Fisiologia Vegetal
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/185
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Item Growth performance and essential oil production in in vitro grown Lippia alba plantlets as affected by light quality and elevated CO 2(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2016-02-17) Batista, Diego Silva; Otoni, Wagner Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1993758836984909Aiming to evaluate the effect of light quality in morphogenesis and essential oil production and CO 2 elevation on morphogenesis, anatomy, essential oils qualitative production and expression of genes related to the synthesis pathway in three chemotypes of Lippia alba (BGEN-01, BGEN-02 and BGEN-42), three experiments were conducted in vitro. In the first experiment, plants were grown in hormone-free MS medium at three lights conditions: fluorescent lamps, White LED bulbs and blue/red LEDs, after 40 days qualitative analysis of essential oils profile and quantitative analysis of the morphogenic parameters: plant length, fresh and dry weight, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids were performed. In the second experiment, the effects of gas exchange in essential oil profile were evaluated by comparing plants 45-days grown under three CO 2 exchange rates: 14, 21 and 25 μL L -1 s -1 CO 2 . In the third experiment, in addition to the previous 14 and 25 μL L -1 s -1 CO 2 treatments, plants were put into a chamber with continuous forced air ventilation, leading to inner of 360 and 1000 μL L −1 of CO 2 , an additional control without allowing gas exchange was added inside the chambers, totaling five treatments. After 45 days of growth, analyses of essential oils profile, histochemical, stomatal density, morphogenic evaluation and real- time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed. The light quality significantly influenced the in vitro growth of L. alba. Blue/red LEDs induced higher fresh and dry weigh in BGEN-01 and BGEN-02 chemotypes and the lower to BGEN-42. Photosynthetic pigments were also higher in plants grown under blue/red LEDs for all chemotypes. The multivariate analysis allowed to identify different patterns of essential oil production among the treatments. The composition of the volatile compounds ranged with the light quality and chemotypes, this variability is due mainly to differences in amounts of eucalyptol and linalool. The enrichment with CO 2 enhanced plant dry and fresh weight, total chlorophylls and carotenoids in BGEN- 01 and BGEN-02, and also increased stomatal density and lignin content for all chemotypes. The multivariate analysis showed that essential oil profile varied not only among the different chemotypes, but also within BGEN-01 and BGEN-02 the viiiqualitative production were different in the treatments with forced air renovation and CO 2 enrichment. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) and geranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GPPS) did not vary, except for the treatments with forced air ventilation (360 and 1000 μL L -1 ) in the BGEN-01, which had FPPS upregulated. Geraniol synthase (GS) was upregulated in all BGEN-02 treatments and to the BGEN-01 treatments with 360 and 1000 μL L -1 CO 2 . Nerolidol synthase (NS) was upregulated only in the BGEN- 01, at the treatments with 360 and 1000 μL L -1 CO 2 . These findings provide a better understanding of the relation between light quality and essential oil profile and also of how CO 2 regulates secondary metabolites production, giving basis for further studies that can allow an oriented production of essential oils with greater economic and industrial interest.Item Influência de trocas gasosas, do etileno e de poliaminas na morfogênese in vitro de pimenteira ornamental (Capsicum annuum L.)(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012-02-16) Batista, Diego Silva; Rêgo, Mailson Monteiro do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5835503195495055; Dias, Leonardo Lucas Carnevalli; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4764363H5; Otoni, Wagner Campos; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4786133Y6; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1993758836984909; Saldanha, Cleber Witt; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1342735370027332O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência do etileno, das poliaminas e das trocas gasosas na morfogênese in vitro de pimenteira ornamental. Sementes de Capsicum annuum L. foram desinfestadas e inoculadas em meio MS suplementado com vitaminas B5, mio-inositol, sacarose e ágar. Para a organogênese, explantes cotiledonares e hipocotiledonares foram cultivados no meio descrito, porém adicionado de 6-benziladenina (BA) e ácido indolacético (AIA). O efeito das trocas gasosas foi avaliado utilizando três tipos de vedações dos frascos: tampas de polipropileno rígido sem membrana, com uma e com duas membranas (MilliSeal® AVS-045 Air Vent). Análises histológicas, de pigmentos fotossintéticos e de características morfológicas foram realizadas. Também foram realizados tratamentos com inibidores (aminoetoxivinilglicina AVG, tiossulfato de prata - STS), sequestrador (perclorato de mercúrio PM) e promotor da produção de etileno (ácido 1-carboxílico 1-aminociclopropano - ACC), além da adição de poliaminas (putrescina, espermidina e espermina) e de seu inibidor (metilglioxal-bis-guanil hidrazona MGBG) ao meio de regeneração. Plântulas cultivadas em frascos com tampas com membranas apresentaram estruturas anatômicas diferenciadas e crescimento mais vigorosos comparados ao controle. Estes tratamentos resultaram em plântulas maiores, com folhas mais expandidas, maior número de folhas, maior massa fresca, maior teor de massa seca e maior quantidade de pigmentos fotossintéticos. Todavia, na indução de organogênese os tipos de vedação não foram significativos, tendo o tipo de explante sido mais determinante na formação de gemas e calos. AVG, STS e o PM induziram alta frequência de regeneração. O ACC e o MGBG induziram menor taxa de regeneração, elevada calogênese e apresentaram níveis mais altos de etileno. Por outro lado, quando se adicionou as poliaminas ao meio de cultura, os níveis de etileno foram mais baixos que o controle e a frequência de regeneração foi mais alta. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que maiores trocas gasosas são benéficas no cultivo in vitro de Capsicum annuum L. e que os níveis endógenos de etileno e poliaminas interferem diretamente nas respostas morfogênicas durante a regeneração in vitro desta espécie.