Nível de atividade física em crianças de dez anos de idade
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2014-03-31
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
A prática de atividade física regular durante a infância e a adolescência tem sido recomendada para reduzir o risco de doenças crônicas e promover bem estar físico e psicológico. Existe grande dificuldade em realizar mensurações precisas dos níveis de atividade física, além de poucos métodos simples, práticos e de baixo custo para crianças e adolescentes, adequadamente validados. O principal objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a validade do recordatório de três dias de Atividade Física (3DPAR), versão brasileira, em crianças de 10 anos de idade, utilizando como medida critério a acelerometria. Secundariamente,os obejtivos foram: a) verificar o nível de atividade diária das crianças em relação às recomendações de pelo menos 60 minutos diários de atividade física de moderada a vigorosa intensidade (AFMV), b) verificar as influências do sexo, rede de ensino e turno escolar nesses comportamentos, c) analisar o comportamento sedentário dos escolares em suas atividades diárias, verificando se fatores como o sexo, rede de ensino e turno escolar influenciam nesse comportamento, d) analisar o comportamento sedentário de quem estuda nos diferentes turnos (matutino ou vespertino)em três janelas de tempo (manhã, tarde e noite).Foram selecionadas 101 crianças, sendo 46 meninos e 55 meninas, com 10 anos de idade, estudantes de escolas municipais e privadas da cidade de Viçosa, MG. Utilizaram o acelerômetro Actigraph modelo GT3X durante trêsdias consecutivos, um dia de fim de semana (domingo) e dois dias de semana (segunda e terça-feira) e no quarto dia (quarta-feira) preencheram o 3DPAR. Para a análise do nível de atividade física, o acelerômetro fornece contagem/min em cinco classificações (sedentário, leve, moderada, vigorosa e muito vigorosa). Para a validade do 3DPAR observou-se diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) para a maioria das intensidades entre o tempo em minutos do 3DPAR e do método critério na amostra total, bem como por sexo e rede de ensino. Também notou-se baixa correlação para o tempo em minutos em todas as intensidades do 3DPAR e método critério na amostra total, bem como por sexo e rede de ensino. Entretanto, para o comportamento sedentário houve correlações significativas para amostra total, sexo feminino e masculino e escola privada. Os gráficos de Bland-Altman demonstraram que na maioria das intensidades, exceto a moderada, houve uma superestimativa no tempo em minutos do 3DPAR em relação ao método critério, com todas apresentando um desvio-padrão elevado. Todas crianças atingiram as recomendações de 60 minutos em AFMV. Meninas, a escola pública e o turno matutino apresentaram maior contagem/min em relação os meninos, a escola privada e aos alunos do turno vespertino, respectivamente. Verificou-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os sexos para o tempo total dos três dias (p = 0,040), entre as redes de ensino para o tempo total dos 3 dias (p = 0,000), para o tempo total nos dias de semana (p = 0,000) e para o tempo total de fim de semana (p = 0,000) e entre os turnos para o tempo total dos três dias (p = 0,010), para o tempo total dos dias de semana (p = 0,010) e para o tempo total de fim de semana (p = 0,010). O comportamento sedentário não difere significativamente entre os sexos, rede de ensino e turno escolar em relação à contagem/min diária. No entanto, quando analisado ambos os turnos separadamente, verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa do comportamento sedentário entre as janelas de tempo nos alunos do turno matutino F(2, 102) = 341,270, p < 0,001, η2= 2,59) e vespertino F(2, 96) = 168,65, p < 0,001, η2 = 1,87) com um tamanho de efeito alto para ambos os casos. Foi observado que os alunos do turno matutino apresentam maior comportamento sedentário (p < 0,05) no período da manhã, seguido dos períodos da tarde e noite. As crianças do turno vespertino apresentam maior comportamento sedentário (p < 0,05) no período da tarde, seguido dos períodos da manhã e noite. O conjunto dos resultados nos permite inferir que o instrumento 3DPAR não é suficientemente preciso na avaliação do nível de atividade física de crianças de 10 anos de idade, com tendência a superestimar o envolvimento das crianças nas intensidades leve, vigorosa e muito vigorosa. Todas as crianças atingiram recomendações de atividade física e foi verificado que existem diferenças nos padrões de atividade física entre os sexos, entre redes de ensino e entre os turnos escolares.O comportamento sedentário é mais pronunciado no turno em que as crianças estudam, reafirmando a premissa da marcante influência da escola nesse comportamento.Considerando que as crianças passam várias horas dos seus dias no ambiente escolar, sugere-se que as escolas criem projetos de intervenção e políticas de incentivo, com o intuito de oferecer novas oportunidades na grade curricular para reduzir os comportamentos sedentários e para potencializar os comportamentos ativos.
The practice of regular physical activity during childhood and adolescence has been recommended to reduce the risk of chronic disease and promote physical and psychological well-being. There is a great difficulty in performing accurate measurements of physical activity levels, plus a few simple, practical and cost- effective for children and adolescents, appropriately validated methods.The main objective of the study was to evaluate the validity of recall 3 days of Physical Activity (3DPAR), Brazilian version, in children 10 years of age, as measured using accelerometry criteria. Secondly, the objectives were: a) check the daily activity level of children in relation to the recommendations of at least 60 minutes of daily physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA), b) verify the influences of sex, schools and school days in these behaviors, c ) analyze the sedentary behavior of the students in their daily activities, checking factors such as gender, type of school and school days influences in this behavior, d) analyze the sedentary behavior of those who study in different shifts (morning or evening) in three windows time (morning, afternoon and evening). Were selected 101 children, 46 boys and 55 girls, with 10-year-old students from municipal and private schools in Viçosa, MG. Used the Actigraph accelerometer model GT3X for three consecutive days, a day of the weekend (Sunday) and two weekdays (Monday and Tuesday) and on the fourth day (Wednesday) met 3DPAR. To analyze the level of physical activity, the accelerometer provides counts / min in five classifications (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous and very vigorous). For the validity of 3DPAR it was observed significant differences (p < 0.05) for most intensities between time in minutes 3DPAR the criteria and method for the total sample and by gender and type of school. Also noted was a low correlation to the time in minutes in all intensities 3DPAR method and criteria for the total sample and by gender and type of school. However, for sedentary behavior were no significant correlations for the total sample, female and male, private school. The Bland-Altman plots showed that most of the intensities except for moderate, there was an overestimation of the time in minutes 3DPAR on criterion method, all presenting a high standard deviation. All children reached the recommendations of 60 minutes of MVPA. Girls, public school and morning shift had higher counts / min compared to boys, private school students and the afternoon shift, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between genders for the total time of three days (p = 0.040) between the school systems for the total time of 3 days (p = 0.000) for the total time on weekdays (p = 0.000) and the total time of the weekend (p = 0.000) and between shifts for full time of three days (p = 0.010) for the total time of the weekdays (p = 0.010) and the total time weekend (p = 0.010).Sedentary behavior does not differ significantly between the sexes, the school system and school day in relation to the count / min daily. However, when analyzed separately both rounds, there was a statistically significant difference between sedentary behavior time windows in students of morning shift F (2. 102) = 341.270, p < 0.001, η2 = 2.59) and afternoon F (2. 96) = 168.65, p < 0.001, η2 = 1.87) with a high effect size for both cases. It was observed that the students of morning shift have a higher sedentary behavior (p < 0.05) in the morning, followed by afternoon and evening periods. Children's afternoon shift have a higher sedentary behavior (p < 0.05) in the afternoon, followed by the morning and evening. The overall results allow us to infer that the instrument 3DPAR is not sufficiently accurate in assessing the level of physical activity in children 10 years of age, with a tendency to overestimate children's involvement in mild, vigorous and very vigorous intensity. All children reached physical activity recommendations and it was found that there are differences in patterns of physical activity between the sexes, between educational systems and between school shifts. Sedentary behavior is more pronounced in the turn that the children study, reaffirming the premise of the school that marked influence behavior. Considering that children spend several hours of their day at school, it is suggested that schools create intervention projects and incentive policies, in order to offer new opportunities in the curriculum to reduce sedentary behaviors and to enhance the active behaviors.
The practice of regular physical activity during childhood and adolescence has been recommended to reduce the risk of chronic disease and promote physical and psychological well-being. There is a great difficulty in performing accurate measurements of physical activity levels, plus a few simple, practical and cost- effective for children and adolescents, appropriately validated methods.The main objective of the study was to evaluate the validity of recall 3 days of Physical Activity (3DPAR), Brazilian version, in children 10 years of age, as measured using accelerometry criteria. Secondly, the objectives were: a) check the daily activity level of children in relation to the recommendations of at least 60 minutes of daily physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA), b) verify the influences of sex, schools and school days in these behaviors, c ) analyze the sedentary behavior of the students in their daily activities, checking factors such as gender, type of school and school days influences in this behavior, d) analyze the sedentary behavior of those who study in different shifts (morning or evening) in three windows time (morning, afternoon and evening). Were selected 101 children, 46 boys and 55 girls, with 10-year-old students from municipal and private schools in Viçosa, MG. Used the Actigraph accelerometer model GT3X for three consecutive days, a day of the weekend (Sunday) and two weekdays (Monday and Tuesday) and on the fourth day (Wednesday) met 3DPAR. To analyze the level of physical activity, the accelerometer provides counts / min in five classifications (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous and very vigorous). For the validity of 3DPAR it was observed significant differences (p < 0.05) for most intensities between time in minutes 3DPAR the criteria and method for the total sample and by gender and type of school. Also noted was a low correlation to the time in minutes in all intensities 3DPAR method and criteria for the total sample and by gender and type of school. However, for sedentary behavior were no significant correlations for the total sample, female and male, private school. The Bland-Altman plots showed that most of the intensities except for moderate, there was an overestimation of the time in minutes 3DPAR on criterion method, all presenting a high standard deviation. All children reached the recommendations of 60 minutes of MVPA. Girls, public school and morning shift had higher counts / min compared to boys, private school students and the afternoon shift, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between genders for the total time of three days (p = 0.040) between the school systems for the total time of 3 days (p = 0.000) for the total time on weekdays (p = 0.000) and the total time of the weekend (p = 0.000) and between shifts for full time of three days (p = 0.010) for the total time of the weekdays (p = 0.010) and the total time weekend (p = 0.010).Sedentary behavior does not differ significantly between the sexes, the school system and school day in relation to the count / min daily. However, when analyzed separately both rounds, there was a statistically significant difference between sedentary behavior time windows in students of morning shift F (2. 102) = 341.270, p < 0.001, η2 = 2.59) and afternoon F (2. 96) = 168.65, p < 0.001, η2 = 1.87) with a high effect size for both cases. It was observed that the students of morning shift have a higher sedentary behavior (p < 0.05) in the morning, followed by afternoon and evening periods. Children's afternoon shift have a higher sedentary behavior (p < 0.05) in the afternoon, followed by the morning and evening. The overall results allow us to infer that the instrument 3DPAR is not sufficiently accurate in assessing the level of physical activity in children 10 years of age, with a tendency to overestimate children's involvement in mild, vigorous and very vigorous intensity. All children reached physical activity recommendations and it was found that there are differences in patterns of physical activity between the sexes, between educational systems and between school shifts. Sedentary behavior is more pronounced in the turn that the children study, reaffirming the premise of the school that marked influence behavior. Considering that children spend several hours of their day at school, it is suggested that schools create intervention projects and incentive policies, in order to offer new opportunities in the curriculum to reduce sedentary behaviors and to enhance the active behaviors.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Criança, Atividade física, Recordatório de três dias de atividade física (3DPAR), Acelerometria, Child, Physical activity, Recall three days of physical activity (3DPAR), Accelerometry
Citação
CAETANO, Isabella Toledo. Level of physical activity in children ten years old. 2014. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Aspectos sócio-culturais do movimento humano; Aspectos biodinâmicos do movimento humano) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2014.