Controle da podridão gomosa em melão rendilhado em cultivo protegido por sanitização de ferramenta de poda
Arquivos
Data
2004-11
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Editor
Fitopatologia Brasileira
Resumo
A podridão gomosa (Didymella bryoniae) é a principal doença para o meloeiro rendilhado (Cucumis melo) cultivado em estufas no Norte do Estado do Paraná e a poda das brotações laterais das plantas tem sido eficiente meio de disseminação do patógeno. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da desinfestação da tesoura de poda com hipoclorito de sódio (2%), no desenvolvimento da podridão gomosa em meloeiro rendilhado cultivado em estufa plástica. Foram utilizados os híbridos Bônus II e Sunrise em oito estufas, localizadas em diferentes propriedades em Maringá, Paraná. Avaliou-se a incidência da doença através da percentagem de plantas com alguma necrose no caule, a percentagem de plantas mortas e o brix e a produtividade dos frutos. Os resultados mostraram a alta eficiência da técnica de desinfestação da tesoura de poda no controle da doença. Para Bônus II e Sunrise, podados com tesoura desinfestada, a percentagem de plantas com necrose no caule variou de 27,5 a 12,5 e de 20,0 a 7,5, respectivamente. Ainda com esse tratamento, a percentagem de plantas mortas variou de 7,5 a 2,5 e de 10,0 a 2,5, respectivamente, para Bônus II e Sunrise. Para Bônus II, sem desinfestação da tesoura de poda, registrou-se variação percentual de 62,5 a 100 e de 30,0 a 100 de plantas com necrose no caule e de plantas mortas, respectivamente. Já, para Sunrise, a percentagem de plantas com necrose no caule e de plantas mortas, quando a tesoura não foi desinfestada, variou de 42,5 a 100 e de 10,0 a 87,5, respectivamente. O procedimento de sanitização proporcionou elevado incremento no brix e na produção de frutos.
Gummy stem blight on cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo), caused by Didymella bryoniae, has been a very destructive disease in Northern Paraná State, Brazil, where it can cause yield losses of up to 100%. This pathogen is believed to be spread inside plastic greenhouses mainly through the cutting tools used for removal of shoots from plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sanitation on the disease progress by washing scissors used for cutting shoots in 2% NaClO. Experiments were set up in commercial plastic greenhouses for a period of two years using two cantaloupe melon hybrids, 'Bônus II' and 'Sunrise'. Disease intensity was assessed through incidence, expressed by the percent of plants showing necrosis on stems and the percent of dead plants, fruit brix and yield. The results showed that i t is possible to reduce the spread of rot gumosis inside the plastic greenhouse by washing the cutting tools in 2% NaClO. In 'Bônus II', sanitation was observed to reduce the percentage of plants showing necrosis from 62.5-100% to 12.5-27.5%, and the percentage of dead plants from 30.0-100% to 2.5-7.5%. In "Sunrise", sanitation reduced the percentage of plants showing necrosis from 42.5-100% to 2.5-10%, and the percentage of dead plants from 10-87.5% to 2.5-10%. Sanitation increased 'Bônus II' yield from zero-19.88 ton.ha-1 to 26.78-27.61 ton.ha-1 and 'Sunrise' yield from 4.5-21.34 ton.ha-1 to 26.86-28.34 ton.ha-1. Also, sanitation increased fruit brix in both cantaloupe melon hybrids.
Gummy stem blight on cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo), caused by Didymella bryoniae, has been a very destructive disease in Northern Paraná State, Brazil, where it can cause yield losses of up to 100%. This pathogen is believed to be spread inside plastic greenhouses mainly through the cutting tools used for removal of shoots from plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sanitation on the disease progress by washing scissors used for cutting shoots in 2% NaClO. Experiments were set up in commercial plastic greenhouses for a period of two years using two cantaloupe melon hybrids, 'Bônus II' and 'Sunrise'. Disease intensity was assessed through incidence, expressed by the percent of plants showing necrosis on stems and the percent of dead plants, fruit brix and yield. The results showed that i t is possible to reduce the spread of rot gumosis inside the plastic greenhouse by washing the cutting tools in 2% NaClO. In 'Bônus II', sanitation was observed to reduce the percentage of plants showing necrosis from 62.5-100% to 12.5-27.5%, and the percentage of dead plants from 30.0-100% to 2.5-7.5%. In "Sunrise", sanitation reduced the percentage of plants showing necrosis from 42.5-100% to 2.5-10%, and the percentage of dead plants from 10-87.5% to 2.5-10%. Sanitation increased 'Bônus II' yield from zero-19.88 ton.ha-1 to 26.78-27.61 ton.ha-1 and 'Sunrise' yield from 4.5-21.34 ton.ha-1 to 26.86-28.34 ton.ha-1. Also, sanitation increased fruit brix in both cantaloupe melon hybrids.
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Palavras-chave
Didymella bryoniae, Cucumis melo, Estufa plástica, Plasticultura, Manejo