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Item Late quaternary fossil record of Myocastor Kerr, 1792 (Rodentia: Hystricognathi: Caviomorpha) from Brazil with taxonomical and environmental remarks(Quaternary International, 2014-11-26) Lessa, Gisele; Kerber, Leonardo; Ribeiro, Ana Maria; Cartelle, CástorMyocastor Kerr, 1792 is a semi-aquatic caviomorph rodent that lives in southern South America. Pleistocene fossils of Myocastor are known from Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay, and Brazil. This contribution is intended to clarify the taxonomic situation of the specimens of this taxon from the Brazilian Quaternary. The material was collected in late Quaternary localities from the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, and Rio Grande do Sul. We assign these specimens to Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782). Although some variation was seen, we do not consider it significant enough to include the fossil specimens in other extinct previously described taxa or in a new taxon. The modern original range of Myocastor encompasses only southern South America, but in the late Pleistocene/early Holocene, its distribution was displaced, at least to Bahia (∼10°S), northeast Brazil. This fact could be related to the presence of more humid environments in the the late Pleistocene/early Holocene of this region in comparison with the modern days, where the Caatinga is predominant.Item Face or flee? Fenitrothion resistance and behavioral response in populations of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais(Face or flee? Fenitrothion resistance and behavioral response in populations of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, 2011-02-26) Braga, Lucas S.; Correa, Alberto Soares; Pereira, E. J. G.; Guedes, Raul NarcisoInsect survival in the presence of contact insecticides may be through physiological mechanisms or avoidance of contact with the compound. Curiously, although the first alternative is the object of frequent attention, the second is often neglected, but both may lead to insecticide resistance. Preliminary evidence for both physiological and behavioral resistance to pyrethroids has been obtained for a few strains of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Here we carried out a more comprehensive survey using 15 populations of S. zeamais, by examining a long-used but relatively little studied organophosphate – fenitrothion, recording not only physiological resistance, but also the behavioral responses to exposure. Physiological resistance to fenitrothion among populations of S. zeamais reached low to moderate levels (ranging from 0.9 to 14.1× at the LC50), an increase in resistance levels compared with previous studies. Fenitrothion-induced behavioral avoidance varied among populations, particularly regarding insecticide irritability (i.e., avoidance after contact with fenitrothion), but the behavioral responses observed were mainly stimulus-independent. However, there was no correlation between physiological and behavioral resistance to fenitrothion in S. zeamais populations. Both survival strategies to fenitrothion – facing or fleeing the insecticide exposure, were observed and may co-occur in a single population, emphasizing the need of assessing both responses and their relative importance in designing management programs against stored-product insects.Item Integrating life-history traits and amphibian upland habitat use in a Neotropical hotspot(Acta Oecologica, 2015-11) Moura, Mario R.; Dixo, Marianna; Feio, Renato N.Effective management of semi-aquatic animals requires detailed information on upland habitat use around aquatic habitats. Quantifying the amount of habitats needed to sustain local animals’ populations is a crucial criterion when setting protective buffers to water bodies, especially for amphibians, which depend on these upland habitats for breeding and development. Differences in upland habitat use can emerge among amphibian species with distinct life-history traits, including reproductive-strategy (pond-breeding vs. non-pond breeding anurans), life-stage (adults vs. juveniles), and sex (males vs. females). To date there has been no quantitative study of upland habitat use in the Neotropics, which can provide a baseline for quantifying the amount of upland forested habitats needed to sustain local amphibian populations. We monitored three ponds for over two sampling year using drift fences with pitfall traps to investigate how reproductive-strategy, life-stage, and sex affect anuran upland habitat use in a forest remnant in the Atlantic Forest hotspot. We found no differences in upland habitat use between adult and juvenile anurans. However, we found that although the species richness of pond-breeding and non-pond breeding anurans was similar near wetlands, there was greater abundance of pond-breeding compared to non-pond breeding anurans. We also found a strong difference between the sexes in pond-breeding anurans, with males remaining closer to wetlands than females. Thus, the sex ratio of amphibian populations can be strongly skewed toward males if only small protective terrestrial buffers (50-m) are enforced during land development. Our findings also point to the inadequacy of current Brazilian policies to protect small wetlands and the fauna that depend on them. We recommend that policymakers adjust regulatory criteria to set hierarchical protective buffers around wetlands allowing different levels of land-use intervention.Item Control failure likelihood and spatial dependence of insecticide resistance in the tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta(Pest Management Science, 2011-03-10) Silva, Gerson A.; Picanço, Marcelo C.; Bacci, Leandro; Crespo, André Luiz B.; Rosado, Jander F.; Guedes, Raul Narciso C.Insecticide resistance is a likely cause of field control failures of Tuta absoluta, but the subject has been little studied. Therefore, resistance to ten insecticides was surveyed in seven representative field populations of this species. The likelihood of control failures was assessed, as well as weather influence and the spatial dependence of insecticide resistance. No resistance or only low resistance levels were observed for pyrethroids (bifenthrin and permethrin), abamectin, spinosad, Bacillus thuringiensis and the mixture deltamethrin + triazophos (<12.5-fold). In contrast, indoxacarb exhibited moderate levels of resistance (up to 27.5-fold), and chitin synthesis inhibitors exhibited moderate to high levels of resistance (up to 222.3-fold). Evidence of control failures was obtained for bifenthrin, permethrin, diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron and B. thuringiensis. Weather conditions favour resistance to some insecticides, and spatial dependence was observed only for bifenthrin and permethrin. Insecticide resistance in field populations of the tomato pinworm prevails for the insecticides nowadays most frequently used against them – the chitin synthesis inhibitors (diflubenzuron, triflumuron and teflubenzuron). Local selection favoured by weather conditions and dispersal seem important for pyrethroid resistance evolution among Brazilian populations of T. absoluta and should be considered in designing pest management programmes.Item Grossicis, a new genus of Neotropical minute tree-fungus beetles (Coleoptera: Ciidae), with a detailed discussion on its systematic position in the family(Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2012-01-09) Antunes-Carvalho, Caio; Sandoval-Gomez, Vivian Eliana; Lopes-Andrade, CristianoGrossicis gen. nov. is described based on G. diadematus (Mellié, 1849) comb. nov., the type species, and G. laminicornis sp. nov. from Brazil. Diagnostic characters of the genus include the apical maxillary palpomere abruptly expanded with sensilla distributed along the apical margin, dual elytral punctation, elytral sutural flange diverging near apex, prosternum carinate, protibial apex bearing a row of spines and outer apical angle with a conspicuous tooth, ovipositor bearing well developed gonostyli with almost half the length of gonocoxites, baculum of each proximal gonocoxite oblique, and anterior apex of each paraproctal baculum contiguous and joined to each proctigeral baculum, their limits being barely discernible, forming an arc anteriorly. Comparisons were made with other 37 ciid genera, and the new genus is provisionally placed in Ciini. A key to species of Grossicis gen. nov. is provided, together with the description of external morphology of adults, as well as the morphology of male and female terminalia of both species.Item Ceracis zarathustrai sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Atlantic Forest biome(Zoologia (Curitiba), 2014-09-06) Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano; Pecci-Maddalena, Ítalo S.C. Pecci-Maddalena; Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian ElianaCeracis Mellié, 1849 is the second most speciose genus of Ciidae, with 51 described species. Here we describe Ceracis zarathustrai sp. nov. based on adult individuals collected in three remnants of the Atlantic Forest biome (states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo). We provide information on its host fungi and briefly discuss the morphological affinities with other species of the genus.Item Two new Neotropical species of Ceracis Mellié (Coleoptera, Ciidae) and redefinition of the cucullatus group(ZooKeys, 2011-10-03) Antunes-Carvalho, Caio; Lopes-Andrade, CristianoTwo new Neotropical species of Ceracis Mellié are described: Ceracis cassumbensis Antunes-Carvalho & Lopes-Andrade, sp. n. from a single locality in northeastern Brazil and Ceracis navarretei Antunes-Carvalho & Lopes-Andrade, sp. n. from a single locality in southern Mexico. Scanning Electron Microscope images of adults and photographs of holotypes and male terminalia are provided for both species, their similarities and differences with other Ceracis are briefly discussed, and the cucullatus species-group is redefined for including the new species described herein.Item Paracrias pluteus (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) in Brazil: new distribution and host records, and with a new host group for Paracrias(ZooKeys, 2011-06-02) Pikart, Tiago G.; Souza, Gabriely K.; Costa, Valmir A.; Hansson, Christer; Zanuncio, José C.Bruchines damage agricultural crops and trees, reducing the quantity and quality of the seeds. The aim of this study is to record, for the first time, Paracrias pluteus as a parasitoid on the immature stages of Sennius spodiogaster and Sennius cupreatus on seeds of Melanoxylon brauna in Teixeiras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Paracrias pluteus is a parasitoid without previous host records and known only from Costa Rica. Specimens obtained in this study add to knowledge of the biology of Paracrias species with a new host group (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), and the first host record and a new distribution for Paracrias pluteus.Item Two new Neotropical species of Ceracis Mellié (Coleoptera, Ciidae) and redefinition of the cucullatus group(ZooKeys, 2011-10-03) Carvalho, Caio Antunes; Andrade, Cristiano LopesTwo new Neotropical species of Ceracis Mellié are described: Ceracis cassumbensis Antunes-Carvalho & Lopes-Andrade, sp. n. from a single locality in northeastern Brazil and Ceracis navarretei Antunes-Carvalho & Lopes-Andrade, sp. n. from a single locality in southern Mexico. Scanning Electron Microscope images of adults and photographs of holotypes and male terminalia are provided for both species, their similarities and differences with other Ceracis are briefly discussed, and the cucullatus species-group is redefined for including the new species described herein.Item A new species of Neomida Latreille from Colombia, with additional records and a complementary description for Neomida suilla (Champion) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Diaperini)(Zookeys, 2015-04-08) Aloquio, Sergio; Lopes-Andrade, CristianoNeomida diminuta sp. n. is described, based on a single male specimen from Colombia, and a redescription of Neomida suilla (Champion) is given. Data on the morphology of the aedeagus for both species, and on the female abdominal terminalia for Neomida suilla are provided. New records of Neomida suilla from Atlantic Forest remnants in the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, Brazil are given.