Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11837
Navegar
109 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Consumo de álcool e a influência do exercício físico na atividade enzimática de ratos wistar(Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 2016-01) Righi, Thamires; Carvalho, Camilo Amaro de; Ribeiro, Lucas Mota; Cunha, Daise Nunes Queiroz da; Paiva, Ana Carolina Silva; Natali, Antônio José; Pereira, Eveline Torres; Lima, Luciana MoreiraBiomarcadores vem sendo utilizados para monitorar o uso do álcool e, atualmente, os mais sensíveis e específicos são enzimas hepáticas, por exemplo, gama glutamiltransferase (GGT), alanina aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e fosfatase alcalina (ALP). Verificar, a partir da experimentação animal, as alterações provocadas pelo uso de álcool e pela prática de atividade física nas enzimas hepáticas e pancreáticas. Vinte e quatro ratos da linhagem Wistar foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em grupos experimentais, alojados em gaiolas com ambiente controlado, divididos de acordo com os tratamentos recebidos. No tratamento inicial, foi administrado álcool aos grupos álcool sedentário (AS) e álcool exercitado (AE) e, ao final da quarta semana, iniciou-se o programa de treinamento físico em esteira com os grupos AE e controle exercitado (CE). A coleta de sangue foi realizada por punção cardíaca ao final de cada experimento. Na análise estatística, utilizou-se teste de análise de variância (ANOVA) seguido de teste de Tukey e teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O grupo AS apresentou valores significativamente mais elevados de ALT e ALP quando comparado aos grupos CE e AE, respectivamente. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os quatro grupos estudados para os parâmetros AST, GGT e amilase.A associação entre consumo de álcool e sedentarismo aumentou a liberação das enzimas ALT e ALP em ratos Wistar; a prática de exercício físico aeróbico após abstinência alcoólica evitou o aumento da liberação de ALP no plasma desses animais.Item Unprecedented one-pot sequence for the synthesis of tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids and preliminary evaluation of their antibacterial activity(Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 2018-12) Purgato, Gislaine A.; Diaz, Marisa A. N.; Diaz-Muñoz, Gaspar; Miranda, Izabel L.; Sartori, Suélen K.; Dias, Gabriel N. S.; Kohlhoff, MarkusA novel one-pot sequence (in 2 or 3 steps) was developed for the synthesis of the tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids (±)-galipinine, (±)-cuspareine, (±)-galipeine and (±)-angustureine, and the derivative (±)-11-methoxy-5,6,6a,7,8,13-hexahydro-13a-aza-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta [1,2-a]naphthalene-12-ol from their respective Wittig adducts in moderate and high yields. The solvolytic N-methylation reaction was shown to be catalyzed by Pt0, generated in situ by reduction of PtO2. The evaluation of biofilm inhibition and antibacterial activity of the compounds against Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cows with mastitis revealed that the alkaloid derivative is a promising candidate for an antibiotic drug.Item Divergência em QTLs e variância genética para teores de proteína e óleo em soja(Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 2015-11) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre os parâmetros de divergência em regiões de QTLs e a variância genética em genótipos de soja, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo nos grãos. Dois grupos de genótipos foram avaliados, em diferentes ambientes, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo e genotipados com marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs. A partir de cada grupo, estabeleceram-se subgrupos por critérios pré-definidos e avaliou-se a relação entre os parâmetros, tendo-se comparado a divergência média e a variância genética entre os subgrupos. Os subgrupos foram definidos com base nos critérios de diferença em divergência média, homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos subgrupos e proximidade em uma projeção tridimensional da matriz de distância. As percentagens de concordância entre maiores valores de divergência média e de variância genética para o total de subgrupos de cada grupo inicial foram de 72,5 e de 73,4%, respectivamente. Portanto, nestes genótipos, há relação positiva entre as estimativas de divergência em regiões de QTL e variância genética para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos. As distâncias genéticas com base nos marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs são eficientes para a predição da variabilidade genética em genótipos de soja para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos.Item Balanço de minerais e desempenho em frangos de corte aos 21 dias de idade alimentados com rações contendo Solanum malacoxylon(Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 2015-07) Vieites, Flávio Medeiros; Araújo, Gilson Mendes; Vale, Patricia Azevedo Castelo Branco do; Souza, Christiane Silva; Névoa, Marcelo Lopes; Vargas Júnior, José Geraldo de; Nunes, Ricardo Vianna; Arruda, Nelson Vital Monteiro deEstudou-se o desempenho produtivo e as quantidades de cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), magnésio (Mg), potássio (K) e sódio (Na) nas excretas e carcaças de frangos de corte aos 21 dias de idade alimentados com adição de Solanum malacoxylon (SM) nas rações. Adotou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos: 0,0, 2,5 e 5,0g de SM/kg de ração, sendo cinco repetições e quatro aves por unidade experimental. O uso de 5,0 g de SM/kg de ração reduziu o ganho de peso e piorou a conversão alimentar, embora o consumo não tenha sido influenciado. A inclusão da planta não afetou (p>0,05) os teores de cálcio, magnésio, potássio e sódio nas excretas e, consequentemente, na absorção desses minerais. A composição mineral das carcaças foi alterada, sendo as concentrações de Na, Mg e K, influenciadas. Recomenda-se a adição de até 2,5g de SM/kg de ração para frangos de corte até 21 dias de idade.Item Association of candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean by temperature-switch PCR (TSP) genotyping(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2018-07) Bueno, Rafael Delmond; God, Pedro Ivo Vieira Good; Prata, Isadora Oliveira; Pereira, Pedro Henrique Scarpelli; Teixeira, Arlindo Inês; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves deThe development of molecular markers is essential for improvement of soybean cultivars with modified fatty acid content. The objective of this study was to identify and validate SNP markers in candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean. Six candidate genes (ARAF, PDAT, ABI3, FAD2-1b, FAD3B, and FAD3C) were selected. Alignment of gene sequences identified 25 SNPs and 3 INDELs. TSP primers were used to identify SNP alleles. 259 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (FA22 / CD219) and 185 F2 progenies (A29 / Tucunaré) were tested for association of SNPs. An SNP for FAD3B was associated with variation in content of linoleic acid (R2 = 5.84%) and linolenic acid (R2 = 6.79%). In FAD3C, an SNP was associated with linoleic and linolenic acids (R2 of 9.21% and 18.51%, respectively). The ABI3 gene was associated with palmitic acid, with R2 = 5.41%. The SNP markers identified will be used in assisted selection for improvement of fatty acid content.Item Diallel analysis and inbreeding depression in agronomic and technological traits of cotton genotypes(Bragantia, 2018-10) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes; Farias, Francisco José Correia; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo; Carvalho, Luiz Paulo deCotton provides about 90% of the world textile fiber, and is one of the crops of greater industrial relevance. The objectives of this study were to estimate the inbreeding depressionand the genetic effects involved in the control of the agronomic andfiber quality traits in F1 and F2 generations and to identify promising hybrids for obtaining superior cotton genotypes. Two cultivars of upland cotton and two moco (Brazilian endemic) cotton were crossed using a half-diallel scheme. The following traits were evaluated: percentage of fibers and weight of one boll, fiber length, fiber uniformity, short fiber index, fiber strength, and micronaire index. The additive genetic effects are predominant in the evaluated agronomic and fiber quality traits. Cultivar FM 966 is the most suitable parent to compose crossing blocks for the improvement of cotton agronomic and fiber quality traits. The hybrids FM 966 × CNPA 7MH and FM 966 × BRS 286 are the most promising for obtaining segregating populations aiming to select superior genotypes. Inbreeding depression is more pronounced in the agronomic traits than in the fiber quality traits.Item Elaboration and characterization of Japanese Raisin Tree (Hovenia dulcis Thumb.) pseudofruits fermented alcoholic beverage(Food Science and Technology, 2017-12) Pinto, Juliana Tensol; Oliveira, Tânia Toledo de; Queiroz, José Humberto de; Dias, Disney Ribeiro; Schwan, Rosane Freitas; Oliveira, Diego Pinto de; Alvarenga, Luana FarahHovenia dulcis pseudofruits have underexplored properties for food purposes, despite their pleasant sensory characteristics and therapeutic benefits. The aim of this study was the elaboration and chemical characterization of the alcoholic fermented beverage of H. dulcis, using selected strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CCMA 0200). The resulting fermented beverage presented high content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity when compared to other fruits and beverages (DPPH and ABTS assay). The alcohol content was 12.9 oGL and total sugars 3.57g/L. By the GC-MS analysis, 39 compounds were identified including metabolites with therapeutic potential such as eugenol, trans-farnesol salicylates. The flavonoid dihidromyricetin was identified and quantified (75.17 mg/L) by HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS/MS. The results reinforce the interest on nutraceutical and functional properties of this beverage and opens perspectives for new studies that value this underexplored pseudofruit.Item Nematicidal activity of Paecilomyces marquandii proteases on infective larvae of Ancylostoma spp(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2016-01) Genier, Hugo Leonardo André; Queiroz, José Humberto de; Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Soares, Filippe Elias de Freitas; Araújo, Jackson Victor de; Pinheiro, Iara RebouçasThe present study aimed to evaluate the action of Paecilomyces marquandii proteases on Ancylostoma spp L3. White halos in the zymogram confirmed the proteolytic action. Difference (p <0.01) between the number of L3 in the differents groups was found, with 41.4% of reduction of Ancylostoma spp. L3 before 24 hours.Item Plant extracts display synergism with different classes of antibiotics(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2019-05) Silva, Danielle M.; Costa, Priscilla A. da; Ribon, Andréa O. B.; Purgato, Gislaine A.; Diaz-Muñoz, Gaspar; Diaz, Marisa A.N.One manner in which plant-derived compounds exert their antibiotic potential is the synergism, a positive interaction between two compounds. Studies indicate that the use of plant extracts combined with antimicrobials may promote a significant reduction of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics for bacterial strains. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of plant extracts and antibiotics as well as their combination on Staphylococcus aureus. The activity of 15 plant extracts was evaluated using diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the interactions between the extracts and antibiotics as well as compound emodin were evaluated with the checkerboard method. The active extracts were a hexane extract of the leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia and the ethanol extracts of the leaves of Plectranthus ornatus, Inga edulis, Salvia officinalis and Senna macranthera. The Plectranthus ornatus extract displayed synergism with ampicillin (a β-lactam), kanamycin and gentamicin (aminoglycosides), with 8-fold reductions in the MIC. The same reduction was observed for the extracts of Salvia officinalis and Senna macranthera, which displayed the lowest MIC. Using these combinations resulted in a reduction in the minimum dose required for effective antimicrobial effects, which is interesting because it may decrease both the risk of side effects and the costs of treatment.Item Genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in relation to grain components(Ciência Rural, 2017) Rodrigues, Josiane Isabela da Silva; Arruda, Klever Márcio Antunes; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de; Piovesan, Newton Deniz; Moreira, Maurilio AlvesThe objective of this paper was to estimate the genetic divergence among 49 soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill .) genotypes to assist grain quality-focused breeding programs in the choice of progenitors. The genetic divergence was estimated using the Mahalanobis generalized distance from the percentages of protein, oil, and fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic after cultivation of genotypes in different environments. Genotypes were grouped by agglomerative methods and the two and three-dimensional projections of the distance matrix were obtained. The average protein and oil contents in the four environments ranged from 34.25 to 45.18% and from 16.48 to 23.01%, respectively. The average contents of the fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic ranged from 20.2 to 42.41%, from 44.17 to 63.18%, and from 5.89 to 10.39%, respectively. The genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 251.02 and indicated genetic variability among the accessions. The most divergent pair of accessions was PI417360/CD01RR8384, followed by PI417360/B3PTA213-3-4 and PI417360/BARC-8. The most similar par of accessions was CS3032PTA276-1-2/CS3032PTA190-5-1, followed by UFV18/M-SOY8914 and BRSMG Garantia/CD983321RR. In this study we indicated as promising in terms of genetic variability the hybridizations involving BARC-8, CD2013PTA, CD01RR8384, CS303TNKCA, PI181544, and PI417360. Among these genotypes we can stand out BARC-8 and CD2013PTA, with protein contents above 43%, and CD01RR8384 and CS303TNKCA, with oil contents above 20%. The use of these genetically divergent genotypes and with high phenotypic means in future crosses should produce desirable recombinants for grain quality.