Navegando por Autor "Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de"
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Item Análise eletroforética da peroxidase do tegumento da semente como complemento na identificação de cultivares de soja(Revista Ceres, 1996-05) Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de; Sediyama, Carlos Sigueyuki; Sediyama, Tuneo; Moraes, Carlos Floriano deQuatorze cultivares de soja foram separados em dois grupos principais, baseados nas atividades alta ou baixa da enzima peroxidase da semente, detectadas eletroforeticamente pela presença ou ausência de bandas no gel, respectivamente, viabilizando o uso dessa técnica como complemento na identificação de cultivares de soja. A mesma técnica foi empregada, com sucesso, para detectar a ocorrência ou não de hibridação em um cruzamento envolvendo dois cultivares de soja contrastantes em relação à atividade de isoperoxidases no tegumento, possibilitando separar os híbridos das autofecundações na ausência de marcadores morfológicos.Item Inheritance study and linkage mapping of resistance loci to Hemileia vastatrix in Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-03(Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2015-06-26) Pestana, Kátia Nogueira; Capucho, Alexandre Sandri; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Almeida, Dênia Pires de; Zambolim, Eunize Maciel; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Zambolim, Laércio; Pereira, Antônio Alves; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de; Sakiyama, Ney SussumuCoffee leaf rust (CLR) caused by Hemileia vastatrix Berk. et Br. is one of the major Coffea arabica diseases worldwide. CLR resistance has been attributed to at least nine dominant genes, as single or in combination. We present an inheritance study and mapping loci involved in the Híbrido de Timor (HDT) UFV 443-03 resistance to race I, race II, and pathotype 001 of H. vastatrix. Molecular markers were used to ascertain the phenotypic results and to map the putative resistance loci. For all tree isolates, the inheritance study indicated that the resistance of HDT UFV 443-03 is conditioned by two independent dominant loci or by three independent loci (two dominant and one recessive). Molecular marker analyses ascertained that the resistance of HDT UFV 443-03 to race II is conditioned by at least two independent dominant loci, while the resistance to race I and pathotype 001 is conditioned by at least four independent dominant loci. Gene pyramiding might result in a cultivar with durable resistance; however, it is difficult to distinguish between plants with one or more resistance genes due to epistatic effects. Molecular markers linked to these genes were indicated for marker-assisted selection, as it is an efficient breeding alternative for CLR resistance with no such epistatic effects.Item Integração de dados quantitativos e multicategóricos na determinação da divergência genética entre acessos de cafeeiro(Bragantia, 2013-08-21) Silva, Felipe Lopes da; Baffa, David Carlos Ferreira; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de; Pereira, Antonio Alves; Bonomo, Vitor SantosFoi realizada estratégia de integração dos dados quantitativos e multicategóricos para avaliação da divergência genética entre 88 acessos de Coffea arabica. Avaliaram-se 12 características quantitativas (nota total da qualidade sensorial da bebida; peso de três litros de "café da roça"; peso de três litros de "café da roça" com 11% de umidade; porcentagem de café beneficiado a partir de três litros de "café da roça" com 11% de umidade; peso de três litros de café beneficiado com 11% de umidade; total de frutos de "café da roça" em um litro; porcentagem de frutos secos, passas, cereja, verde-cana e verdes em um litro de "café da roça"; e porcentagem de frutos com lojas vazias em um litro de "café da roça") e seis características multicategóricas relacionadas à qualidade sensorial da bebida (doçura, acidez, corpo, sabor, retrogosto e aspecto geral). Baixa divergência genética foi encontrada entre os acessos considerando as características quantitativas e multicategóricas isoladamente. No entanto, com a conversão dos dados quantitativos em multicategóricos, a integração de características de diferentes naturezas favoreceu a melhor visualização da divergência genética entre os acessos avaliados, devido ao maior número de grupos formados em comparação ao agrupamento para cada conjunto de características.Item Marker-assisted selection provides arabica coffee with genes from other Coffea species targeting on multiple resistance to rust and coffee berry disease(Molecular Breeding, 2017-01-04) Alkimim, Emilly Ruas; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Sousa, Tiago Vieira; Pereira, Antônio Alves; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de; Zambolim, Laércio; Sakiyama, Ney SussumuSelecting superior genotypes is facilitated by marker-assisted selection (MAS), which is particularly suitable for transferring disease resistance alleles because it nullifies environmental effects and allows selection of resistant individuals in the absence of the pathogen or race, enabling preventive breeding. Molecular markers linked to two major genes (SH3 and SH?), conferring resistance to coffee rust, and those linked to the Ck-1 gene, conferring resistance to coffee berry disease (CBD), have previously been identified. These markers were validated and used in a progeny of crosses between Indian selections with Coffea arabica cultivars. Eleven resistant individuals homozygous for SH3 were identified by MAS. Of these, seven carry SH? from Híbrido de Timor and the gene introduced from Coffea liberica (SH3). SH? was characterized as derived from Coffea canephora. Thus, it was possible to identify C. arabica genotypes carrying important genes for rust resistance introgressed from other coffee species. MAS also allowed identification of sources of CBD resistance for use in preventive breeding for resistance to this serious disease. Using two validated molecular markers, two coffee plants carrying Ck-1 were identified: the UFV 328-60 genotype (F2) was resistant and homozygous based on both molecular markers but exhibited no markers related to SH3 and SH?, and the UFV 317-12 genotype (F1) was resistant and homozygous but resistant and heterozygous based on CBD-Sat207 and CBD-Sat235, respectively. Along with possessing Ck-1, the latter carries SH?. Overall, plants carrying different genes for resistance to rust and CBD were identified. These plants are important sources for gene pyramiding in breeding programs aimed at multiple and durable resistance.Item Molecular markers useful to discriminate Coffea arabica cultivars with high genetic similarity(Euphytica, 2017-03-03) Sousa, Tiago Vieira; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Alkimim, Emilly Ruas; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de; Pereira, Antonio Alves; Zambolim, Laércio; Sakiyama, Ney SussumuNew cultivars are released every year to meet market demands. However, in species with a narrow genetic base, such as Coffea arabica, the cultivars are closely related and phenotypically similar. This hinders the accurate discrimination of genotypes using morphological descriptors in distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) testing, which is required for the registration and protection of new cultivars. In this sense, molecular markers are an auxiliary tool for accurate and precise discrimination of cultivars. This study aimed to verify the informative capacity and effectiveness of a molecular marker set to discriminate among C. arabica varieties, create a database of DNA profiles and allele frequencies, analyze the genetic diversity in this collection, and explore genetic kinships. Thirty-four C. arabica cultivars/progenies, which belong to the Brazilian Cultivar Trial, were analyzed using 31 microsatellite markers. Markers with weak bands were removed, and of the remaining, 74.07% were polymorphic and revealed 47 alleles. The obtained molecular profiles revealed segregation between and within cultivars/progenies, and genetic variability was observed between all the cultivars/progenies. Sixteen markers were selected for dendrogram construction and for fingerprinting analysis of the cultivars. The ability of these markers to detect varietal mixture and analyze diversity between and within cultivars was also discussed in detail. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of markers in distinguishing related genotypes from those with similar phenotypic traits. This biotechnological tool will assist breeders in DUS testing of cultivars.Item Population structure and genetic diversity of coffee progenies derived from Catuaí and Híbrido de Timor revealed by genome-wide SNP marker(Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2017-11-10) Sousa, Tiago Vieira; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Alkimim, Emilly Ruas; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião de; Pereira, Antonio Alves; Sakiyama, Ney Sussumu; Resende Júnior, Marcio Fernando Ribeiro de; Zambolim, LaércioThe use of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers has provided advances in selection methodologies used in breeding programs of different crops, reducing cost and time of cultivar release. Despite the great economic and social importance of Coffea arabica, studies with SNP markers are scarce and a small number of SNP are available for this species, when compared with other crops of agronomic importance. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify and validate SNP molecular markers for the species Coffea arabica and to introduce these markers to genetic breeding by means of an accurate analysis of the diversity and genetic structure of breeding populations of this species. After quality filtering, 11,187 SNP markers were selected from the coffee population obtained from crosses between the genotypes Catuaí and Híbrido de Timor. A great number of markers were distributed in the 11 chromosomes, within transcribed regions, and were used to estimate the genetic dissimilarity among the individuals of the breeding population. Dendrogram analysis and a Bayesian approach demonstrated the formation of two groups and the discrimination of all genotypes evaluated. The expressive number of SNP molecular markers distributed throughout C. arabica genome was efficient to discriminate all the accessions evaluated in the experiment, clustering them according to their genealogies. This work identified mixtures within the progenies. The genotyping data also provided detailed information about the parental genotypes and led to the identification of new candidate parents to be introduced to the breeding program. The study discussed population structure and its consequence in obtaining improved varieties of C. arabica.Item Triple plagiotropic branch in coffee: a new promising mutant?(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2017-10) Sakiyama, Ney Sussumu; Picoli, Edgard Augusto de Toledo; Zambolim, Laércio; Martinez, Hermínia Emília Prieto; Pereira, Antonio Alves; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos Baião deCoffee tree is a shrub with dimorphic branches. The orthotropic stem grows vertically with two near-horizontal plagiotropic branches, per node, in opposite phyllotaxy. The consecutive nodes of the orthotropic stem are organized in parastichies. We report here mutant plants of Coffea arabica with triple plagiotropic branch, resulted from the whorled phyllotaxy of the orthotropic stem. In mutant plants three plagiotropic branches in the same node are separated by angles of approximately 120o, while in normal plants two plagiotropic branches in the same node are separated by angles of approximately 180o. In mutant plants the angles of the parastichies increase approximately 50o clockwise between consecutive nodes, while in normal plants the angles increase approximately 87o. The plant architecture is changed. The triple plagiotropic branch is a putative mutant with potential to be explored in coffee breeding programs. The hypotheses for the origin of the mutation and the research perspectives are discussed.