Six candidate genes (ARAF, PDAT, ABI3, FAD2-1b, FAD3B, and FAD3C) were selected. Alignment of gene sequences identified 25 SNPs and 3 INDELs. TSP primers were used to identify SNP alleles. 259 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (FA22 / CD219) and 185 F2 progenies (A29 / Tucunaré) were tested for association of SNPs. An SNP for FAD3B was associated with variation in content of linoleic acid (R2 = 5.84%) and linolenic acid (R2 = 6.79%). In FAD3C, an SNP was associated with linoleic and linolenic acids (R2 of 9.21% and 18.51%, respectively). The ABI3 gene was associated with palmitic acid, with R2 = 5.41%. The SNP markers identified will be used in assisted selection for improvement of fatty acid content.Item Genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in relation to grain components(Ciência Rural, 2017) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe objective of this paper was to estimate the genetic divergence among 49 soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill .) genotypes to assist grain quality-focused breeding programs in the choice of progenitors. The genetic divergence was estimated using the Mahalanobis generalized distance from the percentages of protein, oil, and fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic after cultivation of genotypes in different environments. Genotypes were grouped by agglomerative methods and the two and three-dimensional projections of the distance matrix were obtained. The average protein and oil contents in the four environments ranged from 34.25 to 45.18% and from 16.48 to 23.01%, respectively. The average contents of the fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic ranged from 20.2 to 42.41%, from 44.17 to 63.18%, and from 5.89 to 10.39%, respectively. The genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 251.02 and indicated genetic variability among the accessions. The most divergent pair of accessions was PI417360/CD01RR8384, followed by PI417360/B3PTA213-3-4 and PI417360/BARC-8. The most similar par of accessions was CS3032PTA276-1-2/CS3032PTA190-5-1, followed by UFV18/M-SOY8914 and BRSMG Garantia/CD983321RR. In this study we indicated as promising in terms of genetic variability the hybridizations involving BARC-8, CD2013PTA, CD01RR8384, CS303TNKCA, PI181544, and PI417360. Among these genotypes we can stand out BARC-8 and CD2013PTA, with protein contents above 43%, and CD01RR8384 and CS303TNKCA, with oil contents above 20%. The use of these genetically divergent genotypes and with high phenotypic means in future crosses should produce desirable recombinants for grain quality.Item Plant pre-breeding for increased protein content in soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill(Acta Agronómica, 2017-10) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Arruda, Klever Márcio AntunesThe aim of this research were to determine protein content and genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in QTL regions of the trait grain protein content for plant breeding purposes. Twenty-nine soybean genotypes were grown in the field in four environments (Viçosa-MG Dec/2009, Visconde do Rio Branco-MG Feb/2010, São Gotardo-MG Feb/2010, and São Gotardo-MG Oct/2011) using the randomized block design with three replicates. The grain protein content was quantified by the infrared spectrometry method. The genetic divergence was estimated by the analysis of 39 microsatellite markers from QTL regions for the soybean grain protein content. The pairs of genotypes with greater genetic distances and protein contents were as follows: BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.71) (45.18%/44.31%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0.71) (45.18%/43.75%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.71) (45.18%/43.63%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.62) (43.80%/44.31%); CS3032PTA276-1-2/B3PTA382-2-10 (D=0.62) (43.75%/43.80%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.62) (43.80%/43.63%); B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.61) (43.48%/44.31%); and B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0.61) (43.48%/43.75%), respectively. Other promising combinations for the improvement of protein content were as follows: BR8014887/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.57) (44.71%/43.63%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA182 (D=0.78) (45.18%/41.84%); BR8014887/CS3032PTA182 (D=0.65) (44.71%/41.84%); BR8014887/PI417360 (D=0.76) (44.71%/41.01%), respectively; and PI417360/B3PTA216-1-9 (D=0.80) (41.01%/43.48%). These pairs of genotypes when crossed should produce populations with higher means and genetic variances and greater gains with selection.Item Hydrolysis of oligosaccharides in soybean flour by soybean α-galactosidase(Food Chemistry, 2015-12) Guimarães, Valéria Monteze; José, Inês Chamel; Oliveira, Maria Goreti de Almeida e; Oliveira, Maria Goreti de Almeida e; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurílio Alves; Viana, Simone de Fátima; Rezende, Sebastião Tavares deRaffinose oligosaccharides (ROs) make up a substantial part (40%) of the soluble sugars found in soybean seeds and are responsible for flatulence after the ingestion of soybean and other legumes. Consequently, soy-based foods would find a broader approval if the ROs were removed from soybean products or hydrolysed by α-galactosidases. During soybean seed germination, of content the ROs decrease substantially, while the α-galactosidase activity increases. α-Galactosidase was partially purified from germinating seeds by partition in an aqueous two-phase system and ion-exchange chromatography. The enzyme preparation presented maximal activities against ρ-nitrophenyl-α-d-galactopyranoside (ρNPGal) at 60 °C and a pH of 5.0 and the KM app values for ρNPGal, melibiose, and raffinose of the enzyme preparation were 0.33, 0.42, and 6.01 mM, respectively. The enzyme was highly inhibited by SDS, copper, and galactose. Hydrolysis of soybean flour ROs by enzyme preparation reduced the stachyose and raffinose contents by 72.3% and 89.2%, respectively, after incubation for 6 h at 40 °C.Item Treatment of soy milk with Debaryomyces hansenii cells immobilised in alginate(Food Chemistry, 2009-05-15) Souza Júnior, Waldeck Campanha de; Rezende, Sebastião Tavares de; Viana, Pollyanna Amaral; Falkoski, Daniel Luciano; Reis, Angélica Pataro; Machado, Solimar Gonçalves; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Guimarães, Valéria MontezeWhole cells of Debaryomyces hansenii UFV-1 were permeabilised with ethanol and immobilised in calcium alginate hydrogel. The optimum pH and temperature for α-galactosidase activities of permeabilised free (PFC) and permeabilised immobilised cells (PIC) were 4.5 and 60 °C; and 4.0 and 70 °C, respectively. PIC α-galactosidase was more stable than that of PFC. The incubation of PIC at 60 and 70 °C promoted an increase in α-galactosidase activity. The α-galactosidase activity was maintained when PIC was used in three repeated batches. The Km values for PIC and PFC α-galactosidases, with ρNPαGal, were 0.82 mM and 0.30 mM, respectively. Soy milk treatment with PIC for 6 h at 60 °C promoted 100% hydrolysis of raffinose oligosaccharides.Item Low linolenic soybeans for biodiesel: Characteristics, performance and advantages(Fuel, 2012-06-16) Santos, Eleonice Moreira; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesSoybean is one of the main raw materials used for biodiesel production. However, the polyunsaturated fatty acids present in soybean seeds are not desirable for this purpose due to their low oxidative stability. Therefore, it is expected that the use of soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid content for biodiesel production will improve its oxidative stability and the cold filter plugging point (CFPP). This work presents the main characteristics, the advantages and performance of low linolenic acid soybean (LL) as compared to a conventional soybean variety (CO) for biodiesel production. The results showed that LL oil and protein contents were similar to those of CO. Phosphatide concentration was higher in LL oil, while total tocopherol content was lower in relation to CO. With respect to LL biodiesel performance, oxidative stability was much higher than that produced from CO, and the CFPP did not change even with the improved fatty acid profile of LL.Item Differentially expressed proteins during an incompatible interaction between common bean and the fungus Pseudocercospora griseola(Molecular Breeding, 2013-07-30) Borges, Leandro Luiz; Santana, Fernanda Abreu; Castro, Isabel Samila Lima; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Ramos, Humberto Josué de Oliveira; Moreira, Maurilio Alves; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves deThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the main source of protein and an important source of minerals in several countries around the world. Angular leaf spot, caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora griseola, is one of the major diseases of the common bean. In this work, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to analyze alterations in the proteome of common bean leaves challenged with an incompatible race of P. griseola. Twenty-three differentially expressed proteins were detected in leaves of cultivar AND 277 collected at 12, 24 and 48 h after inoculation. The proteins were digested with trypsin and submitted to MALDI-TOF/TOF and MicrOTOF-Q electrospray mass spectrometry. Nineteen of them were identified upon MS/MS fragmentation. Most of these proteins are involved with amino acid metabolism, terpenoid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, antioxidant systems, vitamin and cofactor metabolism, plant–pathogen interaction, carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, or genetic information processing, showing that the interaction in this pathosystem affects different genes from various metabolic pathways and processes.